CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 1 Introduction Welcome to CSE1720 An Elective Unit for Bachelor of...

CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 1

IntroductionIntroduction

Welcome to CSE1720

An Elective Unit for Bachelor of Business

and other Approved Degrees

Summer Semester 2005

known as Semester 3

Summer C

BUSINESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

AND SYSTEMS


IntroductionIntroduction

CSE1720CSE1720

Business Information Technology and Systems

I’m : Rod Simpson

I’m located in : C 4.46 (until mid 2005)

phone number is : (03) 990 32352

My email address is : [email protected]


Which stands for

School of Computer Science and Software Engineering

Faculty of Information Technology


Unit InformationUnit Information

The unit schedule is

Lectures

Monday, 22/11 to Thursday 25/11 9.30am to noon

Monday, 29/11 to Thursday 2/12 9.30am to noon

Monday, 6/12 and Tuesday 7/12 9.30am to noon

Wednesday 8/12. Revision Lecture/Question Session

9.30am to noon

Tutorials 1.30pm to 3.00pm as per the lecture dates, but NOT Wednesday 8/12/2004

Examination: Friday 10th December 9.30am to 11.45am


More InformationMore Information

Tutorials are in Laboratories

B 3.42 B 3.42B

B 3.43 B 3.45

and B 3.46

They run from 1.30pm to 3.00pm and are on

22/11, 23/11, 24/11 and 25/11

29/11, 30/11, 1/12 and 2/12

6/12, 7/12 and 8/12/2005

The examination is on Friday 10th December.

It will start at 9.30m.


Unit InformationUnit Information

IMPORTANT NOTICE

Today, Monday 22nd November is the last opportunity of withdrawing from this unit without payment penalty.


Subject InformationSubject Information

ANOTHER IMPORTANT NOTICE

ExclusionsExclusions

The exclusions to this unit are

–Bachelor of Computing

–Bachelor of Computer Science

–Masters Degrees in Computing

–Graduate Diplomas in Computing ...


Lecture No. 1Lecture No. 1


The Unit ObjectivesThe Unit Objectives

Let’s look at the Unit Title

Business Information Technology and Systems

It should read

‘ Business Information - Technology and Systems’

What is Business ?

What is Business Information ?

Why is either, or both, necessary ?

What is the meaning or purpose of ‘Technology’ ?

What is a ‘System’

What is a ‘Technology System’ ?


Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

• To give you SOME information of the use of Computing Hardware and Software in the Business Environment

• To give you SOME information on the use of computing techniques and methods in the Business Environment

• To provide you with some of the terminology associated with computing hardware, software and techniques


Unit ObjectivesUnit Objectives

• To give you some hands-on experience with the Windows 2000/XP Operating Systems and the Windows environment, spreadsheet, database and word-processing software, and the Oracle database management system

• To give you some concepts of system design and system project management


What will you get from this unit ?What will you get from this unit ?What will you get from this unit ?What will you get from this unit ?

You should :

Become familiar with many Information Technology terms

Develop an understanding of the nature and functions of an Operating System - Windows 2000 / XP in particular - and you will hear about Linux

Be able to discuss the need for, and the probable extent of, an Information System

Be capable of using Microsoft Office products - Word, Excel, Access and PowerPoint



Become aware of some of the pieces or components of a PC

Develop some understanding of the capacities, speeds and units of measurement of the components of a computer system

Be able to use the Monash Library system and the Internet competently

Be able to construct a Profit and Loss and Forecast solution in Excel

Be able to design and create a small database



Be impressed with some of the Modelling tools which are available to assist in Decision Making Processes

Have some understanding of the World Wide Web and E-commerce

Have some feel for the ‘environment’ of a computer system

- security, privacy, recovery, maintenance

Have some understanding of Communications - electronic messaging, protocols, ‘built in’ controls



But, you won’t get all this in 1 lecture - you’ll need to attend all 11 lectures and the tutorials in this Summer Semester unit.


Unit RequirementsUnit Requirements

• ASSIGNMENTS There are 3 .

1 - on the use of the Library Access facilities (15%)

1 - a spreadsheet assignment (Excel) (15%)

1 - a short database assignment (20%)

50%

and a brief introduction to PowerPoint - this is a ‘no credit’ task, but you should enjoy it.

• EXAMINATION A 2 hour exam. No notes, calculators

(a) multi choice questions

(b) software specific questions 50%

(c) 4 essay-type questions


Your InputYour Input

You will need to:1. Attend Lectures2. Attend Tutorials3. Have access to the text - CSE 1720 Notes and Exercises (Summer Semester, 2005) Parker and Morley text - ‘Understanding Computers

Today and Tomorrow’

Suggestions for your development: Excel 2002 ($79.95) Access Inside Out 2002 - Feddema ($115) Shelley Cashman Vermaat Office 2000These, and others, are available in the Bookshop


Your InputYour Input

4. Use the Self Study period

5. Practise and develop your computing skills in the

Laboratories or at home.

6. See your tutor by appointment if you have problems

7. Hand in your assignments ON TIME


Personal SkillsPersonal Skills

• You will need these skills in your careers:

1. Technical 2. Communication

3. Administrative 4. Personnel management

5. Planning 6. Intuitive

Plus: Survival

Anticipation, On-going education, Adopting and Adapting to new technology, Innovation, Opportunities


Your SkillsYour Skills

The Major Objectives in Acquiring a Skill are

But,

To expand on it - What, When , Where, How

and To use it effectively

Which means in effect ‘ I am always learning’


Our Contacts with ComputingOur Contacts with Computing

• Banking• Health Services• Leisure Activities - TAB, Tattslotto, Tabaret, Sporting• Incomes/Tax/Superannuation/Deductions• Motor Vehicles - Construction, Safety, Purchase,

Insurance, Tracing, Simulators• Traffic Flow Analyses - Road Toll Collections (City Link ?)• Travel• Credit and Credit Control• Home Management• Education



• Education• Library - Pleasure, Research

Including the Internet• Hospital

Medical/Surgical Applications/Research

Patient Care

Administration• Incapacitated/Handicapped Persons • Government and Local Government Applications• Communications - text, television, images, voice • Automated Vehicle Guidance (AVG)

etc etc etc .



All require good quality power and communications facilities


Computer CharacteristicsComputer Characteristics

1. Controlled Device (by the user and by software)

2. Perform Ranges of Mathematical and Logic Operations

3. Has the ability to store data and instruction in a

‘memory’ device

4. Can perform a linked series of operations

5. Can repeat this series until - interruption

- no further data available


Computer CharacteristicsComputer Characteristics

6. Can vary (i) scope

(ii) sequence depending on conditions detected

7. High speed of operation which is linked to Throughput

8. Used for a wide variety of processing applications

OR can be used for a continuous single operation

9. Can be small, medium or large capacity

10. Can be fixed or mobile

11. Can be a single unit or multiple units


A SystemA System

Probably the most used term in the discipline:

PEOPLE

+ Input, Processing

HARDWARE Storage, Output, Communications

+

SOFTWARE Applications - Payroll, Census

+ Systems - Operating System

CONTROLS Database

Communications


TerminologyTerminology

• TIME millisecond 1/1,000 of a second

microsecond 1/1,000,000

nanosecond 1/1,000,000,000

others: pica, femto second

• CAPACITY kilo byte = 1,000 bytes

megabyte = 1,000,000 bytes

gigabyte = 1,000,000,000 bytes

terabytes = 1,000,000,000,000 bytes

petabytes = 1,000,000,000,000,000 bytes a byte is almost the same as a character

and exabytes, zettabytes and yottabytes (10 25) the newest measures.


TerminologyTerminology

• Printing characters/second

lines per minute

pages per minute

• Communications bits/second (Mbits or Kbits/second)

Mbps = megabits per second.

MBps = Megabytes per second

• Processor Number of Millions of Instructions

per second (100 to 2000+)

Cycle rates : 75MHz 100MHz 200MHz 300MHz

450MHz 500MHz 600MHz .. 1500MHz

1.7GH, 3.4GH -------- > ??


4 Basic Categories4 Basic Categories

Supercomputers

Scientific and research laboratories

NASA

Large Web sites

Weather data analyses and predictions

A ‘supercomputer’ can be a cluster of multiple smaller computers - massively parallel processors

One such ‘supercomputer’ has 8,192 Central Processing Units.

Monash University is part of a consortium with 250 units in a cluster - high speed, complex calculations



Mainframe Computers

Large organisations

24 hour a day, many tens of thousands of intermittent users

High volume of transactions and records, multiple databases

High end servers or Enterprise servers

On Line Analysis Processing

$500,000 to multi million dollar devices

Can be networked - and invariably are.



Midrange Computers

Also called minicomputers

Cost $300,000 to $700,000

Support many and different processes, many users (~ 400 to 500)

Can be clustered as in the University Oracle systems - Callista, SAP. You will be using this facility with your Oracle database exercises

Are also used as Servers - as in database servers


Personal ComputersPersonal Computers

Personal Computers

Used widely in small and large businesses

Productivity Tools - Analysis Tools

Connected to Company networks and Internet connections

Desktop Units - Bench top / Tower HP. IBM, Compaq, Dell

Portable Units - Notebook, Tablet, Handheld (Palmtop), Pocket

Network computers, Thin Client (not a Jennie Craig customer), Servers (support and drive a number of other PCs)

Costs of single devices in the low thousands of dollars


Typical Business Management ReportsTypical Business Management Reports

Computer based systems are designed to produce a great variety of REPORTS to Management - more personally, to Managers and to Support Staff.

Such reports can be hard copy (printed) or soft copy (viewed on a screen - which does not have to be the originating screen or site)



• Financial Status Assets, Liabilities, Cash in Hand,

Cash Flows• Company Customer Information, Client Information,

Competitor’s Information, Profit Margins• Operational Status of the Company and its Employees -

Standards, Productivity, Overheads, Market Rating• Provision of Documentation to Government and other

Regulatory bodies

Revenue Payroll tax

WorkCover Payments

GST and BAS returns

International Trade etc....…



Or, more generally,

1. Audit trails of activity such as transaction postings, user logins, table updates

2. Lists of items - charts of accounts, employees, inventory

3. Exception reports - top 10 customers, lowest profitability items

4. Business status snapshots - income statements, balance sheets

5. Content briefings which combine text, charts, tables, images

These are time and frequency dependent and normally represent the logical end of a business process.


A Change toTypical Business Management ReportingA Change toTypical Business Management Reporting

NOTIFICATIONS:

Occur as the result of an EVENT.

Examples: Login successful

You should now backup your system

Your conference is due to start in 10 minutes

Item SKZ31056 has reached reorder point

Invoice 24.567.A45 is now 5 days overdue

Such reports can be hard copy (printed) or soft copy (viewed on a screen - which does not have to be the originating screen)


A History SnapshotA History Snapshot

• 415 B.C. Plato founds the Academy for the pursuit of science. Mathematical theory development commences

• 200 B.C. Chinese artisans develop automata, including an entire mechanical orchestra

• 1617 Napier’s Bones. Calculating machine• 1642 Pascal develops the Pascaline. A machine which could

add and subtract• 1694 Leibnitz. Develops the Leibnitz Computer (multiplication

by repetitive additions)• 1805 Jacquard automates weaving with a series of data

recorded in punched cards• 1822 Babbage develops the ‘difference engine’



• 1832 Babbage invents the ANalytical Engine - the first computer

• 1840 Augusta Ada Lovelace (mathematician) introduces Binary as the form for data representation

• 1854 Paris and London connected by electric telegraph• 1890 Hollerith uses punched cards for data capture and

processing• 1904 Fleming. First diode valve• 1924 IBM appears. James Watson the Chief Executive

Officer• 1930 Vannevar Bush - Differential Analyser (military use in

WWll - missile trajectories)



• 1937 Alan Turing - the Turing machine, a theoretical model of a computer

• 1940 Atanasoff and Berry - Electronic Computer ABC• 1946 John von Neumann - publishes paper on stored-

program concepts• 1946 Eckert and Mauchley - ENIAC• 1947 Schockley, Brittain and Ardeen develop the transistor• 1951 EDVAC The first stored program computer (Eckert and

Mauchley)• 1955 Newell, Shaw and Simon - first artificial intelligence

machine• 1995 Beginning of the space program



• 1967 Fortran• 1958 Jack St.Clair Kilby invents the first integrated circuit• 1958-59 Kilby and Noyce develop ‘the chip’• 1959 Grace Hopper develops COBOL• 1968 Intel Corporation formed• 1970 Floppy disk introduced• 1971 First microprocessor marketed• 1971 First electronic spreadsheet. - Visicalc• 1977 Apple ll marketed• 1979 Hayes markets a modem• 1981 First IBM microcomputer• 1982 Kapor’s Lotus 1-2-3


A History Snapshot of Micomputer ChipsA History Snapshot of Micomputer ChipsManufacturer Year Using Systems Speed (Mhz) BitsIntel 8088 1978 IBM PC, XT 4 - 8 8

Motorola 6800 1979 Macintosh 8 - 16 32

Intel 80286 1982 PC/AT PS/2 8 - 28 16

Motorola 68020 1984 Macintosh ll 16 - 33 32

Sun Microsystems 1985 Sun Sparcstation 20 - 25 16

Intel 80386DX 1985 IBM PS/2; 386 16 - 33 32

Intel 80486DX 1989 IBM PS/2; 486 25 - 66 32

Motorola 68040 1989 Macintosh Quadras 25 - 40 32

IBM RISC 6000 1990 IBM RISC/6000 20 - 50 64

Intel Pentium 1993 Compaq, IBM 60 -200 64

Intel Pentium Pro 1996 IBM and clones 133 -300 64

Intel Pentium ll 1997 IBM etc 233 -600 64

Intel Pentium lll 1998/9 IBM etc + Celeron 650 -855 64

Intel Pentium IV 2000 1700 64

and the 2000MHZ 2001 2200 64


In PerspectiveIn Perspective

• During this unit you will hear about other software such as

• Java, Javabeans, Applets• HTML, SGML, SHTML• C++, C, • .net (or C#)• XML, SXML• Linux• and some of the ‘Application Software Packages’ such as

Oracle Financials and SAP• and other software which isn’t Microsoft based


I.T and Your FutureI.T and Your Future

The following slides have some comments about the impact of Information Technology

and the probable effect on you and your future

and the need for you to be conversant and competent with the rapid changes in this technology


Why Computing ?Why Computing ?

A good question. Try this :-

Creating Business Value Through Technology

Developing Business Solutions to Deliver Competitive Advantage

Increasing Productivity/Reducing back Office Costs

Lowering Cost of Sales/ Increasing Business Intelligence


Why Computing / Information Technology ?Why Computing / Information Technology ?

Creating Business Value Through Technology

Increasing I.T Development Productivity

Managing Database Services 7 x 24

Avoiding Costly Implementation Mistakes

Reducing Existing Infrastructure Costs


Why Organisations Invest In Information ProjectsWhy Organisations Invest In Information Projects

Supports explicit Business objectives

Has good internal rate of return

Has good net present value

Has reasonable payback period

Is used in response to competitive systems

Supports management decision making

Meets budgetary constraints


Why Organisations Invest In Information ProjectsWhy Organisations Invest In Information Projects

High probability of achieving benefits

Good accounting rate of return

Meets technical/system requirements

Supports legal/government requirements

Good profitability index

Introduces new technology


The Information AgeThe Information Age

Some characteristics:

The computer is the dominant technology

Computing intelligence is dispersed into all aspects which can be improved by being ‘smart’.

Computerisation is called mechatronics (mechanical electronics)

Technology gives products the capability to be customised and made responsive to each user



The output of the current period is knowledge

Products which are ‘information rich’ produces products which have a high level of attraction to users

The basis of wealth is information.

Information drives the creation of knowledge

> which drives strategic actions

> which create temporary competitive advantage for businesses.



The ‘knowledge worker’ is the key to information

A large part of the workforce is involved in collecting, processing and communication information

The means of ‘moving things’ is communications networks

Logistics is concerned with moving bits representing data and information as opposed to moving physical products



The market place (where people gather to buy and sell products and services) has shifted from the physical marketplace to the marketspace - which is an electronic market place in cyberspace)

Information based improvements become the main method of creating new products and services

The value of existing goods and services is enhanced by information enhancement


And the Customers ?And the Customers ?

Customers are marketed, sold and serviced as individuals, not as statistical averages

An accessible information highway, the Internet, permits global and interactive access to multimedia information


And People ?And People ?

Convergence of information forms leads to ‘new’ ways of working and living

Time and space constraints of markets collapse

People live where they please

They work with remote employers

They purchase products from local or distant providers as required


The Industrial vs the Information AgeThe Industrial vs the Information Age

Industrial Age : Information flow was physical and paper based

Information Age : Information flow is virtual and digitised

The result is the movement from manufacturing to knowledge as the key to societal wealth

The end result is the global economy becoming merged and information-centric = globalisation ?



5 Primary Perspectives:

1. Technology Continued innovation in information technologies results in information technology addressing all forms of life

2. Economics The economy becomes information-centered.

The creation of wealth is tied to the ability to create new information-based products and amend existing products with information

3. Employment There is a shift in numbers to knowledge workers. People make their living in creating, moving, analysing, interpreting or distributing information



4. Spatial World networking of computers leads to the collapse of the traditional market constraints of time and space. The world becomes a global marketspace

5. Cultural Society becomes media-laden. Information is readily available in multimedia formats, it can be customised easily and accurately, and it is interactive

We expect information in forms which are readily accessible and convenient



3 associated technology changes drive the information age

1. Digitisation of information - regardless of form (audio,data, image, video)

All information shares the same basis of construction

It becomes • transportable• interoperable• subject to interactive manipulation by the user



2. Rapidly decreasing cost of computing

This ensures that computing will become – available– available everywhere (ubiquitous)– cost attractive

3. Broadband Communications

Multimedia is storage intensive and time sensitive

Gigabit communications (lecture 8) will give rise to

efficiency and effectiveness of work



Business is highly competitive

Success is the objective

Success can be achieved by advantage

Advantage is expressed through the power and agility of information technology

I.T. is now not seen as an expense - it is the means of

attracting customers

adding value to products

improving productivity

beating the competition


This Might Be HelpfulThis Might Be Helpful

Supply Chain Management

My $$$$

Suppliers

My My

Customers Employees


Final ThoughtsFinal Thoughts

Industrial Age Advantage

Mass Production

Mass Marketing

Customer Research

Optimisation of Physical Value Chains

Physical Collaboration with Suppliers

Excellent Customer Service

Physical Location

Prompt Delivery of Physical Products to Door

Knowledgeable sales Help

IT Age Advantage

Mass Customisation

One-to-One Marketing

Customer Participation

Optimisation of Information Chain

Information Collaboration with Suppliers

Customer Self_service

Virtual Globisation

OnLine Delivery of Virtual Products

Software Agentswith acknowledgement to Bernard Boar, RCG

Information Technology, who provided some of the basis for the materials


Courtroom Capers - Traffic Offences

Courtroom Capers - Traffic Offences

Q. Constable, when you stopped the defendant,were your vehicle’s red and blue lights flashing ?A. Yes, they were

Q. And had you used the siren ?A. Yes, I had

Q. And did the defendant say anything after getting out of the vehicle ?A. Yes

Q. What was said ?A. The defendant said ‘Am I at the Casino ?’


This is a RED ??????????

See you tomorrow, same place, same timeSee you tomorrow, same place, same time

That was a GREEN ??????????


Building EvacuationBuilding Evacuation

When the Building Alert Alarm System Activates - get ready

When the Building Evacuation Alarm System Activates

– Collect your belongings– Move out of the room using the Exits– Use the Stairs - NOT the Lifts or Escalators– Follow the directions of FLOOR WARDENS - if present– Move to the Lawn outside K Block (the common)– Wait for further instructions (if during the evening use

your discretion)– TREAT EVERY EVACUATION ALERT as REAL


More InformationMore Information

Tutorials are in Laboratories

B 3.42 B 3.42B

B 3.43 B 3.45

and B 3.46

They run from 1.30pm to 3.00pm and are on

22/11, 23/11, 24/11 and 25/11

29/11, 30/11, 1/12 and 2/12

6/12, 7/12 and 8/12/2004

The examination is on Friday 10th December.

It will start at 9.30m.


And from a Doctor’s diary:

Discharge Status : Alive but without my permission

The website for the Unit materials is athttp://www.csse.monash.edu.au/courseware/cse1720s

CSE1720 Summer 2005 Lect 01 / 1 Introduction Welcome to CSE1720 An Elective Unit for Bachelor of...

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