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CSD-14 Partnerships Fair – May 2006
- Environmental Innovation for - Environmental Innovation for Sustainable Development -Sustainable Development -
Masataka Watanabe: Leader of Integrated Environmental MonitoriMasataka Watanabe: Leader of Integrated Environmental Monitoring Sub-projectng Sub-project
Mikiko Kainuma: Leader of Integrated Environmental Assessment Mikiko Kainuma: Leader of Integrated Environmental Assessment Sub-projectSub-project
Hideyuki MORI: Leader of Research on Innovative and Strategic PoHideyuki MORI: Leader of Research on Innovative and Strategic Policy Options Sub-projectlicy Options Sub-project
Asia-Pacific Environmental Asia-Pacific Environmental Innovation Project (APEIS)Innovation Project (APEIS)
NIES
3 May 20063 May 2006
2
International Scientific Activities
Framework of APEIS
WSSDPropose Asia-Pacific model
ECO ASIA Ministerial Meeting
ECO ASIA Panel
Policy Guidance Scientific database and options
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) and Other international projects
Create linkages and cooperative structures
International organizations
(ADB, UNEP, UNU)
APN
Joint project collaboration
Research on innovative and strategic policy options
Integrated Environmental
Monitoring
Integrated Environmental
Assessment
Sub-projects
3
Concept / TargetConcept / Target• Each sub-project is designed Each sub-project is designed
to provide a scientific basis to provide a scientific basis for decision-making and to for decision-making and to establish on-going establish on-going communication between communication between scientists and policy-scientists and policy-makers.makers.
• DatabaseDatabase• Monitoring/Modeling Monitoring/Modeling
toolstools• NetworkNetwork
What has been done. What next steps?
• What area these What area these tools could be tools could be applied further?applied further?
• How to expand How to expand collaboration?collaboration?
4
Sub-Project:
Integrated Environmental Integrated Environmental Modeling (IEM)Modeling (IEM)
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)
5
Integrated Monitoring System
Ecological Indices•Water deficit index•Aridity•Index of desertification •Index of dust storm
Integrated Model for Assessment of EcologicalFunction
Water resources Carbon cycleNutrient cycleFood Production and SecurityDisaster Protection
Ground-truth Measurements• Meteorological data• Hydrological data• Vegetation data• Soil properties data
Contribution to Policy Making for SD
MODIS high-order products Land surface temperature Land cover / Vegetation indices Fires & biomass burning Leaf area index / FPAR Photosynthesis / NPP
Satellite Observation Network Ecological Observation Network
Detection of Ecosystem Vulnerability
GIS Data• Digital maps• Statistic data• Other remote sensing date
6
7
(Desert)
(Wheat and corn field))
(paddy field)
H: Heat fluxLE: Latent heat flux (evaporation rate)
8Estimated water deficit index (EF) and evapotranspiration (ET) of winter wheat field with MODIS remote sending datasets in North China Plain
9
10
11
Carbon Fixation ( Mg C ha-1)
Input
-4
0
4
8
12
16
20
8-Ju
l
18-J
ul
28-J
ul
7-A
ug
17-A
ug
27-A
ug
6-S
ep
16-S
ep
26-S
ep
Fc
(gC
m-2
day
-1)
F F
Fc_simu=1.059Fc_obs+0.001R2=0.7431
Growing period of corn
c_simuc_obs
Validation
Scale-up
Input
Simulation of CO2 Flux
Before improved
Land Use
Climatic Factors GIS Input LayersMeasurements
Modeling After improved
Application to Regional Scale: Carbon Fixation by Vegetation using MODIS
Data
12
Leaf Area Index (LAI) Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE)
Daily Simulation of CarbonExchange
13
14
Sub-Project:
Integrated Environmental Integrated Environmental Assessment (IEA)Assessment (IEA)
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)
15
Objectives of IEAObjectives of IEADeveloping IEA tools to assess innovative options• Diffusing and applying IEA tools for selected Asia-Pacific countries
(China, India, Thailand, Korea)• Developing quantitative innovative scenarios using IEA tools• Link with MDG/national goals and Sustainable Development
Econ
omic
/soc
ial I
ndic
ator
Environmental Quality
Econ
omic
/soc
ial I
ndic
ator
Environmental QualityNational Environment Goals
InnovationstrategiesN
atio
nal E
cono
mic
Tar
gets
Trade-off
SustainableSustainableDevelopmentDevelopment
Econ
omic
/soc
ial I
ndic
ator
Environmental Quality
Econ
omic
/soc
ial I
ndic
ator
Environmental QualityNational Environment Goals
InnovationstrategiesN
atio
nal E
cono
mic
Tar
gets
Trade-off
SustainableSustainableDevelopmentDevelopment
Environmental Quality
Econ
omic
/soc
ial I
ndic
ator
Environmental QualityNational Environment Goals
InnovationstrategiesN
atio
nal E
cono
mic
Tar
gets
Trade-off
SustainableSustainableDevelopmentDevelopment
16
Tools for Integrated Tools for Integrated Environmental Assessment (IEA)Environmental Assessment (IEA)
Scenario Scenario AssessmentAssessment
Land use
TemperaturePrecipitation
Sunshine
Water resource
Crop Productivity
Socio-economicindicator
Impact on food demand
Adaptation strategy
AIM/A set of ecosystem models, including a vegetation dynamics model, a water resource model, an agricultural productivity model and a health impact model
Developed as a communication platform in orderto construct Asia -pacific regional environmental outlook supported with multi -regional environment
Futureeconomic trend
Futureenvironmental trend
Scenario Scenario AssessmentAssessment
Land use
TemperaturePrecipitation
Sunshine
Water resource
Crop Productivity
Socio-economicindicator
Impact on food demand
Adaptation strategy
AIM/A set of ecosystem models, including a vegetation dynamics model, a water resource model, an agricultural productivity model and a health impact model
Developed as a communication platform in orderto construct Asia -pacific regional environmental outlook supported with multi -regional environment
Futureeconomic trend
Futureenvironmental trend
India
Thailand
Korea
Japan
China
AIM/TrendIndustry
Green Purchase
Environ-mental Burden
Environment Fund
Environmental Industry (waste management, recycle)
Was
tes
Environmental Burden
Rec
ycle
Technology needsTechnology assessment
EnvironmentalIndustry
Environmentalburden
Consumer
Research on new technologies
AIM/MaterialOne country CGE model with CO2 and material balance, interface with environmental technology model
Emission Intensity of SO2 in China
AIM/A bottom-up technology selection model of energy use and emissions at country and local level
AIM/End -useCountry Based
Technology Model
AIM/Top -downWorld Economic
Model
Land use
TemperaturePrecipitation
Sunshine
Water resource
Crop Productivity
Socio-economicindicator
Impact on food demand
Adaptation strategy
Land use
TemperaturePrecipitation
Sunshine
Water resource
Crop Productivity
Socio-economicindicator
Impact on food demand
Adaptation strategy
Land use
TemperaturePrecipitation
Sunshine
Water resource
Crop Productivity
Socio-economicindicator
Impact on food demand
Adaptation strategy
AIM/Ecosystem/Water/Impact
communication
to construct Asia -
multi - -economic CGE model
Futureeconomic trend
Futureenvironmental trend
India
Thailand
Korea
Japan
China
Futureeconomic trendFutureeconomic trend
Futureenvironmental trendFutureenvironmental trend
India
Thailand
Korea
Japan
China
Futureeconomic trendFutureeconomic trend
Futureenvironmental trendFutureenvironmental trend
India
Thailand
Korea
Japan
China
Environmental Burden
Rec
ycle
Technology needsTechnology assessment
EnvironmentalIndustry
Environmentalburden
Consumer
Research on new technologies
IndustryGreen Purchase
Environ-mental Burden
Environment Fund
Environmental Industry (waste management, recycle)
Was
tes
Environmental Burden
Rec
ycle
Technology needsTechnology assessment
EnvironmentalIndustry
Environmentalburden
Consumer
Research on new technologies
AIM/MaterialAn environment-economy interacted model with material balance and recycling process modules
Emission Intensity of SO2 in ChinaEmission Intensity of SO2 in China
AIM/ Energy/Technology/Country
AIM/End -useCountry Based
Technology Model
A bottom-up technology & land use model for Asia-Pacific region
AIM/Bottom-upA general-equilibrium-type
world economic model
AIM/Top-downAIM Family
AIM Model Development for APEISAIM Model Development for APEIS Strategic databaseStrategic database
Institution, Management, Technology, Adaptation
Database
Index Base
Model Base
Strategy Option Base
17
Issues Considered IEA Tools Examples
Integration of millennium development goals, global environmental problems, and sustainability
AIM/MaterialAIM/EnergyAIM/Agriculture
India's assessment of innovative options for meeting both millennium development goals and climate change objectives
Renewable energy, rural electrification, and municipal solid waste management
AIM/EnergyAIM/TrendSDB
Thailand's and Korea's environmentally sound energy innovations
MDG, water, and sanitation AIM/WaterAIM/MaterialSDB
Asia-Pacific countries'water and sanitation developments and national health improvements
City air pollution management AIM/AirAIM/EnergyAIM/Material
Beijing city air managementChina air pollution and health
impact
What kind of issues What kind of issues IEA ToolsIEA Tools can address? can address?
IEA ToolsIEA Tools can address country-specific can address country-specific various environment and development problemsvarious environment and development problems
(SDB: Strategic DataBase)
18
How to aHow to assessssess national-level climate change scenarios national-level climate change scenarios and MDG targetsand MDG targets of linkage among global of linkage among global
scenariosscenarios--IndiaIndia’s ’s casecase using using AIM/MaterialAIM/Material & &
AIM/EnergyAIM/Energy--
2002000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080
5 50 pp m v5 50 pp m v
IA2IA2
IB2IB2
IB1IB1
IA1IA1
IA1TIA1T
Indian Scenarios
2002000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080
5 50 pp m v5 50 pp m v
IA2IA2
IB2IB2
IB1IB1
IA1IA1
IA1TIA1T
Indian Scenarios
Economy
Environment
RegionalismGlobalism
A2: cultural pluralism
B1: recycle-based B2: regional coexistence
PopulationEconomic growth
Technology EnergyAgriculture (land use)
Driving Forces
A1: high growth(A1FI)
(A1T)A1B Economy
Environment
RegionalismGlobalism
A2: cultural pluralism
B1: recycle-based B2: regional coexistence
PopulationEconomic growth
Technology EnergyAgriculture (land use)
Driving Forces
A1: high growth(A1FI)
(A1T)A1B
Global Scenarios
Number of people suffering from hunger
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015
Num
ber
of p
eopl
e (G
loba
l Mill
ion)
B2 A2 B2+Economic Support
Target
National Climate Change Scenarios
National DevelopmentGlobal MDG target
Global Climate Change Scenarios 200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080
5 50 pp m v5 50 pp m v
IA2IA2
IB2IB2
IB1IB1
IA1IA1
IA1TIA1T
Indian Scenarios
2002000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080200
2000
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
2020 2060 2100
Carb
on
Em
issi
on
s (M
T)
1800
2040 2080
5 50 pp m v5 50 pp m v
IA2IA2
IB2IB2
IB1IB1
IA1IA1
IA1TIA1T
Indian Scenarios
Economy
Environment
RegionalismGlobalism
A2: cultural pluralism
B1: recycle-based B2: regional coexistence
PopulationEconomic growth
Technology EnergyAgriculture (land use)
Driving Forces
A1: high growth(A1FI)
(A1T)A1B Economy
Environment
RegionalismGlobalism
A2: cultural pluralism
B1: recycle-based B2: regional coexistence
PopulationEconomic growth
Technology EnergyAgriculture (land use)
Driving Forces
A1: high growth(A1FI)
(A1T)A1B
Global Scenarios
Number of people suffering from hunger
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015
Num
ber
of p
eopl
e (G
loba
l Mill
ion)
B2 A2 B2+Economic Support
Target
National Climate Change Scenarios
National DevelopmentGlobal MDG target
Global Climate Change Scenarios
19
Water Stress IndexWater Stress Index(ratio between total withdrawal(ratio between total withdrawaland renewable water resource)and renewable water resource)
Order from Strength
2100
Technogarden
2100
0 20 40 60 80 100 ~(%)
1 5 10
0 20 40 60 80 100 ~(%)
1 5 10
Withdrawal: driven by socio-economic factorsWater resource: driven by climate factorsGeneral trend of stress index change can be explained by demand side.
2000
20
Role of renewable energy -Thailand’s case using SDB-
Biomass Power Plant
Biofuel Plant
Other Renewable E.Applications
Thermal Energy FlowElectricity Flow
MSWBiogas
Grid
RETs Knowledge & Database Center
Existing Innovations:
1. Solar Home System Project2. Solar PV Power System for Rural Schools3. Solar Power plant 4. Solar Water Heater 5. Solar Dryer6. Green Fuel & Cook stoves 7. Rice Husk for Mushroom Drying Kiln8. Biogas in Livestock Farms & fertilizer9. Biogas from Landfill MSW10. Biogas in Tapioca Starch/Palm oil Plant/Slaughter houses11. Rice Husk & Parawood Power Plant12. Hybrid Power System for National Parks13. Biodiesel and Gasohol Program 14. Renewable Map, Database and Museum & TEENET
1, 4
2, 4
3 4, 5
8
4, 5
10
12
6, 7 9
8
11
13
14
Future Innovations:
1A. Solar Street Lighting Project2A. Solar thermal for water
purification3A. Solar PV in commercial and
manufacturing sector4A. Regional Biogas Pipeline &
Network5A. Fuel cell & Hybrid Technology 6A. Renewable Portfolio Standard7A. IT Based technology to control
demand/supply8A. Large scale Energy Plantation9A. Renewable Energy Fund
8A
6A, 7A
5A
1A
2A 3A
4A
9A
Promotion of Bio-fuels
CO2 emission reduction under S2 (government policy), during (2010-2030) compared to base case:
2010: 2.4%
2020: 2.9%
2030: 2.6%
Base case
Diesel46.6%
Electricity0.3%
LPG11.1%
Natural gas16.0%
Gasoline26.0%
S2
Biodiesel33.6%
Diesel17.9%
Electricity0.1%
LPG9.0%
Natural gas16.0%
Gasoline21.2%
Gasohol952.2%
Changes in fuel mix in transport sector
Base caseGovernment policy (S2)
Shares of diesel, gasoline and LPG in total energy use is estimated to decline.
Shares of gasohol95 and biodiesel are estimated to reach about 2% and 34 % in 2030.
82
138
232
80
134
226
0
50
100
150
200
250
2010 2020 2030
CO
2 e
mis
sio
n (
mill
ion
to
ns
) Basecase S2
2.4%
2.9%
2.6%
2030 2030
21
Visualization of SO2 Concentration- Air Quality Analysis with AIM/Air -Air Quality Analysis with AIM/Air -
SO2: Concentration contour of 3ppb surface
2001/3/31~4/9 UTC
22
Simulation of SO2 concentration caused by traffic emission in Beijing in a winter night
Critical air quality locations in Beijing: Critical air quality locations in Beijing: transport emissionstransport emissions
--ChinaChina’s case’s case using using AIM/AirAIM/Air--
23
Demonstration: Area: the center of Beijing city; Period: Jan 1st, 2000 ~ Jan 14th, 2000; Time Demonstration: Area: the center of Beijing city; Period: Jan 1st, 2000 ~ Jan 14th, 2000; Time step: 1 hour; Emission source: automobiles; Traffic pattern: hourly change in a day; step: 1 hour; Emission source: automobiles; Traffic pattern: hourly change in a day; Meteorology data: ECMWF; Model: Plume or Puff model for a line of point sources (each Meteorology data: ECMWF; Model: Plume or Puff model for a line of point sources (each point source covers emission from automobiles on road within 100m x 100m area)point source covers emission from automobiles on road within 100m x 100m area)
24
APEIS session at CAPaBLE workshop
(Beijing, Sep 2005)
Contributions of APEIS/IEA
UNEP/SEF II workshop (Hanoi, Jan 2005)
Capacity building workshop on model development for Asia-Pacific researchers
Transfer of IEA tools to selected Asia-Pacific countries
Contributions to international projects:MA (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment)
IPCC AR4
UNEP/GEO3 & GEO4
UNEP[RISO]/Development and Climate Project
UNEP/SEFII: Great Mekong Project
EMF (Energy Modeling Forum)
CAPaBLE project
25
Sub-Project:
Research on Innovative andResearch on Innovative and Strategic Policy Options Strategic Policy Options
(RISPO) II(RISPO) II
Research on the Promotion of Sustainable DevelopmentResearch on the Promotion of Sustainable Development in the Context of Regional Economic Integration: in the Context of Regional Economic Integration:
Strategies for Environmental Sustainability and Poverty Strategies for Environmental Sustainability and Poverty ReductionReduction
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES)
26
Implementation schemeImplementation scheme• Implemented in conjunction with a partnership project under the United
Nations Environment Programme/Network of Institutions for Sustainable Development (UNEP-NISD)
• Collaboration with research institutes from six countries in East Asia (China, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Thailand, Vietnam)
Core Group
UNEP-ETB
National Institute ofEnvironmental Studies (Japan)
McGill University(Canada)
Korea EnvironmentInstitute (Korea)
Resource Institutes/Persons
ICTSD
UN University
ASEAN Secretariat Keio University
Seikei University
Hiroshima University
Partner Institutes
Policy Research Center for Environment &
Economy, SEPA (China)
Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Economic
Research Center (Indonesia)
Thailand Environment Institute (Thailand)
Institute for Environmental Science and Technology
Hanoi University of Technology (Vietnam)
IGES (Japan): lead institute
27
Overview of RISPO-IIOverview of RISPO-II What is considered:
• East-Asian economic integration will have significant effects on the environment, poverty and sustainable development in the region.
• Increasing the degree of openness without the appropriate environmental policies may exacerbate environmental degradation.
ObjectiveTo provide research-based policy options useful for environmental policies within the context of East Asian economic integration.
Geographical focus: ASEAN (10 countries) + 3 (China, Japan, Korea). 6 countries (China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam) have been selected for case studies.
3 year project: April 2005–March 2008
28
Research approachResearch approach
Integrated Policy AssessmentExamines the economic, social and environmental implications of policy options, by synthesising the results of both economy-wide and sector/issue specific policy assessments.
Modelling AnalysisEconomy-wide policy impact assessment using the modified GTAP model and other tools
Scenario ApproachAccommodate uncertainty in economic integration in East Asia with three scenarios (Shallow, Moderate, Deep)
Policy AnalysisDeeper analysis of sector/issue specific policies using a range of tools for institutional and policy impact assessment
29
Expected outcome: Strategic EnviroExpected outcome: Strategic Environmental Policy Optionsnmental Policy Options
Policy-makers have to make decisions to prevent environmental damages caused by economic activities before damages will happen. Scenario analysis is essential to have insights what is going to happen.
The development of policy responses that consider trade-offs and principles for policy choices is necessary
Scenario-specific policy packages could be provided with their assessment results. Strategic Environmental Policy Options
These options will assist policy-makers in developing their “sustainable development policies” with aligning development and environmental risk.
30
Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!
URL: URL: http://www.ecoasia.org/APEISE-mail: E-mail: [email protected]
IEM: IEM: http://www-basin.nies.go.jp/english/project/iem/index.htmlIEA: IEA: http://www-iam.nies.go.jp/aim/apeis/RISPO: RISPO: http://www.iges.or.jp/en/ltp/activity_rispo2.htmlE-mail: E-mail: [email protected]
31
32
Assessment of Safe Water/Sanitation Technologies Assessment of Safe Water/Sanitation Technologies and Management Options and Management Options
- - IndiaIndia’s case’s case using using SDBSDB - -
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
200020152025
200020152025
Conventional Advanced Technologies Technologies
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2000
2015
2025
2000
2015
2025
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Rel
ativ
e ris
k of
dia
rrh
ea m
orta
lity
Household connection Public standpoint
Well/Pond/Borehole Rainwater
Sewer connection Septic tank
VIP/Simple pit latrine Diarreha
0
50
100
150
200
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
YearW
ater
sup
ply
byho
useh
old
conn
ectio
n(m
illio
n m
3/yr
)
0
5
10
15
20
2000 2015 2025
An
nu
al c
ost
fo
r H
C(b
illio
n$
/yr)
Management options can reduce leakage
of water supply,
and reduce the cost.Manage-
mentoptions
Manage-ment
options
Ann
ual c
ost (
Bil.
&/y
ear)
Rel
ativ
e ris
k of
dia
rrhe
a m
orta
lity
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
200020152025
200020152025
Conventional Advanced Technologies Technologies
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2000
2015
2025
2000
2015
2025
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Rel
ativ
e ris
k of
dia
rrh
ea m
orta
lity
Household connection Public standpoint
Well/Pond/Borehole Rainwater
Sewer connection Septic tank
VIP/Simple pit latrine Diarreha
0
50
100
150
200
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
YearW
ater
sup
ply
byho
useh
old
conn
ectio
n(m
illio
n m
3/yr
)
0
5
10
15
20
2000 2015 2025
An
nu
al c
ost
fo
r H
C*
(bill
ion
$/y
r)
Management options can reduce leakage
of water supply,
and reduce the cost.Manage-
mentoptions
Manage-ment
options
Ann
ual c
ost (
Bil.
&/y
ear)
Rel
ativ
e ris
k of
dia
rrhe
a m
orta
lity
*HC: Household Connection
33
Assessment of Air Pollution and Health Assessment of Air Pollution and Health Impact Impact
- - ChinaChina’s case using ’s case using AIM/MaterialAIM/Material - -
BaU
Policy
BaU
Geographical distribution of PM10
emissions across China in 2020 (unit: ton)
Policy
Ambient concentration of PM10
in urban areas of China in 2020
BaU
Policy
BaU
Geographical distribution of PM10
emissions across China in 2020 (unit: ton)
Policy
Ambient concentration of PM10
in urban areas of China in 2020
34
Messages from IEAMessages from IEA-Integrated Environmental Assessment--Integrated Environmental Assessment-
1.1. IEA tools are designed to assess IEA tools are designed to assess policies to achieve MDG & national policies to achieve MDG & national targets.targets.
2.2. Technology and institution innovations Technology and institution innovations are key to address environment and are key to address environment and development trade-offs.development trade-offs.
Environmental Quality
National Environment Goals
InnovationstrategiesN
atio
nal E
cono
mic
Tar
gets
SustainableSustainableDevelopmentDevelopment
Trade-off
35
Messages from IEAMessages from IEA-Integrated Environmental Assessment--Integrated Environmental Assessment-
3.3. Quantitative assessment can provide Quantitative assessment can provide information and insights for making information and insights for making innovative choices delivering co-benefitsinnovative choices delivering co-benefits
4.4. IEA tools link science and policy and IEA tools link science and policy and improve effectiveness of policy-making.improve effectiveness of policy-making.
Further Information:http://www.ecoasia.org/APEIS/iea/http://www-iam.nies.go.jp/aim/index.htm
36
Overview of RISPO-IIOverview of RISPO-II Hypothesis
• East-Asian economic integration will have significant effects on the environment, poverty and sustainable development in the region.
• Increasing the degree of openness without the appropriate environmental policies may exacerbate environmental degradation.
ObjectiveTo provide research-based policy options that will be useful contributions to the development of environmental policies by decision-makers, within the context of East Asian economic integration.
Geographical focus: ASEAN (10 countries) + 3 (China, Japan, Korea). 6 countries (China, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam) have been selected for case studies.
3 year project: April 2005–March 2008
37
Research InnovationResearch Innovation
Assess environmentalimpacts of trade policies
Develop environmentalpolicy packages dealing withthe environmental impacts
Assess economic, social andenvironmental outcomes(impacts) of implementingpolicy packages, and feedback to policy development
Most existing studies on tradeand environment
Some studies include this,without taking into account
economy-wide impact ofproposed policies
Innovative apporoach,which is necessary forsustainable development
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Primary outcomesPrimary outcomesOutcomes of Policy AnalysisOutcomes of Policy Analysis Sector/issue specific policy packages with a wide variety of policies Policy impact assessment of the policy packages Institutional assessment results addressing implementability of the p
olicy packages
Outcomes of Modelling AnalysisOutcomes of Modelling Analysis Economy-wide policy packages with a limited range of policies Environmental, social and economic indicators for each country,
such as CO2 emission, BOD discharge, national GDP, unemployment rate, and the poverty ratio
Evaluation results of economy-wide policy packages based on policy targets, such as CO2 emission reduction and non-declining GDP
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Simulation of SO2 concentration caused by traffic emission in Beijing in a winter night
Critical air quality locations in Beijing: Critical air quality locations in Beijing: transport emissionstransport emissions
--ChinaChina’s case’s case using using AIM/AirAIM/Air--
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Deposition of SO42- in July
(kg/hectare/month)
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