CS101: Introduction to Computing

Instructors: Badre Munir, Usman Adeel, Zahid Irfan & Maria Riaz

Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering

GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

Fall 2009

General Course Description The Student will be familiarized with:

History, Present and Future of Computing. Introduction to Computing Hardware Introduction to Computing Software Introduction to Programming Computers

Detailed course contents will be uploaded on the course website

Course Information Instructors

Mr. Badre Munir, G-15, FCSE, badr@giki.ed.pk Mr. Usman Adeel, G-13, FCSE, usman@giki.edu.pk Mr. Zahid Irfan, G-12, FCSE, zahid@giki.edu.pk Maria Riaz, G-14, FCSE, maria@giki.edu.pk

Course Timings Two Lectures per week One lab per week (Three Hours)

Office Hours to be announced

Text Books C How to Program, Fourth/Fifth Edition, Deitel & Deitel

Basic Computing Using Windows

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Computing_Using_Windows

Course Grading Quizzes 15% Assignments 10% Mid Term Examination 25% Final Examination 50%

Academic Honesty Policy Individual Work is emphasized

Quizzes Assignments

Should be your own work and if you got it from somewhere please cite the relevant source.

Consult Course Instructor, Course TA and Text Book Examination Penalty as per university rules

Computers Today

A Tool for Communication

Chat

e-mailSearching

Social Networking

Content Sharing

Blog

A Tool for EntertainmentMultimedia

Games

Computer Revolution !

Google Servers

MarsRover

FlightSimulator

Wearable Computer

Computer We know how to use a computer

We have an idea where it stands today

YOU have to contribute towards its future !

Now let’s look at what it is and the modest beginnings from where it evolved !

History of Computer

What is a Computer (-1-) A computer is a machine that

inputs (takes in) facts and information (known as data*)

then processes (does something to or with) it can also store data afterwards it outputs, or displays, the results for

you to see

* Data is all kinds of information, including, pictures, letters, numbers, and sounds

What is a Computer (-2-)

What is a Computer (-3-) The defining feature of modern computers which

distinguishes them from all other machines is that they can be programmed a list of instructions (the program) can be given to the

computer e.g., add one number to another move some data from one location to another send a message to some external device, etc

it will store them (in memory) and carry them out (execute) some time in future

Usually in the same order in which the instructions were given

History of Computer (-1-) The first use of the word "computer" was

recorded in 1613 referring to a person who carried out

calculations, or computations !

The word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century before modern electronic computers were

developed

History of Computer (-2-) The history of the modern computer begins

with two separate technologies Automated Calculation Programmability

Early computers were mechanical calculating devices such as Abacus, 3000 B.C Slide rule, 1620-1630 A.D

History of Computer (-3-)

Chinese Abacus: for performing arithmetic processes

History of Computer (-4-)

Slide Rule: for performing multiplication, division, computing roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions

History of Computer (-5-) ENIAC - Electronic Numerical Integrator And

Computer - was the first general-purpose electronic computer developed around 1946

operated at 5 kIPS [thousand instructions per second] Today's desktops can perform 10000+ MIPS

weighed 30 tons size was roughly 8.5 x 3 x 80 feet contained around 5 million hand-soldered joints consumed 150 kW of power; enough to dim the lights of

Philadelphia when it was run! Input was given from an IBM card reader An IBM card punch was used for output

History of Computer (-6-)

Working on,rather‘inside’ , ENIAC

History of Computer (-7-)

IBM Punch Card: Programs and data were punched by hand or a key-punch-machine and read into a card reader

The future of computers predicted in the past

I think there is a world market for maybe five computers. 

  -- Thomas Watson, chairman of IBM, 1943 

Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons. 

  -- Popular Mechanics, 1949 

There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their home. 

   --Ken Olson, CEO, Digital Equipment Corp., 1977 

Components of a Computer

Parts of a Computer There are two main parts of computers,

hardware and software Hardware is all of the parts of the computer you

can see and touch. E.g., Monitor, Keyboard, Processor, Memory, Circuits,

Cables etc

Software refers to parts of the computer which do not have a material form. E.g., Data, Programs, Protocols etc

Computer :An External Look

Casing [with components inside] Next slide

Monitor Lets the user see how the computer is

responding to their command Keyboard

For entering text commands Mouse

Point-and-Click interface for interacting with graphical environment

Computer:Internal Components (-1-)

Inside the casing, we have a built-in power supply along with: Motherboard

It is the central printed circuit board (PCB) where the core components of your computer reside provides slots to host microprocessor, memory, driver

controllers, graphics card, modem, network card etc also provides electrical connections by which these hosted

components communicate

Hard Disk Drive Permanent storage for data and programs. Also,

normally, your operating system is installed here. CD-ROM / DVD Player

Computer:Internal Components (-2-)

Power Supply

Computer: Internal Components (-3-)

Motherboard:

Connectors & Ports

Computer:Internal Components (-3-)

Motherboard: Sockets & Slots

Slot for Microprocessor

DRAM Memory Slot

AGP Slot [Graphics]

PCI Slot [sound, network, modem]

IDE / ATA Connector [hard disk, CD-ROM]

Power Connector

Computer:Internal Components (-4-)

Microprocessor

Graphics Card

Computer:Internal Components (-5-)

Network CardRAM

Computer:Internal Components (-6-)

Hard Disk Drive DVD RW

Computer:Peripherals

A peripheral device is an equipment that might be added to a computer system to enhance its functionality Printer Digital camera Scanner Projector Joystick Graphics tablet

Next Time Hardware & Software Concepts

References http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/

Basic_Computing_Using_Windows http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/farid/teaching/cs4/

summer.08/notes/historyofcomputing/ http://ftp.arl.mil/~mike/comphist/eniac-story.html http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/BRL-e-h.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motherboard