crystal defect classification

point defects

self-vacancy, self-interstitial interstitial

interstitial and substitutional impurities

point defect pairs, clusters

line defects

dislocations

planar defects

grain boundaries, surfaces

point defects

vacancies & interstitials

substitutional & inter-stitial impurities

Schottky defect

edge and screw disocations

Burgers vector of edge dislocation

Burgers vector of screw dislocation

Burgers vector example in bcc lattice

stacking faults of (111) planes in fcc lattice

intrinsic

extrinsic

low-angle pure tilt boundary in Ge

high-resolution TEM of large-angle (~24o) tilt-type grain boundary in Au film

strain field and strain energy of dislocations

interaction of edge dislocations

soap bubble model of grain boundary

slip of edge dislocation

self-diffusion in Ag bulk and grain boundary

diffusivities D in bulk vs thin films

combined grain boundary and bulk diffusion

Ga diffusion through polycristalline Al

electromigration

electromigration processes

Material Today January 2005

dislocation loop in {111} plane changes band gap

defect engineered light emitting diode

Dislocation Engineered Light Emitting Diode (DELED)