Cryotarget Training

Gas Panel

Spring-03Basic ComponentsLH2 & LD2 cells & re-circulation loopsRe-circulation fan/pump (60 Hz)1 kW (Helium) heat exchangerHe Supply ~ 14K, 12 atmHe Return ~ 20K, 3 atmJT valve controls He flow1 kW (max) heater (on PID) replaces Pbeam & regulates LH2 tempT&P instrumentationControl System GUIsGas Panel, Ballast tank, ElectronicsMotion System (vertical)

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#T=19 0.01 K (TF=13.8K, TB=22.2K)P~25 1 psia Pbeam ~ 415W @ 80 AReserve power ~ 75 WFan =60 Hz (25%)~2x2 mm2 uniform raster (always on) = 0.0723 g/cm3dE/dx ~ 4.8 MeV/g/cm2

Target SpecificationsT=22 0.01 K (TF=18.7K, TB=25.3K)P~22 1 psia Pbeam ~ 480W @ 80 AReserve power ~ 75 WFan =60 Hz (25%)~2x2 mm2 uniform raster (always on) = 0.167 g/cm3dE/dx ~ 2.4 MeV/g/cm2 LH2 (15 cm cell):LD2 (15 cm cell):Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#ParkingHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#ExpertsNameWorkPagerCellHomeJ.P. Chen7413218-0722867-7380Greg Smith5405871-4371565-9883Silviu Covrig6410584-5411(843) 697-1753Dave Meekins5434968-9076874-4750Chris Keith5878746-9277596-3002Chris Carlin5971559-1269If you need help, call on-call person 1st (posted in CR), then these people in the order listed.(use home # only as a last resort if off hours)Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Loop Anatomy

He coolant in/outH2/D2 in/outHXFanHeaterThermometerPairsbeamCell block (H2 manifold)Cell/tuna can/tahini canUpper cell blk (absent in height cells)JT ValveESR

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#LH2(19 K, 25 psia)LD2(22 K, 22 psia) (g/cm3)0.07230.167dE/dx(MeV/g/cm2)4.82.4Cp (J/g-K)8.86.8Useful Equations/ 1.5% T (K)Pb(W) = Ib(A) (g/cm3) t(cm) dE/dx(MeV/g/cm2)= 0.35 W/A/cm (LH2)= 0.40 W/A/cm (LD2)(but add another ~75 W for reserve heater power)

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#

DA, RS, BM Boiling tech note (2003)

Bulk density reduction with Ibeam is real & must be msrdNew Covrig CFD-based cell design should helpBoilingSRC Tgt(Covrig CFD model)Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Hall A LayoutTargetTarget Electronics

BeamTarget gas panelHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#In the HallJT controlP readoutsLoop TempsCryogen Temps

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Counting RoomTarget computer (controls, charts, alh )TV cameras looking at tgt, Hall, tgt racksManual heater controlsAnalog temperature & position readoutsTarget motion kill switchesDocuments (how-tos, phone #s, etc.)Phone to call tgt expert

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Counting Room StationNew HPH ControlsEmergency Lifter CrashLow Pressure AlarmsNew Temp readout (K/10)

Emergency JT Shut OffEmergency HP Heater Shut OffHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Getting Started Log into poltarcc.jlab.org as poltar. PW posted in CR.cd $GUI (/u/group/poltar/ctarg/Screens)Hall A: Log into poltarac.jlab.org as poltar. PW posted in CR.cd Screens (/u/group/poltar/atarg/Screens)

Hall C:Type ./tgtguiThis will launch main GUI.From main GUI, launch alh, strip charts, etc.Insure alh visible everywhere (each workspace), alh & logger running. Heartbeat OK?Crack secondary GUIs from main GUI

Then in either Hall:Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#

Main GUISecondary GUI buttonsStrip ChartsHeartbeatAlarm HandlerHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Spring-03Adjusting the Heat LoadPbeam~ 450 W at 80 A, Preserve~ 50-100 WFor 15 cm LH2 or LD2With beam on, need ~50-100 W on HPHWith beam off 450+50=500 W on HPH(if off a long time, can reduce)HPH power adjusted automatically (in PID looking at Tloop & Ibeam)To adjust, use JT:Open JT to increase HPH powerClose JT to lower HPH power

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Spring-03Changing TargetsCall MCC: beam off, mask tgt motion FSD, explain which tgt youre going toFrom main GUI, click: Target Motion, then choose Cryotarget LifterClick on the chosen target buttonClick on the Move Target button. Observe motion on TV. Hit panic button if necessary.Note: light switch & dimmer pot on main consoleWait for green light to return, check position is OK.Call MCC: beam & FSD on, new Ib & tgtcheck Ibeam limit OK! Use operational restriction web page (link on cryotgt page)Log configuration change

BDSpositions(~50k/mm)

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Servicing AlarmsClick on alh bar to open alarm tree GUI Alarm OK? Clear the alarm. Transients can happen. Not OK?May be telling you something (adjust JT?). Think!If cant understand why its alarming, call an expert.Log the eventChange alarm limits only if asked to by an expertAlarm Colors:RED: outside wide limitsYellow: between narrow & wide limitsWHITE: Readout error


Alarm Handler GUI1230

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#QweakCheck Logger/ArchiverArchiver is a very useful tool for the TO:http://hallcweb.jlab.org/targetlog/Myaviewer in Hall AList of EPICS variables on archiver startup screenCheck functionality at start of shift by plotting something like loop pressureNot OK? Page Steve Wood.When making log entries, use keyword target:Query epics name: right-click in gui, choose PV info, then left-click on value wantedOr use middle mouse button. Can drag name to striptool this way.Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#

Why? Heartbeat lost, stripcharts flat, white medm readouts, etc.Dont panic. You can do this!Call MCC for beam off.Set manual HPH pot for appropriate powerMonitor analog temps, fine-tune HPH, keep |T-Tgoal| < 1 KReboot IOC from reboot GUIWait 2 min. Check PID working again. Network up?Turn off manual HPH. Still OK? Get Beam back. Log it.

Hall A: hacweb7 Hall C: hcvme4username: hacuser Rebooting the Target IOCHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#General advice for an off-normal event:Think!Dont panic.Respond if you think you understand what the problem is and what the proper response is.You can almost always control the tgt manually with the manual heater, or the JTs, to keep it safe.Reboot (rebooting solves many problems).Call an expert unless you are 100% positive the problem has been dealt with successfully. For all but routine alarms, call expert anyway.Log the problem.

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#High Loop Temperature AlarmAsk MCC to turn off the beamCheck other TSs, & analog temp. r.o.If just PID TS change PID TSLH2 Pump tripped? Restart.HPH should be @ 0W. If not turn it off.SC vacuum OK? Turbopump tripped? Call tech-on-call (Hall A or Hall C)Coolant Tsupply abnormally high?Close offending JTMay be ESR/CHL or xfer line IV failingNo real danger. Just delays.


Low Loop Temperature AlarmLeave the beam on (OK if it trips off)Check other TSs, & analog temp. r.o.If just PID TS change PID TSHPH should be railed. Check if HPH Pmax is set high enough (in GUI)Is Coolant (ESR) Tsupply abnormally low?This happens after an ESR compressor trip. Close JT some. Is PID or HPH PS broken?Use manual HPH to restore Loop temps by handLook at analog temp readoutMay need to slowly close JTs some.Danger: freezing the H2Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Low Loop Pressure AlarmDiurnal pressure variation?Check archiver to see recent history. (see next slide)Gas panel problem? System cant breathe:If SC vacuum also bad Potential H2 leak. BAD. Call expert.If SC vacuum OK Call expert to check valves orCall expert to add H2 to the systemTemps too low?See low temp procedures

Danger: going sub-atmospheric & freezing air in relief path


24hBallast tank is outside, and is affected by sun, TairP T. Ex: T=15C (5%) P=1 psiSystematic effect on target negligible.

1 psiDiurnal P Questions? Use the archiver!

1000 gallon tanksWarm storage pressure is ~50 psia

Msrd diurnal P changes

Hall CHall AHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#High Loop Pressure AlarmDiurnal pressure variation?Check archiver to see recent history.Temps high? Turn off the beam.System is warming up.Warm (storage) pressure ~ 50 psia.See High temp alarm procedures:Probably a vacuum pump has tripped, or the LH2 pump has tripped.Call expert if problem or solution not obvious.Danger: Bursting cell window


Vacuum AlarmsMonitor vacuum stripcharts over ~ days.SC vacuum should be < 1x10-6 TorrTurbopumps: Scatt chmbr, downstream beamlineCan close beamline GVs to isolate & diagnose problemIf one tripped, reset ASAP (see cryotgt web page)Call Hall techs to resetGVs close automatically at ~ 5x10-5 TorrCan develop ice on tgt, bad for expt. May have to warmup to eliminate the iceMay be GVs on turbos closed: Open them.Other possibility: H2 leak or o-ring leak. Call expert.No Danger. Just delays & headaches.

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Non-Target fire in the HallSound the fire alarm & evacuate Hall.Call 911. Call 5822. Call MCC.Close GVs on both sides of the SC.Close JT valves.Call the target expert.

Danger: Obvious

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Turn off the beam immediatelyTo avoid overheating cell windowsExpect T to drop at first, then riseThermal siphoning may help someTakes time (~20 min) to leave VP curve (phase transition)Reset pump controller asapReset from GUI if possible. If pump reset fails, call an expert asap.Reduce coolant flow to avoid freezing HX (D2 loop)If pump is toast (eg bearing failure) so are we. Call an expert, warmup tgt.

LH2 Pump TripHall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Breach of system in the Hall(H2 release into Hall)Evacuate the HallCareful: H2 flame is colorlessShut off pump and heaterDo not operate lifter, JTs, etc.Call cryo to shut off coolantCall experts to pump & purge system,

Danger: System leak, hydrogen fire or explosion.EXTREME HAZARD!

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Power FailureSystem is designed to handle this event safely, passively.Call tgt expert.GVs will close, generates an FSD, kills beam.Pump & heater will stop. Vacuum will begin to spoil.Use heater kill switch alsoTSs, JTs, & control computer are on UPS.Close JTs. Very important if ESR still up & sending coolant to the target.If you cant, call MCC to get cryo on call to stop coolant at source in case it has not already stopped.

Danger: Freezing H2, blocking relief path

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Heater FailureThere are two redundant relief paths:On either side of HX. Or pump.PID problem? Reboot.If heater PS fails, use secondary (manual) heater power supply (like you do for an IOC reboot)Power cycle the primary HPH PS- this usually fixes problemIf neither PS works, heater coil may be shorted.Then reduce JT valves. Can control tgt temp with reduced JTs alone, without a heater (manually).Call expert. May have to warmup and repair.

Danger: Could freeze H2/D2, & turn the HX into an ice cube.

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Computer failureControl room (GUI) computer fails:Monitor analog temp readout, use aux HPH if neededLog in to tgt computer in the hall & start GUIsOr, log in to another tgt computer in the counting roomReboot tgt computer (or power cycle it)Restart GUIs & strip charts. Tgt operation should be OK, youre just blind while its downTgt IOC Fails: (white fields, flatlined charts):Check if network is upIf its the IOC, follow IOC reboot procedure

Danger: You are blind, dont know what is going on.

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Target Training RequirementsFor all new TOs:Oral Training coursePractical:training in CR with expert~ half shift practice in CR with a TOFor already-trained:Training courserecommend to attend oral training class must at least read training slides onlinePractical:short training in CR with expert

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Hall A:http://hallaweb.jlab.org/equipment/targets/cryotargets/Halla_tgt.htmlHall C: from Hall web pagehttp://www.jlab.org/Hall-C/ Target group: https://userweb.jlab.org/~ckeith

Contents: Control system guide How-tos Contacts FAQs This talk Goal parameters Thicknesses Documentation Etc.Cryotarget Web Pages

Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#A Typical Shift (what youll really wind up doing)Monitor tgt parametersService the occasional alarmLog target parameters & changesChange targetsAdjust JT in response to ESR changesRare tgt IOC reboot Thats all!Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#QweakDone!

Remember to get practical training with an expert and practice ~ half shift with a trained operator to complete your practicalThen email [email protected], [email protected] and [email protected] that you have completed your trainingRead documentation available from the Cryotarget websiteStay cool!Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014Hall A/C Tgt Training TalkMarch 2014#Chart176.12876.13976.15175.9175.92275.93475.69175.70375.71575.46975.48175.49475.24575.25875.2775.01875.03175.04474.78874.80274.81574.55674.5774.58474.3274.33574.34974.08274.09674.1173.83973.85473.86973.59473.60973.62473.34473.3673.37573.09173.10773.12372.83472.8572.86672.57372.58972.60672.30772.32472.34172.03772.05472.07271.76271.7871.79871.48371.50171.51971.19971.21771.23670.90970.92870.94770.61470.63470.654

23 psia25 psia27 psiaTemp (K)density (kg/m^3)23 psia LH2 density vs temp

GaspakTo get a thermodynamic property calculated from 2 specified inputs for a given gas:Plot of H2 equilibrium Gas at 175 kPa Press.(bold black: you enter. colored: calculated)1st input step size:02nd input step size:0.51st input1st input2nd input2nd inputOutput2nd inputOutputOutput:GasparameterPress.parameterTemp.PropertyDesiredDesiredDensityIndexGasIndexkPaIndexKIndexPhaseUnitsg/cm^312H2 equilibrium11752153020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175215.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752163020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175216.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752173020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175217.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752183020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175218.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752193020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175219.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752203020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175220.53020.0000012H2 equilibrium11752213020.0000012H2 equilibrium1175221.53020.00000Pressure conversions:12H2 equilibrium11752223020.00000Pa =12H2 equilibrium1175222.53020.00000kPaN/m^2psiaatmin. H20cm-Hglb/ft^2Torrpsig12H2 equilibrium11752233020.00000185.0018500026.841.83742.74138.773864.651387.6912.1412H2 equilibrium1175223.53020.00000175.0017500025.391.73702.63131.273655.751312.6810.6912H2 equilibrium11752243020.00000172.32172322.28402848125.001.70691.87129.263599.811292.5910.3012H2 equilibrium1175224.53020.00000303.98303976.50902624144.103.001220.47228.016350.072280.1329.4012H2 equilibrium11752253020.00000101.33101330.48459689914.701.00406.8276.012116.79760.080.0012H2 equilibrium1175225.53020.00000101.34101338.51700777314.701.00406.8576.002116.96760.000.0012H2 equilibrium11752263020.00000101.32101319.75893261314.701.00406.8076.002116.68760.00-0.0012H2 equilibrium1175226.53020.00000101.34101343.85061393214.701.00406.8776.002117.07760.040.00Values at25.388475psia (=175kPa), and15KGas/FluidConstantInputOutputIndexFluidIndexConstantsIndexInputsID1234Value2Argon1Pressure Upper Limit01Press.1PressurePakPakPapsi0.0000kPa3Isobutane2Temp upper limit02Temp.2TemperatureKKKR0.0000K7Deuterium3temp lower limit03Density3Densitykg/m^3g/cm^3mol/literlbm/ft^30.0000g/cm^311Helium4gas constant R04Entropy4EntropyJ/kg-KJ/g-KJ/mol-KBTU/lb-R0.0000J/g-K12H2 equilibrium5critical pressure05Enthalpy5EnthalpyJ/kgJ/gJ/molBTU/lb0.0000J/g13H2 normal6critical temp06Internal Energy6internal energyJ/kgJ/gJ/molBTU/lb0.0000J/g14H2 ortho7critical density07Quality (vapor mass fraction)7dP/dDPa-m^3/kgkPa-m^3/kgkPa-L/molpsi-ft^3/lb0.0000kPa-m^3/kg15H2 para8triple point pressure08Melting Line8dP/dTPa/KkPa/KkPa/Kpsi/R0.0000kPa/K20Neon9triple point temp (m.p.)092-Phase9CvJ/kg-KJ/g-KJ/mol-KBTU/lb-R0.0000J/g-K22N210triple point vapor density010Saturation10CpJ/kg-KJ/g-KJ/mol-KBTU/lb-R0.0000J/g-K25O211triple point liquid density011Gamma----0.0000-27Water12molecular weight012Alpha----0.0000-28Xenon13pressure of the standard state013Gruneisen----0.0000-17Krypton14accentric factor014Kt----0.0000-15Sound Speedm/sm/sm/sft/s0.0000m/s16JT CoeffK/PaK/kPaK/kPaR/psi0.0000K/kPaUnitsPhase17dH/dV *V@const PJ/kgJ/gJ/molBTU/lb0.0000J/gIndexUnitsIndexPhases18dH/dT @const dens----0.0000-1SI0Single Phase19dS/dT @const dens----0.0000-2Mixed SI & CGS1Liquid Phase (use with saturation input)20Z compressibility factor1/Pa1/kPa1/kPa1/psi0.00001/kPa3Mixed SI & Molar2Vapor Phase (use with saturation input)21ViscosityPa-suPa-suPa-slb/ft-s0.0000uPa-s4Engineering22ConductivityW/m-KW/m-KW/m-KBTU/hr-ft-R0.0000W/m-K23Thermal Diffusivitym^2/scm^2/scm^2/sft^2/s0.0000cm^2/sTemperature Conversions:24Prandtl Number----0.0000-KelvinCentigradeFarenheit25Surface TensionN/mN/mN/mN/m0.0000N/m161-112.15-169.8726Dielectric Constant----0.0000-87.15-186-302.827PV/RT----0.0000-273.1503228dP/dT @ const satPa/KkPa/KkPa/Kpsi/R0.0000kPa/K29latent heatJ/kgJ/gJ/molBTU/lb0.0000J/g30Fugacity/Pressure----0.0000-

&L&D &T&C&F &A (GRS)&RPage &P

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Press. kPa 175Temperature (K)Density (g/cm^3)

ALLPROPS TablesFluidPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/sHydrogen251774.335242.4615.5044.97937.6841229.62314.10176.897221.1214.145.37287.5891352.92714.12676.897221.6214.1495.35547.56121351.5322268.824288.7217.8375.941610.8361042.3251873.36250.4115.9585.20058.21781189.52314.2576.77222.2514.2195.22877.45061347.72714.2576.792222.5514.2155.23737.44821347.23222.568.144294.2418.0856.007511.2361022.3251972.324258.9216.4185.42058.81111151.72314.576.557224.0914.3475.04677.28411338.22714.576.58224.3914.3435.05467.28141337.8322367.433299.9618.3376.068911.6651001.4252071.217268.0416.8855.61969.44671114.82314.7576.343225.914.4714.92367.183613282714.7576.366226.214.4674.93097.18051327.7Liquid3223.3466.938304.0118.5096.108311.971987.13252170.028277.8317.3635.792910.1281077.6231576.128227.6814.5914.84597.13481317.3271576.151227.9914.5874.85267.13141317.1Vapor3223.342.714729.4236.8326.76813.821368.432514.11376.897221.3714.1455.3647.5751352.22315.2575.91229.4714.7094.8037.12691306.32715.2575.934229.7714.7054.80917.12311306.23223.52.6851731.6336.9266.743513.699370.482514.2576.781222.414.2175.2337.44941347.42315.575.691231.2514.8254.78677.15131295.12715.575.715231.5514.8214.79237.14711295.132242.6738.3937.2116.675113.361376.732514.576.568224.2414.3455.05077.282713382315.7575.469233.0414.944.79087.20131283.82715.7575.494233.3414.9354.7967.19671283.93224.52.521874537.4836.616913.076382.742514.7576.355226.0514.4694.92737.1821327.9231675.245234.8515.0544.81037.27161272.6271675.27235.1515.0494.81517.26671272.832252.4494751.4837.7456.56712.833388.54251576.139227.8414.5894.84927.13311317.22316.2575.018236.6815.1674.84157.35831261.52716.2575.044236.9815.1624.84587.3531261.83225.52.382757.8437.9976.52412.624394.162515.2575.922229.6214.7074.8067.1251306.32316.574.788238.5315.284.88127.4581250.52716.574.815238.8315.2754.88527.4524125132262.3192764.138.246.486812.442399.612515.575.703231.414.8234.78957.14921295.12316.7574.556240.4115.3934.92727.56831239.82716.7574.584240.715.3884.93097.56231240.33226.52.2602770.2838.4766.454512.283404.922515.7575.481233.1914.9374.79347.1991283.9231774.32242.3215.5064.97777.68721229.3271774.349242.6115.5014.9817.68081229.832272.2048776.3938.7046.426312.142410.09251675.25823515.0514.81277.26921272.72317.2574.082244.2615.6195.03117.81311218.92717.2574.11244.5415.6145.03427.80631219.63227.52.1526782.4338.9266.401612.018415.142516.2575.031236.8315.1654.84367.35561261.62317.573.839246.2315.7325.08647.94481208.82717.573.869246.5115.7285.08927.93751209.532282.1032788.4139.1416.379911.907420.082516.574.802238.6815.2784.88327.45521250.72317.7573.594248.2315.8465.14278.08131198.82717.7573.624248.5115.8415.14538.07361199.73228.52.0564794.3439.3516.360811.808424.912516.7574.57240.5615.3914.9297.56531240231873.344250.2715.965.19938.22191189.1271873.375250.5515.9555.20168.21371189.932292.012800.2239.5566.343911.719429.65251774.335242.4615.5044.97937.6841229.62318.2573.091252.3416.0755.25578.3661179.42718.2573.123252.6216.0695.25788.35741180.43229.51.9697806.0639.7556.32911.638434.32517.2574.096244.415.6175.03267.80971219.32318.572.834254.4516.1895.31148.51331169.92718.572.866254.7316.1845.31338.50421170.932301.9294811.8639.956.315811.565438.872517.573.854246.3715.735.08787.94111209.22318.7572.573256.616.3055.36618.66341160.52718.7572.606256.8716.2995.36798.65381161.62517.7573.609248.3715.8445.1448.07741199.3231972.307258.7816.425.41978.81621151.1271972.341259.0616.4155.42138.8061152.3251873.36250.4115.9585.20058.21781189.52319.2572.037261.0116.5375.47198.97161141.82719.2572.072261.2816.5315.47338.96081143.12518.2573.107252.4816.0725.25678.36171179.92319.571.762263.2716.6535.52269.12951132.62719.571.798263.5416.6475.52389.1181133.92518.572.85254.5916.1875.31248.50871170.42319.7571.483265.5716.7715.57179.291123.42719.7571.519265.8416.7655.57289.27781124.72518.7572.589256.7316.3025.3678.65861161232071.199267.9116.8895.61929.45321114.1272071.236268.1816.8825.62019.44031115.6251972.324258.9216.4185.42058.81111151.72320.2570.909270.317.0075.6659.61921104.92720.2570.947270.5617.0015.66589.60551106.42519.2572.054261.1416.5345.47268.96621142.52320.570.614272.7217.1265.70929.78831095.62720.570.654272.9817.125.70999.77371097.12519.571.78263.416.655.52329.12381133.22320.7570.314275.1917.2465.75179.96061086.22720.7570.354275.4417.2395.75239.94511087.82519.7571.501265.716.7685.57229.28391124.1232170.008277.717.3665.792710.1371076.8272170.049277.9517.3595.793210.121078.5252071.217268.0416.8855.61969.44671114.82321.2569.695280.2617.4875.832110.3161067.22721.2569.738280.517.485.832510.29910692520.2570.928270.4317.0045.66549.61231105.62321.569.377282.8617.6095.8710.5011057.62721.569.421283.117.6025.870310.4821059.42520.570.634272.8517.1235.70959.78091096.42321.7569.051285.5117.7315.906510.691047.82721.7569.097285.7417.7245.906610.671049.72520.7570.334275.3217.2425.7529.95281087232268.719288.2117.8555.941710.8841037.9272268.766288.4417.8475.941610.8631039.8252170.028277.8317.3635.792910.1281077.6Liquid2322.0168.722288.417.8575.94310.8851038.22722.2568.428291.1817.9715.975311.0621029.82521.2569.717280.3817.4845.832310.3081068.1Vapor2322.011.9977724.837.7996.680612.963363.272722.568.082293.9718.0956.007811.2671019.62521.569.399282.9817.6055.870210.4911058.52322.251.9673727.8937.9396.649912.833366.19Liquid2722.6467.899295.6218.1636.025511.3781014.42521.7569.074285.6317.7285.906610.681048.82322.51.9368731.0838.0816.620412.708369.17Vapor2722.642.3162727.2237.3346.720413.339365.85252268.742288.3217.8515.941610.8741038.92322.751.9075734.2538.2216.593212.592372.112722.752.2997728.6837.3986.704913.268367.232522.2568.404291.0617.9755.975411.0731028.823231.8793737.3838.3586.568112.48637527232.2631731.9837.5426.671713.117370.31Liquid2522.33468.304292.0718.0145.986511.13410262323.251.8521740.4938.4926.544812.387377.842723.252.2279735.2437.6836.641112.978373.33Vapor2522.3342.1571726.137.5586.700713.15364.632323.51.8258743.5738.6246.523312.295380.642723.52.1942738.4737.8216.612912.85376.32522.52.1341728.2737.6556.678413.052366.672323.751.8004746.6438.7546.503312.21383.42723.752.1617741.6737.9576.586812.731379.222522.752.1006731.5137.7986.64712.914369.7123241.7759749.6838.8826.484812.131386.1227242.1304744.8438.0896.562612.622382.0925232.0683734.7237.9386.618112.786372.692523.252.0374737.9138.0766.591312.669375.622523.52.0075741.0638.2116.566612.561378.52523.751.9788744.1938.3436.543712.46381.3425241.951747.2938.4736.522512.367384.13FluidPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_sPressureTempDensityEnthalpyEntropyC_vC_pv_spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/spsiaKkg/m^3J/gJ/gJ/g-KJ/g-Km/sHelium454137.839.54623.12612.4113.6397222.731841318.80433.28632.48334.2589194.242204159.5615.722.65912.14292.6276316.98324134.879.16353.19472.44293.8724210.3454.513011.5853.60522.51334.5928204.68Liquid184.454119.9311.1323.83562.59356.4518166.282204.5156.2317.1192.98822.26092.962312.04324.5125.5211.3933.71832.54955.2154187.78455118.3814.3044.17652.59456.6359178.67Vapor184.45420.79730.4328.16873.189510.541100.682205152.4118.6813.31712.33663.2888306.57325107.8914.9484.46272.663711.203148.67455.591.50719.7095.19732.756621.41134.12184.520.13530.9048.27423.18799.9938102.312205.5148.120.4123.64672.39953.638300.15Liquid325.162385.70718.7195.20132.7985114.41117.345645.46931.5047.25923.005915.065122.7918515.67935.1349.16783.15547.5219116.142206143.2922.3253.97952.46014.0232292.63Vapor325.162353.21225.026.42182.9718146.66104.02456.534.11937.3488.19763.04699.6495133.34185.513.2438.6669.84163.13046.7109126.562206.5137.9824.4424.31812.52114.4507284.04325.531.45632.7117.8793.073911.947115.245728.5741.7078.84443.0638.0216142.8518611.58941.90810.4063.11676.2979135.342207132.1726.7834.66492.58274.9226274.6332624.51537.578.72673.08598.3884127.71457.524.99245.5049.36863.07347.2445151.21186.510.36444.9910.93.11036.0491143.132207.5125.8429.3715.02182.64395.4332264.81326.520.81241.4519.34863.0887.2872137.645822.39949.0049.82053.08186.7898158.731879.405247.97111.3423.10795.8842150.222208119.0532.2195.38932.70425.961255.1832718.32144.9449.86663.09036.7365146.08458.520.39552.3210.2233.08916.4917165.62187.58.627450.88311.7433.10775.7676156.82208.5111.9235.3285.7662.76296.4618246.48327.516.47348.22310.3193.09346.4047153.6445918.7855.5110.5873.09546.2814172.021887.980453.74412.1133.10855.6813162.972209104.6538.6676.14762.81916.8763239.4132815.02451.36710.7253.09716.1831160.55459.517.4458.6110.9233.10096.1254178.03188.57.431556.56712.4553.10995.615168.812209.597.51942.1826.52762.87167.1595234.41328.513.84554.41711.0953.10086.025166.96451016.30461.64211.2343.10576.0051183.721896.958859.36112.7743.11145.5627174.382201090.76845.8036.89912.91917.3065231.4832912.8657.39911.4363.10445.9066172.984510.515.32664.61911.5243.10985.9095189.14189.56.546562.13213.0743.11285.5204179.7122010.584.5649.477.25692.96097.3455230.33329.512.02260.32811.7533.10775.8149178.69451114.47167.55411.7973.11335.8319194.3318106.183264.88313.3563.11425.4855184.842201178.95853.1377.59812.99677.3131230.54321011.29863.21712.0493.11065.7417184.134511.513.71670.45312.0553.11635.7676199.311810.55.860367.61813.6233.11555.4564189.7922011.573.95156.7767.92163.02697.2387231.753210.510.66466.07212.3283.11325.6821189.33451213.04473.32312.2993.11895.7135204.1218115.571170.3413.8763.11655.4317194.582201269.49660.3728.22773.05227.1422233.67321110.10368.912.5913.11555.6326194.344512.512.44176.16812.5323.1215.6674208.781811.55.310473.0514.1173.11755.4105199.2322012.565.53263.9178.51713.07317.0358236.093211.59.602571.70612.843.11745.591199.18451311.89578.99212.7533.12285.6277213.2918125.07475.75114.3473.11835.3922203.752201361.99867.4088.7913.09056.9272238.8632129.152974.49213.0773.1195.5554203.864513.511.39981.79712.9653.12435.5931217.671812.54.858678.44314.5673.1195.3761208.1522013.558.83870.8449.05043.10496.8208241.883212.58.746477.26213.3033.12045.5247208.4451410.94584.58613.1683.12565.5627221.9418134.661481.12714.7783.11965.362212.442201456.00174.2299.29663.11696.7192245.0632138.376680.01813.523.12165.498212.814514.510.52987.3613.3623.12665.5359226.111813.54.480183.80514.983.12015.3495216.6322014.553.44277.5659.53073.12696.6236248.363213.58.038682.76113.7273.12265.4746217.11451510.14590.12213.553.12755.512230.1718144.312886.47715.1743.12055.3384220.732201551.12680.8549.75373.13536.5346251.7332147.728385.49313.9253.12345.4539221.314515.59.790292.87313.733.12825.4906234.151814.54.157989.14415.3613.12095.3284224.7522015.549.01984.19.96663.14226.4522255.143214.57.442288.21514.1163.12415.4354225.445169.460595.61313.9043.12885.4714238.0418154.014191.80615.5423.12115.3195228.692201647.09487.30710.173.1486.3763258.5632157.177590.92814.33.12465.4189229.414516.59.153498.34414.0723.12925.454241.851815.53.880294.46315.7163.12145.3114232.5522016.545.3390.47810.3653.15296.3064261.993215.56.931993.63414.4783.12515.4041233.3445178.8667101.0714.2353.12965.4382245.618163.755197.11715.8853.12155.304236.342201743.70593.61510.5533.15696.2421265.4132166.703296.33314.6493.12555.3907237.184517.58.5982103.7814.3923.12995.4239249.271816.53.63899.76816.0483.12175.2974240.0622017.542.20596.72110.7333.16036.183268.83216.56.489799.02514.8153.12585.3786240.9645188.3462106.4914.5453.13015.4107252.8818173.5281102.4116.2063.12185.2912243.722201840.81599.79810.9063.1636.1286272.1832176.2899101.7114.9753.1265.3676244.664518.58.1093109.1914.6933.13025.3987256.431817.53.4249105.0616.3593.12195.2857247.3222018.539.522102.8511.0733.16536.0784275.523217.56.1025104.3915.1313.12625.3575248.345197.8859111.8914.8373.13035.3877259.9218183.3276107.716.5083.12195.2805250.862201938.317105.8811.2353.16726.032278.8332185.9263107.0715.2823.12635.3482251.884519.57.675114.5814.9773.13045.3775263.351818.53.2358110.3416.6523.12195.2758254.3622019.537.191108.8811.3913.16875.9892282.113218.55.7603109.7415.4283.12645.3397255.4145207.4756117.2715.1133.13045.368266.7418193.149112.9816.7933.1225.2714257.792202036.135111.8711.5423.175.9495285.3632195.6036112.4115.573.12645.3319258.874520.57.2866119.9515.2453.13045.3593270.071819.53.0668115.6116.933.1225.2674261.1922020.535.143114.8311.6893.17095.9127288.563219.55.4554115.0715.7093.12645.3247262.2945217.1072122.6315.3743.13035.3512273.3618202.9889118.2417.0633.12195.2637264.532202134.21117.7811.8313.17165.8785291.7332205.3152117.7315.8433.12645.318265.664521.56.9367125.315.53.13035.3437276.61820.52.9149120.8717.1933.12195.2602267.8322021.533.329120.7111.9693.17225.8467294.873220.55.1821120.3915.9753.12645.3118268.9745226.7745127.9715.6233.13025.3367279.818212.8445123.517.323.12195.257271.082202232.497123.6312.1033.17255.817297.9732215.0557123.0516.1033.12635.3061272.254522.56.6199130.6415.7423.13015.3301282.961821.52.7775126.1317.4443.12185.2539274.33221.54.9355125.716.2273.12635.3007275.4845236.4725133.315.863.12995.324286.0818222.7137128.7617.5643.12185.2511277.4832224.8209128.3516.3493.12625.2957278.674523.56.3316135.9615.9743.12985.3182289.173222.54.7117130.9916.4683.12615.2911281.8245246.1969138.6216.0863.12975.3129292.2132234.6075133.6416.5843.1265.2867284.934524.56.0679141.2716.1953.12955.3078295.233223.54.5078136.2816.6983.12595.2826288.0145255.9444143.9316.3033.12945.303298.232244.4124138.9216.8093.12585.2788291.054525.55.8259146.5816.4083.12925.2986301.153224.54.3211141.5616.9183.12575.2751294.0545265.7121149.2316.513.12915.2944304.0632254.2336144.217.0253.12565.2717297.034526.55.6028151.8716.6113.12895.2904306.953225.54.1495146.8317.1293.12555.2686299.9745275.4976154.5216.713.12875.2866309.832264.0688149.4617.2313.12545.2655302.884527.55.3965157.1616.8073.12865.2831312.633226.53.9913152.117.3313.12525.2627305.7645285.299159.816.9023.12845.2797315.4332273.9166154.7317.433.12515.26308.614528.55.2051162.4416.9963.12825.2765318.23227.53.8448157.3617.5263.1255.2574311.4445295.1145165.0817.0873.1285.2735320.9532283.7756159.9817.6213.12495.255314.244529.55.0271167.7117.1773.12795.2706323.673228.53.7089162.6117.7143.12475.2528317.0145304.9426170.3517.2663.12775.2678326.3732293.6445165.2417.8053.12465.2506319.763229.53.5823167.8617.8953.12455.2485322.4832303.5223170.4917.9833.12445.2466325.17Calculate the mass flow from difference in enthalpy for a2500W tgtIf Pi=15 atm and Ti=15K, then H=80.854J/gIf Pf= 3 atm and Tf=5K, then H=14.304J/gdH=66.55J/gdm/dt=37.5657400451g/sIf Pi= 3 atm and Ti=4K, then H=9.5462J/gIf Pf=1.2 atm and Tf=19K, then H=112.98J/gdH=103.4338J/gdm/dt=24.1700488622g/s

ALLPROPS Tables000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000

23 psia25 psia27 psiaTemp (K)density (kg/m^3)23 psia LH2 density vs temp

Conversionsenter red cells. Calculate black cells.Pressure conversions:Temperature Conversions:Pa =kPaN/m^2psiaatmin. H20cm-Hglb/ft^2KCFR1.50E+021.50E+052.18E+011.48E+006.02E+021.13E+023.13E+030.00-273.15-459.671.00E-031.00E+001.45E-049.86E-064.02E-037.50E-042.09E-020.15-273.00-459.42.28E+022.28E+053.30E+012.24E+009.14E+021.71E+024.75E+03310.153798.601.01E+021.01E+051.47E+011.00E+004.07E+027.60E+012.12E+031.01E+021.01E+051.47E+011.00E+004.07E+027.61E+012.12E+031.02E+021.02E+051.47E+011.00E+004.07E+027.61E+012.12E+031.02E+021.02E+051.47E+011.00E+004.08E+027.62E+012.12E+03Density Conversions:Power Conversions:kg/m^3g/cm^3lb/ft^3lb/in^3slug/ft^3BTUergft-lbhp-hrJcalkw-hreVoz-in1.000.0010.062430.000036130.001941.001.06E+10777.90.000392910552520.0002936585000000000000000000149356.811.00E-030.062430.000036130.001941.00E+001.06E+10778.090974450.00039299651055.2590025252.0618660.00029307196586616617499999000000149393.46709441.00012860.00100012866.24E-020.00003613460.00194024951.00E+001.05E+107.78E+020.00039283981054.8384817875251.96141934640.00029295516583991850777925000000149393.46709441.00020701010.0010002070.06244292363.61E-050.00194040161.00E+001.05E+10777.72684942383.93E-041054.765170513251.94390802780.00029293486583534263344295000000149323.5550893641.00008298440.0010000830.06243518070.0000361331.94E-031.00E+001.06E+10777.91778136530.0003929091.05E+03252.00576025720.00029300676585150521005946000000149360.2140221381.00E+001.05E+10777.86799462730.00039288381054.9565938192.52E+020.00029298796584729071372602000000149350.6549684411.00E+001.05E+10777.87499543920.00039288741054.9660884283251.99189979522.93E-046584788333934246000000149351.9991243361.00E+001.06E+10778.07840975060.00039299011055.2419620605252.0577956770.00029306726.58E+21149391.0546721073.35E-043.53E+062.60E-010.00000013150.35304036460.0843281250.00000009822035742187500000005.00E+01

&L&D &T&C&F&R&P

ConstantsTo get the value of a physical constant of a given gas:DesiredDesiredGasConstantDesiredConstantIndexGasIndexConstantValue12H2 equilibrium1Pressure Upper Limit012H2 equilibrium2Temp upper limit012H2 equilibrium3temp lower limit012H2 equilibrium4gas constant R012H2 equilibrium5critical pressure012H2 equilibrium6critical temp012H2 equilibrium7critical density012H2 equilibrium8triple point pressure012H2 equilibrium9triple point temp (m.p.)012H2 equilibrium10triple point vapor density012H2 equilibrium11triple point liquid density012H2 equilibrium12molecular weight012H2 equilibrium13pressure of the standard state012H2 equilibrium14accentric factor0

&L&D &T&C&F&R&P

ChartH2 equilibrium Gas at 175 kPa Press.

&L&D &T&C&F&R&P

Chart0.0761414790.07570518460.07526001450.07480447220.074337220.07385702880.07336272990.07285317140.07232717770.07178350990.0712208260.07063763930.07003227020.06940279050.06874695450.00217245560.00210504370.00204274190.0019848810.00193091020.00188037930.00183291480.00178819540.0017459581

Density g/cm^3Temp (K)Density (g/cm^3)

0.0761414790.07570518460.07526001450.07480447220.074337220.07385702880.07336272990.07285317140.07232717770.07178350990.0712208260.07063763930.07003227020.06940279050.06874695450.00217245560.00210504370.00204274190.0019848810.00193091020.00188037930.00183291480.00178819540.0017459581

Density g/cm^3Pressure (kPa)Density (g/cm^3)

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