Cross Reference Listing -...

OVARC Linux SIG Newsletter Issue 012 January 2018

This newsletter, as well as the OVARC monthly newsletters will be available here when published:http://w7hd.ddns.net/newsletter/index.htm

Purpose of the Linux SIG:• Provide a venue for Linux users to help users• Publish a monthly newsletter with user-desired content on the Tuesday preceding the 2nd

Saturday of each month• Publish occasional hints and kinks that may later also appear in the regular newsletter• Publish links to articles of interest to the group• Maintain the groups.io site (home: https://groups.io/g/linuxsig ).

Cross Reference ListingGroups.io/g/linuxsig useful links:

MAC FLDIGI HANGS ON STARTUPFLDIGI TIPS AND TRICKS

SETTING RECEIVE LEVELSet up GQRX and FLDIGIMAKING A DEB FILE FROM YOUR FLDIGI INSTALLATION

UDEV RULEScall sign lookupPACKET MODES FOR LINUXReducing SD Card Writes With RaspbianBeacon referencesPACKET MODES FOR LINUXEDITORS NOTES

Cross Reference Listing of 22 Edited by Ron Herring W7HD

http://w7hd.ddns.net/newsletter/index.htm

https://groups.io/g/linuxsig


MAC FLDIGI HANGS ON STARTUP

I had a similar problem. This may sound silly, but:

a) do a cold reboot - turn off the computer altogether. Turn back on. On the start up chime, hold down the shift key until you get a screen. The Mac will look weird for a few extra long minutes, but it is repairing stuff behind the scenes. You won’t be able to do much with your applications in the start-up mode. NOTE: it will require your administrative password to see the screen.

b) Restart the computer. (not holding down the shift key; just a regular restart). Your problem should beokay. (Apple tech support did this with me.) Hope this works!73 de Curt, K3URT

On Dec 18, 2017, at 1:13 PM, Jay Burgherr <[email protected]> wrote:

Hello All. I'm running OSX High Sierra and have tried to install and run FLDigi 4.0.12. Ithangs on Launch on my P7 iMac. I have to "Force Quit" the application. Only the icon shows in the dock. FLDigi runs fine on my Macbook Pro. I'm wondering if I have a botched install on the iMac. Is there a known fix or a real un-installer that cleans up previous installs?

DE N0FB – Jay


mailto:[email protected]


FLDIGI TIPS AND TRICKS

SETTING RECEIVE LEVEL

Supposedly fldigi is good to go onreceive if the receive diamond justto the left of the AFC is green. Ifyou click the WF button twice,bottom left of the waterfall, thereceived SIGnal display shouldideally be 1/2 - 3/4 the height of thedisplay, when normal lookingsignals are on the waterfall, for thebest decode. Much higher you can get distortion and poor decode.

In my experience 7070 is more active than 7030. Not much on either one this morning in E. Texas.

73,Cliff, AE5ZA



Set up GQRX and FLDIGI

You must install PAVUCONTROL to get thisfunctionality in Linux.sudo apt install pavucontrolNow open the PulseAudio Volume Control iconto display the Playback devices and scroll downuntil you see GQRX. Make sure it is set toBuilt-in Audio Analog Stereo. In FLDIGI configuration for the audio device,select default, and you will see the GQRXoutput in FLDIGI.

Ron W7HD



Screenshot showing GQRX receiving the AO-73 telemetry and displayed in FLDIGI.

MAKING A DEB FILE FROM YOUR FLDIGI INSTALLATION

First, install alien from your distribution.sudo apt install alienalien --help produces this:Usage: alien [options] file [...] file [...] Package file or files to convert. -d, --to-deb Generate a Debian deb package (default). Enables these options: --patch=<patch> Specify patch file to use instead of automatically looking for patch in /var/lib/alien. --nopatch Do not use patches. --anypatch Use even old version os patches. -s, --single Like --generate, but do not create .orig directory. --fixperms Munge/fix permissions and owners. --test Test generated packages with lintian. -r, --to-rpm Generate a Red Hat rpm package. --to-slp Generate a Stampede slp package. -l, --to-lsb Generate a LSB package.



-t, --to-tgz Generate a Slackware tgz package. Enables these options: --description=<desc> Specify package description. --version=<version> Specify package version. -p, --to-pkg Generate a Solaris pkg package. -i, --install Install generated package. -g, --generate Generate build tree, but do not build package. -c, --scripts Include scripts in package. --target=<arch> Set architecture of the generated package. -v, --verbose Display each command alien runs. --veryverbose Be verbose, and also display output of run commands. -k, --keep-version Do not change version of generated package. --bump=number Increment package version by this number. -h, --help Display this help message. -V, --version Display alien's version number.

So you would be able to build the deb file like this:ronh@asuspc ~/flwrk $ sudo alien -d fldigi-4.0.12.tar.gz[sudo] password for ronh: fldigi_4.0.12-2_all.deb generated

This has the added advantage that it creates menu items for you.

Ron W7HD

UDEV RULES

On Mon, 18 Dec 2017 19:37:47 +0000"pete nikolic [email protected] [FT-857]" <[email protected]>wrote:

> idVendor 0x2100 RT Systems> idProduct 0x0e56

They are the important bits

http://freebsd.1045724.x6.nabble.com/How-to-access-a-FTDI-usb-device-with-a-custom-vendor-and-product-id-s-td6051669.htmlthis post does have an answer - don't read all the BSD stuff, but thewriter says

In Linux, using a udev rule, the cableworks correctly with a command like the following:

modprobe ftdi_sio vendor=0x2100 product=0x9e56



or a udev rule similar to the following:

SYSFS{idVendor}=="2100", SYSFS{idProduct}=="9e56", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe-q ftdi_sio vendor=0x2100 product=0x9e56"

LizVK2XSELike what Liz said, at the command line, try the following as an initial test:

#Remove any existing FTDI kernel modules before you start - Hopefully this won't give you any errors sudo rmmod ftdi_sio

#Load the FTDI module but telling it to look at NON-standard USB VID:PIDs sudo modprobe ftdi_sio vendor=0x2100 product=0x9e56

#Hopefully your RT cable will show up as a /dev/ttyUSB* port dmesg

--DavidKI6ZHD

I have an issue with call sign lookup (4.0.12 / Linux Mint) trying to use ipv6 addresses. There also appears to be a problem selecting which service to use e.g. when callook.info is selected the status_ og entry is an ipv6 fail to hamcall.net. Note that qrz.com lookup does work.

Andy

callook.info is selectedI: CALLSIGNquery: Request sent to http://www.hamcall.net/I: open: Trying [2600:3c03::f03c:91ff:fe73:b7f3]:80E: connect: Connect to [2600:3c03::f03c:91ff:fe73:b7f3]:80 failed: 101, Network is unreachableI: close: sockfd 61_._,_._,_On Sat, 16 Dec 2017 15:11:04 -0800"K3JSE" <[email protected]> wrote:

Thanks for the reply Ed. I reread my post and saw it was not veryclear . I don't have have ipv6 connectivity at my QTH, only ipv4,but the call sign look up function is apparently trying to use anipv6 address and failing. qrz look up uses an ipv4 address and worksfine. It's possible Mint has ipv6 enabled, if so I will try todisable it. I have three colleagues reporting exactly the same issuewith Xubuntu and Mint.

Andy




Both are set to automatic by default. Disabling ipv6 doesn'thelp.

Ed W3NR

Solved… I added the following lines to /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1 net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1 net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1

Now using ipv4 addresses

Thanks, Andy _._,_._,_Andy,

Thank you for this.Fixed one of my frustrations lately as I don’t have ipV6 either.

I had to do a:

sudo service networking restart

for it to take effect.

PACKET MODES FOR LINUX


Now, one inexpensive USB soundcard that I have had good luck which are also recommended by programs like Direwolf are the Syba SD-CM-UAUD units using the C-Media CM119 chipset

These units show up as the following in the output from "dmesg"

usb 2-1.3.3: new full-speed USB device number 13 using ehci-pci

usb 2-1.3.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0d8c, idProduct=0008

usb 2-1.3.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0

usb 2-1.3.3: Product: C-Media USB Audio Device

input: C-Media USB Audio Device as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3.3/2-1.3.3:1.3/input/input19



These units do NOT have the RF emissions on 144.0Mhz and theywork well with lowend Linux machines like Raspberry Pi's, etc. They also don't have the very low level mixer issues seen by the cheap CM-109 units.

http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/hampacketizing-centos.html#2c.kernelnavigatorudev

As of 04/27/17, Direwolf is at version 1.4 (final release version) and is availableat https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf specifically download it at:

https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/archive/1.4.tar.gz

For those of you interested in the Raspberry Pi version, check out the following

URL for specific Raspberry Pi documentation for Direwolf:

http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/RPi/rpi2-setup.html

and

https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/tree/master/doc

Let's get started in installing Direwolf:

# Download the source and the required patch

cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES

wget -O direwolf-1.4.tar.gz https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/archive/1.4.tar.gz

wget -O direwolf-1.4-makefile.patch http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/direwolf-1.4-makefile.patch

cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS

wget -O direwolf-1.4.spec http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/usr/src/redhat/SPECS/direwolf-1.4.spec

#Now build and install it

rpmbuild -bb --target=x86_64 direwolf-1.4.spec



sudo rpm -Uvh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/direwolf-1.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Ok, you’re set! Now to configure Direwolf.

Back in the 1980s and 90s, amateur radio developers adapted the BELL 202 1200bps modem design for radio use. To support this, external hardware TNCs were created such as TAPR TNC1/2, Kantronics KPC line, AEA PK232, etc. These devices created aninterface to a radio to support the AX.25 packet protocol. This was similar to theneed for supporting HF modes like RTTY, Amtor, etc) though these HF modes were actually simpler since they didn't have the AX.25 stack. The great advancements incomputer CPU performance has allowed the ability to use an inexpensive soundcard toconnect direct to a radio and use software to do *all* TNC functionality internally. In many respects, a lot of technology has come into amateur technologybut not for packet radio. This might be changing though with new modem designs that avoid using FM as a base modulation. Check out David Rowetel's write up on advancing past AFSK1200 at http://www.rowetel.com/?p=3799 . It's a great read!

Anyway, back on topic!

One of the first software-TNCs for Linux was Thomas Sailer's "soundmodem" which can support multiple simultaneous radios running at 300 / 1200 / 2400 / and even 9600 baud. Up until *very* recently, it was the only Linux option around and though it worked pretty well for VHF, it didn't work well for HF. Fortunately, things have changed and now there are options.

HF Packet

---------

It's generally understood that Tom Sailer's stock soundmodem 300baud performance on HF is rather POOR. Some patches have been submitted to the linuxhams Vger list to improve it but I personally didn't notice any real improvement. Soundmodem does work pretty well on VHF but it it's known to have limitations on decoding weaker signals, doesn't decode mistuned TNCs very well, etc. One of strongest emerging programs to replace it on Linux is John Langner's Direwolf. Its been found that Direwolf's decode performance is significantly better in weak signal and mis-tuned environments.

VHF Packet

----------

I've been doing various research on SoftTNC decoding for VHF packet and it seems that Tom Sailer's soundmodem packet doesn't perform nearly as well as some ofthese other solutions. Some reasons include:

- Single and multi-bit error correction



- per-packet multi-pass flat and 6db/octavefiltering

- multiple off-frequency decoders

There are several other soft-TNC solutions out there. Here is a list of the ones I'm aware of:

• DireWolf for Linux - RECOMMENDED - https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf

• Native ALSA application (no support for PortAudio) though compatible with PulseAudio's "default" device

• Written in C and runs on Linux (x86 and ARM), Windows (x86), and Mac OSX

• Originally designed to support 1200 baud packet but now supports 300BAUD AFSK for HF, 2400baud (PSK), 4800baud (QPSK), 9600 and 19200baud (H3RUH) packet too

• Supports open-squelch operation

• Supports off frequency decodes via running multiple decoders (higher CPU load)

• Supports 1bit and multi-bit recovery options for excellent weak signal decodes

• Has an interesting design where it supports it's own fully featured AX.25 stack to natively support UI packets for APRS (RX/TX) while simultaneously supporting AGW/PE API connections for full AX.25 connected sessions, low level KISS interfacing say to the Linux kernel's AX.25 stack via a serial emulated connection and also TCP-KISS

• TCP-KISS over TCP/IP support APRX, UI-Chat, and other program support

• AGW/PE support for non-connected frames (APRS, etc)

• Native IGATE support for relaying APRS packets to the Internet

• Directly supports digipeating and beaconing directly, intended for APRS use

• Directly supports APRStt for sending APRS objects from any DTMF enabled radio

• STDOUT display shows very helpful, color-coded live APRS decodes including showing RX audio levels (great for tuning), 1bit/multi-bit recovery details, etc.



• - Supports GPS location via the gpsd packages

• See in the back of the DireWolf UserGuide.pdf where it has a benchmark tableof various decode rates from different software TNCs. This includes showingLinux's Soundmodem poorer decode rate. Direwolf approaches 990 decoded packets from WA8LMF's Track 2

• http://wa8lmf.net/TNCtest/index.htm which is better than a Kantronics KPC3+

Reducing SD Card Writes With RaspbianA common concern of those running applications on a Raspberry Pi is SD Card exhaustion. It seems that after some amount of write activity, some SD cards fail to record further data. I first noticed this on an APRS system when system updates disappeared upon reboot.

The systemd journal is a useful tool that has largely replaced the syslog in modern Linux systems. It can also be redirected from the SD card to volatile memory. Note that by changing this you will reducethe number of SD card writes but your journal will not survive reboots.

The key to changing the storage location of the journal is found in /etc/systemd/journald.conf. Look for this line:

[Journal]#Storage=auto

A common concern of those running applications on a Raspberry Pi is SD Card exhaustion. It seems that after some amount of write activity, some SD cards fail to record further data. I first noticed this on an APRS system when system updates disappeared upon reboot.

The systemd journal is a useful tool that has largely replaced the syslog in modern Linux systems. It can also be redirected from the SD card to volatile memory. Note that by changing this you will reducethe number of SD card writes but your journal will not survive reboots.

The key to changing the storage location of the journal is found in /etc/systemd/journald.conf. Look for this line:

[Journal]#Storage=auto



Uncomment the line by removing the #. Change auto to volatile:

[Journal]Storage=volatile

Restart the systemd journal and your journal data will be written to /run/log, which is memory resident.

sudo systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

Only use good quality SD cards such, such as the SanDisk Ultra Class 10 memory cards.

I recently had one that failed but was pleased when the SanDisk warranty program replaced the card at no charge.

Update: The default for Debian/Raspbian Stretch now seems to be to write the systemd-journal to /run/log, making this unnecessary (if you’re running Stretch)! For more info on how this works, see https://manpages.debian.org/stretch/systemd/systemd-journald.service.8.en.html.


https://manpages.debian.org/stretch/systemd/systemd-journald.service.8.en.html

https://kb.sandisk.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5232/

https://kb.sandisk.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5232/

https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B01ATK1TFA/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B01ATK1TFA&linkCode=as2&tag=k0a5c-20&linkId=e7d9dd091a50e109fb068e195f6324c4



Now, one inexpensive USB soundcard that I have had good luck which are also

recommended by programs like Direwolf are the Syba SD-CM-UAUD units using the

C-Media CM119 chipset:

These units show up as the following in the output from "dmesg":

usb 2-1.3.3: new full-speed USB device number 13 using ehci-pci

usb 2-1.3.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0d8c, idProduct=0008

usb 2-1.3.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0

usb 2-1.3.3: Product: C-Media USB Audio Device

input: C-Media USB Audio Device as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb2/2-1/2-1.3/2-1.3.3/2-1.3.3:1.3/input/input19

These units do NOT have the RF emissions on 144.0Mhz and they work well

with lowend Linux machines like Raspberry Pi's, etc. They also don't have

the very low level mixer issues seen by the cheap CM-109 units.

http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/hampacketizing-centos.html#2c.kernelnavigatorudev



As of 04/27/17, Direwolf is at version 1.4 (final release version) and isavailable at

https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf

specifically download it at:

https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/archive/1.4.tar.gz

For those of you interested in the Raspberry Pi version, check out the following

URL for specific Raspberry Pi documentation for Direwolf:

http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/RPi/rpi2-setup.html

and

https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/tree/master/doc

Let's get started in installing Direwolf:

# Download the source and the required patch

cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES

wget -O direwolf-1.4.tar.gz https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf/archive/1.4.tar.gz

wget -O direwolf-1.4-makefile.patch http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES/direwolf-1.4-makefile.patch



cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS

wget -O direwolf-1.4.spec http://www.trinityos.com/HAM/CentosDigitalModes/usr/src/redhat/SPECS/direwolf-1.4.spec

#Now build and install it

rpmbuild -bb --target=x86_64 direwolf-1.4.spec

sudo rpm -Uvh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/direwolf-1.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Ok, your set! Now to configure Direwolf.

Back in the 1980s and 90s, amateur radio developers adapted the BELL 202 1200bps

modem design for radio use. To support this, external hardware TNCs where created

such as TAPR TNC1/2, Kantronics KPC line, AEA PK232, etc. These devices created an interface

to a radio to support the AX.25 packet protocol. This was similar to the need for supporting

HF modes like RTTY, Amtor, etc) though these HF modes were actually simipler since they

didn't have the AX.25 stack. The great advancements in computer CPU performance has allowed the

ability to use an inexpensive soundcard to connect direct to a radio and use software to do

*all* TNC functionality internally. In many respects, a lot of technology has come into

amateur technology but not for packet radio. This might be changing though with new modem

designs that avoid using FM as a base modulation. Check out David Rowetel's write up

on advancing past AFSK1200 at http://www.rowetel.com/?p=3799 . It's a great read!



Anyway, back on topic!

One of the first software-TNCs for Linux was Thomas Sailer's "soundmodem" which

can support multiple simultaneous radios running at 300 / 1200 / 2400 / and

even 9600 baud. Up until *very* recently, it was the only Linux option

around and though it worked pretty well for VHF, it didn't work well for

HF. Fortunately, things have changed and now there are options.

HF Packet

---------

It's generally understood that Tom Sailer's stock soundmodem 300baud performance

on HF rather is POOR. Some patches have been submitted to the linuxhams Vger

list to improve it but I personally didn't notice any real improvement. Soundmodem does

work pretty well on VHF but it it's known to have limitations on decoding weaker

signals, doesn't decode mistuned TNCs very well, etc. One of strongest emerging

programs to replace it on Linux is John Langner's Direwolf. Its been found that Direwolf's

decode performance is significantly better in weak signal and mis-tuned environments.

VHF Packet

----------

I've been doing various research on SoftTNC decoding for VHF packet and it



seems that Tom Sailer's soundmodem packet doesn't perform nearly aswell as

some of these other solutions. Some reasons include:

- Single and multi-bit error correction

- per-packet multi-pass flat and 6db/octave filtering

- multiple off-frequency decoders

There are several other soft-TNC solutions out there. Here is a list of the ones

I'm aware of:

- DireWolf for Linux - RECOMMENDED - https://github.com/wb2osz/direwolf

- Native ALSA application (no support for PortAudio) though compatible with

PulseAudio's "default" device

- Written in C and runs on Linux (x86 and ARM), Windows (x86), and Mac OSX

- Originally designed to support 1200 baud packet but now supports

300BAUD AFSK for HF, 2400baud (PSK), 4800baud (QPSK), 9600 and 19200baud

(H3RUH) packet too

- Supports open-squelch operation

- Supports off frequency decodes via running multiple decoders (higher CPU load)

- Supports 1bit and multi-bit recovery options for excellent weak signal decodes

- Has an interesting design where it supports it's own fully featured AX.25 stack



to natively support UI packets for APRS (RX/TX) whilesimultaneously supporting

AGW/PE API connections for full AX.25 connected sessions, low level KISS interfacing

say to the Linux kernel's AX.25 stack via a serial emulated connection and also

TCP-KISS

- TCP-KISS over TCP/IP support APRX, UI-Chat, and other program support

- AGW/PE support for non-connected frames (APRS, etc)

- Native IGATE support for relaying APRS packets to the Internet

- Directly supports digipeating and beaconing directly, intended

for APRS use

- Directly supports APRStt for sending APRS objects from any

DTMF enabled radio

- STDOUT display shows very helpful, color-coded live APRS decodes

including showing RX audio levels (great for tuning), 1bit/multi-bit

recovery details, etc.

- Supports GPS location via the gpsd packages

* See in the back of the DireWolf UserGuide.pdf

where it has a benchmark table of various decode rates from different

software TNCs. This includes showing Linux's Soundmodem poorer decode

rate. Direwolf approaches 990 decoded packets from WA8LMF's Track 2 -

http://wa8lmf.net/TNCtest/index.htm which is better than a Kantronics



KPC3+



Groups.io/g/linuxsig useful links:

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Beacon referencesK9MU 50mhz beacon map10 meter beacon listHF BeaconsNCDXF Beacon map


http://www.dxzone.com/cgi-bin/dir/jump2.cgi?ID=18091




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https://groups.io/g/linuxham

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EDITORS NOTES

If you have any ideas for articles, please submit them to [email protected]

Since this is a small group, lengths of up to 5 or more pages are permissible.

The distribution list will include all members of the Linux SIG. Encourage your friends to sign up for the Linux SIG, even if they can’t attend the monthly meeting on the 2nd Saturday of each monthat the EOC on Tangerine Road next to Walmart. All it takes is an email with your name, call (if you have one), and general location (e.g. Tucson Northwest, Picture Rocks, Catalina City, etc.) to [email protected] to join up.

To sign up to groups.io, send an email requesting membership to:

[email protected]

Note that both addresses get the newsletters.

Note the Z in the pictureformed by the clouds andrays from the setting sun.Zorro was here?

Enjoy,

Ron W7HD, NewsletterEditor

Tucson, AZ





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