Cross Cutting Strategies Climate Changeby Benoit Lebot UNDP Feb 2011 English

8/10/2019 Cross Cutting Strategies Climate Changeby Benoit Lebot UNDP Feb 2011 English

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GEF Focal Area & Cross Cutting Strategies

Climate Change Mitigation

[email protected]

GEF Expanded Constituency Workshop Central Africa Constituency

15-17 February, 2011 Hotel Memling, Kinshasa, DRC
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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2

Can we avoid Climate Change?

NO

Can we reduce Climate Change?

YES


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The International Context encouragesclimate change mitigation activities

The Cancun COP 16 confirms the target ofmaintaining global warming below 2 C

Each country to develop National AppropriateMitigation Actions (NAMAs )

The price of conventional energy is high & willcontinue to rise

Role of deforestation understood & accepted


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18%

1%

8%

14%

59%

World Greenhouse Gas Emissions

CH4

N2OF Gas

CO2From

Combustion

CO2FromLUCF


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64%

0%

11%

20% 5%

Mainstreaming CCRM into UNDP Core Activities- RBARR Cluster Meeting

Greenhouse gas emissions in Sub-Sahara countries

CH4

N2O

F Gas

CO2

CO2

FromLUCF


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Source: IPCC AR4, Synthesis Report (shares are for 2004)


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All sectors & regions have the potential to contribute

Note: estimates dont include non-technical options such as lifestyle changes


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1

2

3

4


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The goal of GEF Climate ChangeMitigation is to support countries toward

a low-carbon development path Promote low-carbon technologies

Promote energy efficiency Promote renewable energy Low-carbon urban transport Sustainable management land-use

change, & forestry (LULUCF) Enabling Activities & Capacity Building


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GEF 5 promotes low-carbontechnologies

1.Technologies demonstrated, deployed &transferred

2. Enabling policy environment and mechanisms

Prevision $300 M (out of $1 350 M GEF 5)


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GEF 5 promotes energy efficiency

1. Policy, legal and regulatory frameworks

2. Sustainable financing mechanisms



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GEF 5 promotes renewable energy

1. Policy and regulatory frameworks2. Increased investment in RE technologies



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GEF 5 promotes sustainable urbantransport

1. Legal and regulatory frameworks2. Increased investment in sustainable transport



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GEF 5 promotes the Conservation &enhancement of carbon stocks through

LULUCF

1. Good management practices in LULUCF2. Restoration and enhancement of carbon stocks

in forests and non-forest lands (peatlands)



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GEF 5 supports enabling activities &capacity building

1. National Communications and OtherObligations under the UNFCCC

2. Countries can also receive support forvulnerability & adaptation assessments,capacity building, and technology needsassessments



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GEF CC Mitigation & Carbon Finance(i) capacity building to help create enabling legal & regulatory

environments;

(ii) support of programmatic carbon finance & other activitiesunder the post-2012 climate regime;

(iii)demonstration of technical and financial viabilities oftechnologies;

(iv)partial risk guarantees and contingent financing for carbonfinance projects; and

(v) co-financing of innovative projects, with credits to be retained

in the recipient country for further project replication.


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Features of GEF & CDMGEF CDM

Mandate Financial mechanism ofUNFCCC

Market-based mechanism of KP

Objective To transform the marketstoward less-carbon-intensivepaths

To meet emissions targets for developedcountries and provide finances resources andtechnology for developing countries

Strategy Barrier removal; long-term;catalytic

Project based; focusing on direct emissionsreduction

Modality Upfront grant or concessionalfinancing for agreedincremental costs

Payment on delivery of emissions reduction(to improve project revenue streams)

Projecttype

Preventive measures toreduce/avoid CO2; primarilyRE, EE, and transport projects

End-of-pipe fixes to capture/decomposegases of high GWP (HFC, CH4); relatively fewRE, EE, transport projects

M&V Ex ante estimate; weak

traceability; self-reporting

Rigorous methodology; quantified,

monitored, verified, and certified


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What GEF has supported

GEF creates enabling legal, regulatoryenvironment; CF supports specificprojects.

GEF demonstrates technical andfinancial viability; CF replicates.

GEF provides partial risk guarantees;CF participates in project financing.

GEF provides funding from non-CCfocal areas; CF project earns creditsfrom reduced/avoided emissions.

What GEF has shied away from

o Creation and operation of DNAs

o CDM methodology development

o PIN/PDD development

o CDM project verification andcertification

o (Co-)Financing projects that earnCERs

GEF & CDM: Rule of Thumb in the Past


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Climate Change Mitigation under GEF 5

Focal Area Allocation $1,360 million

Under STAR $1,088 million

Contribution to Sustainable

Forest Management $100 million.


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As Climate Changes, Can We?

Kofi Annan, UN SGWednesday, November 8, 2006


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A


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Thank you for your kind [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Cross Cutting Strategies Climate Changeby Benoit Lebot UNDP Feb 2011 English

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