Cross-border management of natural resources

Ewa KochańskaRIC Pro-Akademia

Bioenergy for the Region Cluster

….but Nature Knows No Borders…..Source: http://www.economist.com

A G E N D A

1. Climate change2. Air pollution3. Renewable energy projects:#Energy-efficient resource management - common models for small towns on the example of Kętrzyn and Svetly#Renewable sources of energy- method of improving the quality of natural environment within the area of the Lubaczów District and Javoriv Region

3. Water Potection and Waste management projects:#Extension of the cross-border sewage treatment system in drainage area of the river Bug (Western)#Partnership for cross-border water protection in the area of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian

4. The Baltic Sea pollution projects: #Improvement of water quality of the Baltic Sea through the development of Phase I and Phase II#Baltic Master II

5. Protection of nature and biodiversity. Flora and fauna, Forests projects:#Optimisation of the role of the forest in the protection of water courses and humid zones

1.Human rights must be asserted, apartheid and colonialism condemned2. Natural resources must be safeguarded3. The Earth’s capacity to produce renewable resources must be maintained4. Wildlife must be safeguarded5. Non-renewable resources must be shared and not exhausted6. Pollution must not exceed the environment’s capacity to clean itself7. Damaging oceanic pollution must be prevented8. Development is needed to improve the environment9. Developing countries therefore need assistance10. Developing countries need reasonable prices for exports to carry out environmental management11. Environment policy must not hamper development12. Developing countries need money to develop environmental safeguards13. Integrated development planning is needed14. Rational planning should resolve conflicts between environment and development15. Human settlements must be planned to eliminate environmental problems16. Governments should plan their own appropriate population policies17. National institutions must plan development of states’ natural resources18. Science and technology must be used to improve the environment19. Environmental education is essential20. Environmental research must be promoted, particularly in developing countries21. States may exploit their resources as they wish but must not endanger others22. Compensation is due to states thus endangered23. Each nation must establish its own standards24. There must be cooperation on international issues25. International organizations should help to improve the environment26. Weapons of mass destruction must be eliminated

THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT,Stokholm, 1972

Article 174

Community policy on the environment shall contribute to pursuit of the followingobjectives:— preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment,— protecting human health,— prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources,— promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide

environmental problems.

THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION AND OF THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY

Climate change is not only an environmental problem.

It is also clearly a development problem since its adverse effects will disproportionately affect the countries, whose economies are predominantly based on natural resources and related economic sectors (agriculture, forestry and fisheries).

It is therefore in the general interest to promote, in the cross-border countries as well, sustainable trends in greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), the greatest culprits of climate change.

Extreme weather events – storms, floods, droughts and heat waves – becoming more frequent and more severe.

Climate change

Air pollution

Air pollutants, including fine particles and ozone precursors, can travel thousands of kilometers across the continent by air. In many cities, only a part of local air pollution is generated by the city itself.

European air pollutant concentrations still frequently exceed limit values set by the EU Air Quality Directives. Many Member States have either not complied, or will not comply by the required target dates, with legally-binding air quality limits set for the protection of human health.

Only 14 European countries expect to comply with national 2010 emission ceilings for four pollutants (NOx, NMVOC, SO2 and NH3) set under EU and international legislation. The ceiling for nitrogen oxides (NOx) remains by far the most difficult for many countries to meet – 12 countries estimate they will exceed the ceiling, in some cases significantly, by up to 50 %.

Cities emit 69 % of Europe's CO2. There were 12.8 million new vehicles registered in the EU in 2011. The average CO2 emissions for these cars

was 135.7 grams CO2 per kilometer, which is 4.6g CO2/km less than in 2010 – a reduction of 3.3 %. There were 8,700 pure electric cars registered in the EU in 2011. While this number is only 0.07

% of new cars registered, so did not significantly influence the EU average emissions, it is a 10-fold increase on 2010.

Improving the quality of the air at the borders of the Czech Republic and Poland, cross-border projects in Krkonoše and co-operation in other areas of nature conservation.

In respect of air quality in the border region, the Ministers of Poland and Czech Republic agreed that efforts should be made to reduce the level of air pollution in the cross-border region of Silesia, support joint use of the funds from the EU programmes concerned with air protection, contribute to harmonising and increasing the effectiveness of instruments for managing air protection in the Polish-Czech cross-border areas and also increase sharing of information and mutual collaboration in effort to resolve the unsatisfactory quality of the air in the Moravian-Silesian Region and in the Silesian Voivodship.

“The subject of air protection in the Moravian-Silesian Region, and not only there, is a highly important topic for us,” it is our goal to organise negotiations between representatives of the two countries with participation of local municipalities, regions and voivodships, which need to be consulted on the possibilities of improving air quality”.

Czech Republic and Poland cross-border projects

Renewable energyEurope is in the midst of a dramatic energy transition, away from fossil fuels, and in some cases also from nuclear power, to renewable energy. Bioenergy is the major renewable energy source, accounting for almost 70 percent of European renewables, and showing steady growth.

Primary energy production, gross electricity consumption and heat consumption from solid biomass in the European Union in 2011

Source: EuroObserver 2012

CONSORTIUM1. European Biomass Association, Belgium2. Austrian Biomass Association, Austria3. Danish Bioenergy Association, Denmark4. The Bioenergy Association of Finland 5. German BioEnergy Association6. Hungarian Biomass Competence Center 7. Italian Agriforestry Energy Association 8. Latvian Bioenergy Association 9. Slovak Bioenergy Association10. Swedish Bioenergy Association11. Imperial College for Science, Medicine and Technology, UK

PROJECT OUTCOMES Five sector handbooks on investment requirements

(criteria considered by companies as important in decision making process for cross-border investments) for the sectors: biogas, small scale heating, district heating, CHP and biofuels for transportation

A comprehensive online database tool including a Geographic Information System (GIS). Market attractiveness appears in a comprehensive way as well as framework conditions for investments and project cooperation in EU cross-border areas. Also a B2B platform creates enabling easy access to international project partners.

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The Cross Border Bioenergy project …. practice-oriented criteria for the assessment of the market attractiveness for different bioenergy sectors which are elaborated in close collaboration with related industry representatives. …… is addressed to five market sectors: Biogas for CHP and biomethane processing Small-scale heat for private houses and single heat customers Commercial biomass boilers for district heating Solid biomass CHP technologies Biofuels for transportation (biodiesel, bioethanol)

…… supports the bioenergy industry in going international to diversity its sales markets;….. is prepared by consortium of bioenergy associations, consultants and scientists gathered to provide a platform for European bioenergy businesses aiming at supporting their international activities.

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Solar and wind energy

LONDON ARRAYhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ra6sogF4lLE

Sweden„Amanda” – biogas powered train in Lingoping

CBiogasGas buses in Helsingborg

Biogas fuel station in Västerås

Germany

Mercedes-Benz Citaro FuelCELL-Hybrid

Norway

Electric cars

Kętrzyn Municipality is implementing a project entitled "Energy-efficient resource management - common models for small towns on the example of Ketrzyn and Svetly " co-financed by action - 1.1. Sustainable use of environment ENPI CBC Programme Lithuania - Poland - Russia 2007-2013.

The project partner is the Regional Administration of the City of Svetly Russian Federation (Kaliningrad).

The project beneficiary and partner together will develop models for reducing energy consumption in municipal buildings and public buildings that can be used in small towns in the area covered by the program.

The activities of the project are planed for 24 months, the grant amount is 90% of the project - 787,635.00 Euro.

The main objective of the project is to promote energy efficiency involving the reduction of energy consumption. This will be achieved through the implementation of exemplary solutions for local governments, taking into account the examples developed in Kętrzyn and Svetlym. The project will also include training in order to increase awareness and skills of employees of the Kętrzyn Municipality and the District Administration Svetly City.

Renewable energyRenewable sources of energy- method of improving the quality of natural environment within the area of the Lubaczów District and Javoriv Region

The tasks covered by the Polish partner include: purchase of the equipment used for biomass acquisition from the district roadsides farm tractor with the additional equipment, compatible with the tractor e.g. pallet forklift.

The tasks covered by the Ukrainian partner include: solar installation implementation to produce thermal energy for the laundry and kitchen inthe Novojavorivsk hospital. Solar collectors of active area- 253 m2 will be able to produce 619,34 GJ annually.

The Project implementation will provide for the reduction of non-renewable fuel consumption as heat demand for Complex of Schools in Oleszyce and the hospital in Novojavorivsk will partly be covered by the renewable fuels, e.g. biomass and solar energy.

Water protection and management Waste management

1. Extension of the cross-border sewage treatment system in drainage area of the river Bug (Western)

2. Partnership for cross-border water protection in the area of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian

3. Improvement of water quality of the Baltic Sea through the development ofPhase I i Phase II

4. BalticMasterII project

Priority 2. Improving the quality of lifeThe Priority 2 is focused on management of environmental threats and actions promoting sustainable economic use of natural resources, development of renewable energy sources and energy saving, as well as increasing the efficiency of border infrastructure and procedures and improving border security.The priority 2 will include the following measures:Measure 2.1. Natural environment protection in the borderlandMeasure 2.2. Efficient and secure borders

Measure 2.1 aims at protecting and improve the quality of the natural environment. Improvement of the quality of the natural environment contributes to increasing inhabitants’ living standards as well as boosting the area’s tourist and investment attractiveness. This goal will be achieved mainly through investment in environmental infrastructure for regional or local impact and the improvement of cross-border cooperation on environmental protection.

Measure 2.2 has the objective of increasing the efficiency of border infrastructure and procedures and to improve border security. A higher throughput capacity at border crossing points and their security are critical for the achievement of the programme’s objectives. In order to better utilise and expand the social and economic potential within the programme area, it is necessary to alleviate the administrative, institutional and infrastructural obstacles to the free movement of goods, services and people across borders.

The core objective of the programme is support for cross-border development processes. The programme objectives will be realised through non-commercial projects implemented within the following priorities and measures:Priority 1. Increasing competitiveness of the border area.Priority 2. Improving the quality of lifePriority 3. Networking and people-to-people cooperation.

Total Programme budget: 202,9 million EUR (including 186,2 million EUR of the EU co-financing.)

Project: Extension of the cross-border sewage treatment system in drainage area of the river Bug (Western)

Lead Partner: #Town Commune of Hajnówka (Poland)Partnership: #Poleski Agro-Ecological Institute of National Academy of Belarusian Sciences (Belarus) and #Municipal Unitary Multiple Productive Enterprise of Communal-Housing Economy „Kamienieckie ŻKCh” (Belarus)

Total budget: 3 970 198,88 €Programme Contribution: 3 573 178,99 €Duration: 24 months

The project area is situated in drainage area of the river Bug (Western) and the Partner cities are connected with the river Leśna, which is receiver of the sewage treatment products. So, there is a need of co-operation and co-ordination of investment policies for maintaining or even increase of cleanness level of river Leśna. The Project brings the reaction to problem of incompatibility of sanitary infrastructure to real weight of pollution loads and lack of integrated environment protection system in Polish – Belarusian borderland.

The key to change the Present situation will be brought with strategic approach to sustainable environment and protection infrastructure management. Co-ordination of investment policy, realization of key cross-border projects, education means, exchange of experiences, know – how sharing and promotion of modern sustainable management solutions will bring synergy and real ecological benefits to whole borderland.

International Wastewater Treatment Plant, Source: http://www.coastlawgroup.com

Leśna River in Hajnówka

Partnership for cross-border water protection in the area of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian

In September 2012 Olecko Municipality signed an agreement on the financing of the "Partnership for cross-border water protection in the area of Lithuanian, Polish and Russian, implemented within the Cross-Border Cooperation Programme Lithuania-Poland-Russia 2007-2013.

Total budget: 3 667 580,00 EUR (14 670 320,00 PLN)Cofinancing: 3 300 822,00 EUR (13 203 288,00 PLN)

Source: http://olecko.wm.pl

The sides of partnership are: #Poland: Regional authorities of Olecko, #Lithuania: Regional authorities of Kozlova Rudy, #Russia: Regional authorities of Gusiev.

Implementation period of the project is planned for 24 months, the project will be completed in mid-2014.

The main results that will be achieved by the project are:1. Reduction of the emission of liquid waste into rivers and lakes in the area of cross-border thanks to built sewerage

and water supply in the municipalities Olecko (Poland) and Kazlu Ruda (Lithuania), connected to a network (Municipality Olecko) and sewage treatment plant (City Kazlu Ruda).

2. Creating the conditions for the implementation of environmental projects in the Russian partnership via development of technical documentation and feasibility studies for works in Gusiev (Russia).

3. Promoting environmental attitudes and behavior among residents of the project area by developing a common strategy for the protection of cross border waters and the organization of an international seminar titled "How to save water" in Olecko (Poland), Kozlova Ruda (Lithuania) and Gusiev (Russia) for the residents of the three partner countries.

Joint development, financing, management and implementation of the project with the Lithuanian partner and the Russian partner will help strengthen mutual trust, providing a basis for further cooperation in a cross-border and improve conditions and living standards of the area covered by the project activities.

The Baltic Sea pollution

Serious threat, particularly to the Baltic coast, the sea level rise.So far the level raised by approximately 1,5-2,9 mm / year and it is estimated that by 2015 will rise from 0,1-0,97 m

In Poland, 1,789 km2 coastal areas could be flooded.Endangered feature 18 resorts located on the cliffs undergoing erosion, five large ports and houses of 120,000 people.

Improvement of water quality of the Baltic Sea through the development of

Phase I, October 2005 - June 2007City of Gdynia together with five partners: Kosakowo, Reda, Rumia and Wejherowo communes together with Klaipeda in Lithuania received funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for the project .

The total cost of the project is 1.4 million EURO.

The main objective of the project is to reduce the amount of pollutants emitted with rainfall and snowmelt water to the Baltic Sea from the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea Region.The main activities of the project include the development of the concept of the development of water management systems and the preparation of all technical documentation of the Investment for each Partners which is crucial for improving the water quality of the Baltic Sea.

Programme: Lithuania-Poland-Russia CNB ENPI 2007-2013

Lead Partner: Klaipeda City Municipality Administration (Lithuania)

Partners: #Administration of the municipality Svetlogorskiy district (Russia), #State autonomous educational institution of additional education of children "Kaliningrad Regional Children -Youth Centre for Environment, #Local Lore and Tourism” (Ecological centre) (Russia)

Total budget:3 999 930.00 EUR

The overall objective of the project is to contribute to reduction of the quantity of contaminants from rain and surface waters drained into the Baltic Sea from the south-eastern part of the Baltic Sea Region.

Improvement of water quality of the Baltic Sea through the development of

Phase II, January 2013 – December 2014

Improvement of water quality of the Baltic Sea through the development of

Phase II, January 2013 – December 2014

Main estimated results of the project are as follows:

1. Rain and surface water treatment systems are constructed in Klaipeda (Lithuania).2. Local sewage treatment engineer systems are constructed in the settlement Primorie of Svetlogorskiy district municipality of the Kaliningrad region (Russia).3. Feasibility study for construction of the international ecological camp in the settlement Primorie of Svetlogorskiy district of the Kaliningrad region (Russia) is prepared.4. Operation efficiency of water treatment systems and qualification of municipal officials in managing water systems, both aiming to preserve water environment of the Baltic Sea, are raised.5. The system of non-formal ecological education of children and youth is developed in the partner countries.6. Awareness is raised and conditions are created for engaging local community in the process of counteracting ecological problems and preventing contamination of the Baltic Sea waters.7. Efforts of the territories of the western Lithuania and western part of the Kaliningrad region in solving the problems of contamination of the Baltic Sea by rain and surface drainage waters are united through engagement of coastal municipalities of the Kaliningrad region into the infrastructural cross-border cooperation network, which was established during the project RAINNET 1.8. Experience/skills of international project management teams of the partners are improved.

Baltic MasterII ProjectThreats and remedies for the Baltic Sea

The Baltic Master II (Duration 25 January 2009 – 25 January 2012) addressed issues from the local and regional perspective using cross-border and cross-sectoral collaboration in order to find viable hands-on solutions to global problems. This bottom-up approach is also a promising component for future efficient implementation of the EU Baltic Sea Strategy.

Aim: The overall aim of Baltic Master II is to improve the on-land response capacity to oil spills in the Baltic Sea as well as to enhance the prevention of pollution from maritime transport.The project brings together actors from a wide range of levels going from local, regional and national authorities to research institutes, universities and pan-Baltic organisations. Providing a link between the local/regional level and the national level is an important task of the project in order to combine hands-on knowledge with strategic work.

Baltic Master II also puts a significant effort in developing practical solutions to environmental safety problems in the Baltic Sea. Oil contingency plans in coastal regions and common ways of treating ship generated waste are two examples which will be further investigated.

Lead Partner: Region Blekinge, SwedenPartnership 48 partners from 9 different countries around the Baltic Sea.

Budget Approx 4 million Euro.

Project „Optimisation of the role of the forest in the protection of water courses and humid zones” – part of Interreg IIIA

„Europe 2020 is the EU's growth strategy for the coming decade.In a changing world, we want the EU to become a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. These three mutually reinforcing priorities should help the EU and the Member States deliver high levels of employment, productivity and social cohesion.

Concretely, the Union has set five ambitious objectives - on employment, innovation, education, social inclusion and climate/energy - to be reached by 2020. Each Member State has adopted its own national targets in each of these areas. Concrete actions at EU and national levels underpin the strategy.”

José Manuel BarrosoPresident of the European Commission

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1) Smart growth: developing an economy based on knowledge and innovation

2) Sustainable growth: promoting a more efficient, greener and more competitive economy

3) Inclusive growth: fostering a high-employment economy delivering social and territorial cohesion

Ewa KochańskaRIC Pro-Akademia

Bioenergy for the Region Cluster

Good luck in cross-border co-operation!

Thank you for your attention.