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CROP PRODUCTION

Made by – sahil sheikh

horticultureHorticulture is a branch of

agriculture that deals with the production of vegetables , fruits , flowers and decorative plants .

Kharif crops :- Kharif crops are grown during the rainy season from June to October like paddy, soyabean, maize, pigeon pea, green gram, black gram, cotton etc.

Rabi crops :- Rabi crops are crops grown during winter season from November to April like wheat, gram, peas, mustard, linseed etc.

Different types of crops :-

Steps involved in crop production

Prepration of soil Seed selection and sowing Manuring Irrigation Wedding Protection from pests and diseases Harvesting , threshing and

winnowing storage

Seed selection and sowing

Seeds should be of good quality , healthy and free from diseases .

they must be planted at proper depth in the soil .

If they are planted deep In the soil , they cannot respire .

seeds should be sown at proper distances .

If they are to close they will not get enough water , sunlight and nutrients .

IRRIGATION Irrigation is the supplying the right

amount of water at the right time .

Modern methods for irrigation .

The sprinkler system .The drip irrigation .

Weeding Weeds are the unwanted plants

that grow along with the crops . Implements used for weeding :

Protection from pests

pests can be controlled by pesticides which are poisonous chemicals .

Pesticides kill pests as well as their eggs and larvae but do not affect the plant .

Harvesting harvesting may be done manually

by sickle or by using a machine called harvester .

Threshing

The grain is separated from the cut crop . This process is called threshing .

Winnowing After threshing , the grain has to be

separated . This can be done by wind called winnowing .

Storage to prevent the grains

from getting SPOILT BY MICROBES THE STORAGE IS NEEDED .

IMAGES USED FOR CROP PRODUCTION

HYBRIDIZATION HYBRIDIZATION IS A TECHNIQUE

USED FOR DEVOLOPING New varieties of crops by cross breeding two different varieties .

Nitrogen cycle the cyclic process of nitrogen being

fixed, used by plants and animals, and later returned to the atmosphere is known as nitrogen cycle.

Nitrogen cycle

The steps involved in nitrogen cycle

nitrogen fixationNitrogen assimilationAmmonificationNitrificationdeNitrification

Nitrogen fixation

The process of converting free nitrogen gas of the atmosphere into nitrogen compounds.

Nitrogen assimilation

The process of conversing of inorganic nitrogen compounds into organic compounds that becomes a part of living organism is called nitrogen assimilation.

ammonification

The process of conversing of complex organic compounds like proteins into ammonia.

Nitrification

The process of conversing of ammonia into nitrates.

denitrification The process of conversing of

nitrates into nitrogen gas.

Animal husbandry The breeding, feeding and

caring of domest ic animals for food and other purpose is called animal husbandry.