Critical Thinking = The ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the...
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Transcript of Critical Thinking = The ability and willingness to assess claims and make objective judgments on the...
Critical Thinking = The ability and willingness to assess claims and make
objective judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence, rather
than emotion.
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
• 1. _______________________________:
Use higher level questions!Don’t just ask “who?” or “what?”
EXAMPLES:
“Why did psychologists get this result?”
“How did they reach that conclusion?”
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY (You WILL see this in college!)
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
• 2. DEFINE YOUR TERMS: Make a _________________________ - a
statement that attempts to predict a set of phenomena (EMPIRICAL!)
SCIENCE-fictionEmperor Palpatine (Star Wars)
QUESTION
DO YOU REMEMBER THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
• 3.___________________________________- NO “Lazy” Thinking - Look for proof!
– Example: What is the cause of Autism?
-Biological or Environmental?
(Nature vs. Nurture)
- Why are some people such
good athletes?
It’s nature vs. nurture, baby…nature wins
every time
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
4. ANALYZE ASSUMPTIONS AND BIASES: Don’t assume without proof or ignore other PERSPECTIVES!– Principle of _______________________:
- A scientific theory must make predictions that are specific enough to expose the theory to the possibility of being proven wrong
-Example: “Misery Loves Company”
FALSIFIABILITY IN A “NUTSHELL”
• CAN YOU REPLICATE YOUR EXPERIMENT AND GET THE SAME RESULTS?
• IF NOT, START OVER!
HELP! I’M IN A NUTSHELL!
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
5. AVOID EMOTIONAL REASONING:
All disagreements must have proof!
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
6. DON’T OVERSIMPLIFY: Just because it’s happened to you (and maybe some friends) doesn’t mean it happens to everyone.
QUESTION
SHOULD DISOBEDIENT CHILDREN BE SPANKED?
Were YOU spanked as a child? How might this influence your
perspective?
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
7. CONSIDER OTHER _______________________________
GOAL = _______________ - An organized system of assumptions and principles that aims to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships.
- Example: Depression causescancer
Guidelines to Critical Thinking
8. TOLERATE UNCERTAINTY: Sometimes you just don’t know...
…and that’s ________!!!