Critical thinking first ppt july 2016

INTRODUCTION

TO CRITICAL

THINKING

BCOM JULY 2016

By: Raji [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

Wednesday, July 6, 2016 2

Strathmore University


Strathmore University’s

Mission

To provide all round qualityeducation in an atmosphere offreedom and responsibility;excellence in teaching, researchand scholarship; ethical andsocial development; and serviceto Society.


WHY SHOULD I STUDY INTRODUCTION TO CRITICAL THINKING?

WHY SHOULD I STUDY PHILOSOPHICAL SUBJECTS?

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Why do YOU study for a Degree?

HUMAN BEINGS ARE RATIONAL

BEINGS



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Leadership


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How are we to change the world?


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To provide an all-round education

for its students in an atmosphere

of freedom and responsibility.


Aim of Strathmore

University

S.H.S.S. Our aim.

• To forge personalities that are of the same caliber as the technical knowledge and skills of the person.

• Thus providing society with good individuals and professionals who are technically and morally prepared to place their knowledge at the service of the human person and the common good of society.


School of Humanities and Social Sciences. (SHSS)

Strathmore offers humanities subjects in order to enable its students attain a holistic development.

Philosophical Subjects such as Ethics and Critical Thinking are an integral component of that all-round development.


Holistic growth as a person


Aim:

To help students to appreciate and endeavour to develop art of reasoning accurately in all aspects of life.


Introduction to Critical

Thinking

Ask your self?

• Why do people buy stuff they don’t

need?

• Why do people vote for bad people as

their leaders?

• Why are there so many adverts today?

• Why are there so many conflicts based

on religion, ethnicity etc.?

• Etc.

At the end of the course the student

should be able to:• Recognize the significance of search for truth in

University Education.

• Appreciate nature and significance of

philosophy in achieving the ends of university

education.

• Formulate and evaluate arguments.

• Apply Critical Thinking skills in academic writing

and other forms of communication.

• Appreciate the role of Critical Thinking in all

areas of personal life.


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TOPIC 1

Idea of University Education

and the Role of Critical Thinking


By the end of this topic, the learner should be

able to:

• Relate the purpose of the university with

the need for critical thinking

• Unveil the role of critical thinking in

execution of the university’s key

functions

• Recognize the significance of Critical

Thinking in student’s life and beyond the

university


What is critical thinking?


able to:

• Trace the genesis of philosophical thinking

• Define Philosophy explaining its branches.

• Identify fundamental concepts and attributes of

Philosophy that bear on Critical Thinking

• Examine the application of Philosophy in daily life


TOPIC 2

What is Philosophy?

TOPIC 3

Knowledge and Truth



able to:

• Explain types, sources and relationship

between knowledge and truth

• Recognize errors committed in search

for knowledge and truth

• Appreciate the value of truth for a

flourishing life (within the university and

beyond)

TOPIC 4

Fallacies


By the end of this topic, the learner should be able

to:

• Define various types of fallacies

• Identify fallacies in arguments

• Show weaknesses of a fallacious argument

and correct the identified fallacies.

TOPIC 5

Critical Thinking: Tools and

Skills



able to:

• Analyze the elements/parts of thinking

• Evaluate thinking on basis of

appropriate intellectual standards

• Recognize and barriers in critical

thinking and ways to overcome them

CAT ONE


TOPIC 6

Argumentation


able to:• Define an argument

• Identify arguments and parts of arguments; i.e.

reasons and conclusions.

• Identify different patterns of arguments

• Identify syllogisms and their structure, mood, and

figures.

• Rewrite arguments in standard form.

• Assess assumptions and context of arguments.

• Apply the art of assuring, guarding and discounting

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CAT TWO


Topic 7

Rhetoric

By the end of this topic, the learner should

be able to:

• Explain the meaning and uses of rhetoric

• Illustrate the use of rhetorical devices

• Relate critical thinking and use of

rhetorical devices in presentation


TOPIC 8

Self-Examination


By the end of this topic, the learner

should be able to:• Apply critical thinking skills in evaluation of

oneself

• Scrutinize oneself on the basis of strengths,

weaknesses, potentialities, opportunities and

threats

• Develop personal development project that

can be used in improving a person’s critical

thinking skills.

TOPIC 9

Faith and Reason

By the end of this topic, the learner

should be able to:• Appreciate the fundamental differences

between faith and reason

• Relate errors in faith and reason debate

to errors of truth

• Highlight the significance of both faith

and reason in living a flourishing life


The students are expected to apply various

critical thinking skills they have learnt

through:

• Oral presentation in class on group work.

• Writing a philosophical essay on the topic of

their choice using philosophical writing skills.

• Apply what has been learnt so far and use

public speaking and other social media

platforms to communicate good arguments.


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TOPIC 9

Group work presentations


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Abortion Rights Gambling Population Domestic Violence Media Violence

Adoption Gangs PornographyDriving Under the

Influence Medical Ethics

Affirmative ActionGenetic

Engineering Poverty Drug Legalization Mental Health

Alcohol Global WarmingPrayer In Public

Schools Eating Disorders Middle East

Animal Experimentation Gun Control Prisons

Endangered Species Suicide

Animal Rights Hate Crimes Racism EnvironmentTeenage Pregnancy

Bioethics Health Care Rape Euthanasia Terrorism

Biological Weapons Homelessness School Violence Family Relations Welfare

Capital Punishment Homosexuality Sex Education National Security Women’s Rights

Censorship Human RightsSexual

Harassment Nuclear WeaponsWomen In The

Military

Child Abuse Immigration Smoking NutritionWorkplace Violence

Cloning Internet Privacy Stem Cells Political CorruptionMISSING CLASSES

Crime VictimsJuvenile

Offenders Steroids

CHEATING IN EXAMS

MAKING NOISE INCLASS

01Idea of University Education

02 What is Philosophy?03 Knowledge and Truth

04 Fallacies

05 Critical Thinking: Tools and Skills

06 Argumentation

07 Rhetoric

08 Self-Examination

09 Faith and Reason

Group work presentations .

Course Outline


STUDENT CENTERED LEARNING.

FREEDOM AND RESPONSIBILITY


Lecturer’s details

• Email: [email protected]

• Office: SRCC

• Consultation hours: Tue, Wed and Fri Morning hours and Wed Evenings

Feel free to talk to me on any matter you think I may help you in.


mailto:[email protected]

Teaching methodology


Class participation.


The ethics class has been so good to me because it is the only

lecture that am able to be taught realities about life


Presentation in class after group Discussions.


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Guest lecturers in class when possible.


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Personal development project in critical

thinking.


The art of decision making.



“Critical thinking consists of a mental process of analyzing or evaluating information, particularly statements or

propositions that people have offered as true. It forms a process of reflecting upon the meaning of statements,

examining the offered evidence and reasoning, and forming judgments about the facts.”

– Wikipedia

“Critical thinking is the intellectually disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying,

analyzing, synthesizing, and/or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience,

reflection, reasoning, or communication, as a guide to belief and action. “

- Michael Scriven & Richard Paul

Critical thinking is the art of thinking about thinking while thinking to make

thinking better. It involves three interwoven phrases: in analyzes

thinking, it evaluates thinking and it improves thinking.

Richard Paul and Linda Elder 2012


Analyzing thinking


• By focusing on the parts of

thinking in any situation- its

purpose, question,

information ..

What is Critical Thinking?

• Problem solving

• Analyzing information

• Interpreting information

• Recognizing bias

• Understanding diverse points of view

• Applying information

• Learning!


Significance of Critical Thinking(a) Informative(b) Opens the mind(c) Activates human’s rational capacity(d) Challenges mental naivety(e) Interrogates nature and other disciplines(f) Nourishes the intellect(g) Trains the mind to think(h) Fosters understanding of oneself and others(i) Encourages good reasoning(j) Forms and shapes opinions(k) Facilitates decision making(l) Helps one to solve problems(m)Guides ethical and moral values(n) Fosters openness to truth(o) Reflects on meaning of life


Informative


Opens the

mind

Interrogates nature and other

disciplines



Facilitates decision making

Nourishes the intellect



Trains the mind to

think


Encourages good reasoning


Helps one to

solve

problems

Guides ethical and moral

values



Fosters openness to

truth


Reflects on meaning of

life

Idea of University Education and the role

of critical thinking

By the end of this topic, the learner should be able to:

Relate the purpose of the university with the need for critical thinking

Unveil the role of critical thinking in execution of the university’s key functions

Recognize the significance of Critical Thinking in student’s life and beyond the university

University

• Latin- Universus

• Anglo-French- university or universitas

• The academy or studium

Historical Time Frame

• 12th Century AD University of Bologna

which became the center of legal

studies

Current Universities

• Bologna founded in 1088

• University of Paris founded in 1150

• University of Oxford founded in 1167

• University of Cambridge founded in

1209

• University of Salamanca founded in

1218

• If the idea of University is re-coined to

mean ancient institutions that did not

originally grant degrees but now do

some European and non-European

Universities pre-date University of

Bologna

• Nalanda University- 258 in India

• Al-Azar University- 988 in Egypt

Septem artes liberales

The seven liberal arts:• Grammar

• Logic

• Rhetoric

• Arithmetic

• Geometry

• Music

• Astronomy

Trivium & Quadrivium

• Trivium:• Grammar

• Logic

• Rherotic

• Quadrivium:• Arithmetic

• Geometry

• Music

• Astronomy

Read Dorothy Sayers

The lost tools of learning

Metamorphosis

• Universities in the medieval period considered themselves to be protectors of human knowledge, but they did not feel the urge to make it grow.

• Septem Artes Liberales were considered as the whole of human knowledge.

• From a Static kind of knowledge to one that is dynamic

Principles of University

• Universality- Open to truth in totality

• Academic Freedom- Free to engage in

inquiry

• Autonomy- free from external influence

Aims of a University

• To Create or generate knowledge

• Knowledge dissemination and transfer

• Service to society

Argumentative Essay

• Read Philosophical Writing By: A. P.

Martinich

• Introduction and Chapter one before

the next class.


Assignment

• Read Apology By Plato

• Make and submit Cornell Notes on the

apology

Critical thinking first ppt july 2016

Education

Transcript of Critical thinking first ppt july 2016