Crisis Information Management
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Crisis Information Management
Sanjana Hattotuwa
Special Advisor, ICT4Peace Foundation
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Firstcitizenjournalist? • AbrahamZapruder
• Bell&Howellcamera
• Lessthan30seconds
• SoldtoLifeMagazineforUS$150,0003dayslater
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LondonBombings
• 7July2005(7/7)
• Within24hours,theBBChadreceived1,000stillsandvideos,3,000textsand20,000e‐mails.
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UNCIMStocktakingProcess
• CrisisInformationManagementcapabilitiesandcapacitiesintheUNSecretariat,NYandkeyUNagencies
• Stocktakingconductedover2008withDPKO,DSS,UNICEF,variousarmsoftheUNDP,OCHA
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Keyaindings • Intraagency“pointsolutions”thathaveemergedinresponsetoparticulareventsorneeds
• ManyofthesesolutionshaveproducedexcellentresultsandcouldbeleveragedacrosstheUNsystemintimesofcrisis.
• However,atpresentmanytools,solutionsandprocessesremainunknownandisolatedfromoneanother.
• Sustainabilityofpointsolutions?
• Agencylearning/widerinstitutionallearningofpointsolutions?
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Keyaindings
• Stafftransience
• Interoperabilitynon‐existentorpoorwithinandbetweenagencieslearningtoinformationsilos,dataloss,duplicationetc
• Poorpoliciesandpracticesinformationmanagement
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Keyaindings • Inwardlooking–beneaiciariesandpublicareoutside,untrustworthy
• NewmediaandICTswereoftenseenasbandwidthhogsandserioussecuritythreats
• Parallelcommunications–UNmandated/needsdrivenresponsesbystaff
• InfrastructureissuesattheUNSecretariat
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Keyaindings • Novitalrecordsarchivalprogrammeacrosstheinstitution.Dataintegrityandlong‐termstoragewasleftuptoindividualagencies.
• Agencyledcategorisationofinformationdidnotsometimesmakessensetootheractors
• Informationoverload
• Seniormanagementnotinterested
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Crisis Information Management Systems: New directions, old
challenges?
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8ICTsforsharedsituationalawareness
1. Twitter(micro‐blogging)(e.g.http://spy.appspot.com)
2. RSS(e.g.GoogleNewsReader)
3. Wiki(e.g.CCCPAwiki)
4. Mobiles(SMS)
5. GPS(realtimelocationdata)
6. Mapping(GIS–GoogleMaps/GoogleEarth)
7. VoIP(e.g.Skype)
8. Socialnetworking
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Informationbreakdown
Newmedia
Mainstreammedia
UNintelligence
• Twitter• Flickr• Blogs• SMS/MMS/Mobiles• Socialnetworks
• CNN/BBC/AlJazeera• Local/NationalTVandradio• Printmedia(mainstream/regional)• Alternativeprintmedia
• Sitreps• HumanitarianInformationCentres• Agencydatabases/emaillists• Personalcontacts/relationships
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GoogleEarth|CrisisinDarfur
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EasytouseGPS
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Twitterhttp://www.twitter.com
• FirstreportsofChineseearthquakeinMay2008werefromTwitter
• MexicoCityearthquakein2007
• MinneapolisBridgecollapsein2007
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Mumbaibombblasts26thand27thNovember2008
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Spyhttp://spy.appspot.com
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Flickr|Vinuhttp://www.alickr.com/photos/vinu/sets/
72157610144709049/
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Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
26_November_2008_Mumbai_attacks
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Wikipediahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
26_November_2008_Mumbai_attacks • 400+edits/updates
• 100+authors
• Lessthan24hoursafterairstattack
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SocialNetworking
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“RevolutionFacebookStyle”NewYorkTimes,22ndJanuary2009
• InmostcountriesintheArabworld,Facebookisnowoneofthe10most‐visitedWebsites,andinEgyptitranksthird,afterGoogleandYahoo.
• AboutoneinnineEgyptianshasInternetaccess,andaround9percentofthatgroupareonFacebook—atotalofalmost800,000members.
• April6YouthMovement,agroupof70,000mostlyyoungandeducatedEgyptians,mostofwhomhadneverbeeninvolvedwithpoliticsbeforejoiningthegroup.
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Gazaaid • TheAustraliansenatehasapproved$10millionUSDaidtothePalestinianpeopleintheGazaStrip.StimulatedbyagroupofactivistsonFacebookwhocalledthemselves"TheProPalestinianLobbyonFacebook."
• Thegroup,whichwasformedshortlyafterthewaronGazastarted,consistsofanumberofnetworksthattogetheramounttonearlyonemillionpeople,includingPalestinians,andinternationalsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.
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Broadcasting|Ustream.tv
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Bambuserhttp://bambuser.com/
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Somekeydifferences• SystemswithinUN• Agencyfocusedandagencyowned
• Inwardlooking• Generallyveriaied/agencyproducedortrustedsource
• Setupfordissemination• Proprietarydataformatsandsystems
• Littleornointeroperability
• Hardtolearn
• SystemsoutsideUN • Crowdsourcedinformation/outwardin
• Veriaiabilityoptionalandhard
• Designedforscalability• Opensource/Opendatastandards
• Potentialofinteroperabilityhigh/Informationexchangedpoor
• Easytolearn