Creative Skills dossier
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Transcript of Creative Skills dossier
Creative Skills Dossier
Tamara Pater, 479562, 2ICMA
25-10-2010
Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 4
What is a creative session? ................................................................................................................. 4
Creative techniques ............................................................................................................................. 4
Direct analogy .......................................................................................................................................... 5
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Something good ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 5
Slice and dice ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Gallery method ........................................................................................................................................ 6
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 6
NAF-technique ......................................................................................................................................... 6
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Wishful thinking ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 7
Random stimulation ................................................................................................................................ 7
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 7
COCD-Box ................................................................................................................................................ 7
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 7
Superheroes ............................................................................................................................................ 8
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Post-it brainstorm ................................................................................................................................... 8
Example ............................................................................................................................................... 8
How can a trainingslesson be the most inspiring trainingslesson ever? ................................................. 9
Mind map ............................................................................................................................................ 9
Ideas .................................................................................................................................................... 9
What is the wildes idea I can think of? ................................................................................................ 9
Most appealing idea ............................................................................................................................ 9
Assignment training 1 ............................................................................................................................ 11
What have I learned and what can I do when I have finished the training creative skills? .............. 11
Some examples of creative techniques ............................................................................................. 11
How does our brain work in relation to creative skills? .................................................................... 11
CPS model .......................................................................................................................................... 11
Energizer ............................................................................................................................................ 12
Three techniques that can be used in the problem area of the CPS model ..................................... 12
Assignment training 6 ............................................................................................................................ 13
Goal orientation ................................................................................................................................ 13
Wishful thinking ................................................................................................................................ 13
Redefining .......................................................................................................................................... 14
Brainstorm ......................................................................................................................................... 14
Personal analogy ............................................................................................................................... 14
Restructure ........................................................................................................................................ 15
NAF-technique ................................................................................................................................... 16
Something good ................................................................................................................................ 17
Introduction On this weblog you can read the explanations and examples of techniques used during the creative
sessions. The explanations are written in such way that those who have zero knowledge of these
techniques can understand them easily.
What is a creative session?
A creative session is a session to generate ideas on how to solve a particular problem. When
organising a creative session, you can use the Osborn-Parnes Creative Problem Solving Model. This
model divides the session into six areas, each area beholds some phases. To make sure the creative
session goes the way it should go, there are some rules to it:
Defer judgement
Be open when in session (respect privacy)
Give extra thought to naive ideas
Everybody’s equal, there’s no place for arrogance
Go for quantity
BE CREATIVE!
Creative techniques
Craetive techniques are methods to stimulate the creativity during a session. These methods help
people to come up with more and different ideas. The creative techniques that will be discussed on
this blog are:
Direct analogy
Something good
Slice & dice
Gallery method
NAF-technique
Wishful thinking
Random stimulation
COCD-Box
Superheroes
Post-it brainstorm
Direct analogy Direct analogy is a technique which uses so called analogies or brain
patterns. These analogies are connections people make between different
objects. You will be using two objects, one inside the problem context and
one outside the problem context. You can use the connections between
these objects to come up with lots of new and surprising ideas.
Example Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Object inside the problem context: Shampoo bottle
Object outside the problem context: A cup of tea
Connection: They both have a certain smell
Idea: Shampoo that smell like tea
Something good The technique something good starts with categorizing the ideas. After
you’ve divided all the ideas into categories, you are going to pick the best
idea out of every category. You will be doing this by thinking about which
ideas give you the feeling of something good. After you’ve selected the best
ideas in each category, you will be narrowing it down to one best idea.
Example Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Categories: Ideas related to colour, smell, hair type and ‘more than
shampoo’
Best idea per categorie:
Colour: A colour that appeals to everyone
Smell: A scent that makes you feel relaxed
Hair type: A shampoo that can handle curles and straight hair
More than shampoo: A shampoo that stimulates hair growth
Overal best idea: A shampoo that can handle curles and straight hair
Slice and dice Slice and dice is an attribute listing technique. It focuses on analysing and
dividing the problem or challenge in parts or attributes. Every parts defines
a piece of the problem or challenge. Dividing a problem or challenge in
parts can help you with finding a solution. You will be looking at one part at
a time and you will be coming up with solutions for every part. Later on you
can combine these solutions to an overall solution.
Example Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Parts/attributes: Smell, colour, hair type, ‘extras’, hair colour, ‘ingredients’,
etc.
Gallery method When using the gallery method, you will be placing all ideas in a gallery kind
of way. Every participant has his/her own section in the galery. Everybody
shows his/her ideas as art and at a certain moment during the session, you
will walk around to check out the ideas of others. The gallery method is
fairly the same as the brainstorming method. The most helpful thing of
showing the ideas as a gallery is that you have an overview of the ideas.
When looking at all the ideas from different angles, you can come up with
more and more ideas.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Ideas: Shampoo with vanilla smell, shampoo for grey hair, shampoo that
stimulates hair growth, etc.
NAF-technique The NAF-technique is a technique you can use at the end of your session to
choose the best idea. NAF stands for New, Attractive and Feasible. With the
NAF-technique you will categorize your ideas in three categories, being
new, attractive and feasible. When choosing your final idea, its best if an
idea is new, attractive and feasible. With the NAF-technique you can check
if you have ideas like that.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Idea: Shampoo with a new smell/colour, creating a shampoo with a new
smell/colour is new, attractive and feasible.
Wishful thinking With wishful thinking you will be thinking of your ideal situation or solution.
By using your ideal you can come up with more practical and realistic ideas.
You can also use your ideal as an aim for your solution, you can think of
how far you want your solution to meet your ideal.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Ideal: A shampoo perfect for every hairstyle with a smell and colour
everybody likes
Ideas: Shampoo with a pleasing smell, shampoo that can handle curls and
straight hair, etc.
Random stimulation Random stimulation makes you think of ideas you probably wouldn’t think
of without the random stimulation. To start with the random stimulation
you pick a word, picture, quote, etc. After you’ve chosen, you’re going to
think of new ideas using the chosen words, pictures or quotes.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo.
Random stimulation: Tree
Idea: Shampoo with tree leaf extract
COCD-Box The COCD-Box is a selection method with a specific goal. Normally there’s a
threat in the convergence phase that people will fall back into their
patterns and chose routinely and defensive, but the COCD-Box requires you
to also chose and elaborate the unusual ideas. With the COCD-Box there
are no ‘good’ ideas, you will be dividing the ideas in blue, red and yellow
ideas.
Blue ideas are known and doable. There’s not a lot of effort in executing
these ideas.
Red ideas are new and doable. These ideas have something innovative and
they’re exciting, but there will be more effort in executing them because of
the newness.
Yellow ideas are new, but they’re not doable. With the yellow ideas you will
have no clue about how to execute these ideas.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Blue idea: 2 in 1 shampoos
Red idea: Shampoo with a new smell/colour
Yellow idea: Shampoo that stimulates hair growth
Superheroes With the superheroes technique you start with making a list of several
superheroes. This can be ‘real’ superheroes like Superman and Spiderman,
but also people who are seen as heroes, like Maradona or Oprah Winfrey.
After you’ve made the list, you chose one of the superheroes. You’re going
to look at the problem through the eyes of your chosen superhero. You will
be thinking about who this superhero is and what his/her characteristics
are. You’ll be thinking of ideas how this superhero would solve your
problem. The ideas you’ve come up with can be used to come up with more
ideas later on.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Superhero: Superman
Ideas: Shampoo that gives you superpowers, red/blue/yellow shampoo,
etc.
Post-it brainstorm The post-it brainstorm is a creative technique were post-its are used to
write down all the ideas you can come up with. All post-its are placed on a
big piece of paper, so you have them all together. With the post-it
brainstorm all ideas are welcome; it’s about quantity before quality.
Example
Problem/challenge: Coming up with ideas for a new shampoo
Ideas: Shampoo with vanilla smell, shampoo for grey hair, shampoo that
stimulates hair growth, etc.
How can a trainingslesson be the most inspiring trainingslesson ever?
Mind map The first step I took was creating a mind map of things that inspire me. The mind map includes
people, places, activities and so on.
Ideas After I had finished my mind map, I started developing it. I used the thoughts in my mind map to
create ideas.
Thoughts Ideas
Friends Fun, boys, girls, gossiping, laughing, trust
Football Playing, winning, Feyenoord
Holiday Relax, sunshine, abroad, beach, flying
Love Boyfriend, trust, friends, family
Party Going out, drinking, having fun, cocktails, music
What is the wildes idea I can think of? Organising a trainingslesson in a country abroad, lying at the beach, enjoying the sunshine, listening
to relaxing music and drinking some delicious cocktails.
Most appealing idea To me the most appealing idea would be a trainingslesson at the beach during the summer. It’s a
place where you can relax and have fun. When I feel relaxed, I can work or follow a trainingslesson
best.
A thing about this idea that are good, is that you can feel really relaxed at the beach. I also think that
sunshine contributes to an inspiring trainingslesson. For me it is important to be in environment
where you feel comfortable, relaxed and inspired and the beach is that place for me.
Assignment training 1
What have I learned and what can I do when I have finished the training
creative skills? During the training creative skills I have learned how you can stimulate creative thinking. After
finishing this training I will able to organise a creative session with a small group of people. I will
know how I can stimulate them to come up with creative ideas. I will also know how to work with the
CPS model by Osborn & Parnes. At the end of this training I will have developed the following skills:
Thinking outside the box
Awareness of brain patters and starting a creative process
Knowledge of creative techniques and choosing the right technique to solve a problem
Full partnership in creative sessions
Prepare, facilitate and evaluate creative sessions
Some examples of creative techniques Some examples of creative techniques are:
Superheroes
Brainstorm
Wishful thinking
Direct analogy
NAF-technique
How does our brain work in relation to creative skills? Our brain works with fixed patterns. Learning is nothing more than internalize a certain thinking
pattern in such way that it will work automatically. This mechanism brings peace and stability to our
brain. Once our brain has ‘learned’, it will take decisions about information that comes to us via our
sentences unconsciously. So when it comes to creative thinking you could say: ‘Minds are like
parachutes; they only work when they’re open.’
CPS model The CPS model, Creative Problem Solving model, is a model which can be used to solve problems in
an organised way. The CPS model exists of two process stages, six phases and four areas. These two
process stages are diverge and converge. Each of those two stages beholds several phases and areas.
Diverge
Problem area: Problem orientation, collect data, problem definition
Ideas area: Generating ideas
Converge
Evaluation area: Between ‘generating ideas’ and ‘development of ideas’
Selection are: Development of ideas, develop action plan
Energizer One of many energizers is ‘Who am I?’. With this energizer, one person has to stand outside the
room while the others think of a famous person he/she will be. When the person returns he/she has
to ask questions which can only be answered by yes or no. By using these questions the person has
to find out who he/she is.
Three techniques that can be used in the problem area of the CPS model Three possible techniques you can use in the problem area of the CPS model are:
Goal orientation
Ladder of abstraction
Wishful thinking
Assignment training 6
Goal orientation 1) How can we avoid aggressive behaviour at big concerts?
2) Goal: avoiding aggressive behaviour at big concerts
3) Internal factors
Different kinds of audiences
Different kinds of music
Weather
4) External factors
People want to have freedom
The atmosphere has to be good
5) How can we avoid aggressive behaviour, without ruining the atmosphere and while keeping
the different people and music, at big concerts.
Wishful thinking In an ideal world...
Everybody’s happy
The sun always shines
There wouldn’t be drugs and alcohol
Weapons wouldn’t exist
Music/pictures wouldn’t stimulate aggressive behaviour
Police and civilians would get along great
Ideal Ideas
Everybody’s happy Music that stimulates happiness Lights that stimulate happiness Giving away free stuff
The sun always shines Creating fake sunshine Bright lights Stimulate vitamin D
There wouldn’t be drugs and alcohol Don’t sell alcohol Drug & alcohol control Stop & search
Weapons wouldn’t exist Stop & search
Music/pictures wouldn’t stimulate aggressive behaviour
No provocative lyrics No provocative pictures
Police and civilians would get along great No arrogant police officers Undercover police
‘
Redefining I have redefined ‘How can we avoid aggressive behaviour at big concerts?’ to ‘How can hostile
behaviour at big concerts be evaded?’.
Brainstorm
Personal analogy If I would be at a concert I would not get aggressive if...
The sun shines
The music has a good quality
I feel safe
It is not too crowded
They serve real beer instead of 0% alcohol beer
The police/security acts normal
There’s a good atmosphere
There’s no discrimination
Conditions Ideas
The sun shines Organise concerts in the summer Create fake sun shine
The music has a good quality Don’t play the music too loud Use good audio equipment
I feel safe Stop and search
It is not too crowded Make sure there are not too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that many people
They serve real beer instead of 0% alcohol beer Serve real beer No alcohol at all, just lemonade
The police/security acts normal Hire police/security who aren’t arrogant
There’s a good atmosphere Stimulate happiness Play positive music, no provocative music
There’s no discrimination Strict rules concerning discriminating pictures and lyrics
Restructure Create fake sunshine
Use bright lights
Stimulate vitamin D
Stop and search
Ban provocative lyrics and images
Don’t hire arrogant police/security
Use undercover police/security
Drugs and alcohol control
Don’t sell fake beer
Don’t sell alcohol
Organise concerts in the summer
Don’t play the music too loud
Use good audio equipment
Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people
Stimulate happiness
Play positive music, not provocative music
Strict rules
Give away free stuff
Make sure there’s good service
Ban hooligans
Use plastic cups, no bottles/cans/glasses
Don’t use too many lasers
No dark decors
Better and more security
Use lights that stimulate happiness
NAF-technique
New Attractive Feasible
Create fake sunshine Stimulate vitamin D Use lights that stimulate happiness Undercover police/security
Create fake sunshine Stimulate vitamin D Don’t sell fake beer Organise concerts in the summer Don’t play the music too loud Use good audio equipment Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people Stimulate happiness Play positive music, not provocative music Give away free stuff Make sure there’s good service Use lights that stimulate happiness
Create fake sunshine Use bright lights Stop and search Ban provocative lyrics and images Use undercover police/security Drugs and alcohol control Don’t sell alcohol Organise concerts in the summer Don’t play the music too loud Use good audio equipment Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people Play positive music, not provocative music Strict rules Give away free stuff Make sure there’s good service Ban hooligans Use plastic cups, no bottles/cans/glasses Don’t use too many lasers No dark decors Better and more security Use lights that stimulate happiness
To me the best idea is to use lights that stimulate happiness. This idea is new, attractive and feasible.
Something good
Categories Ideas
Lights Create fake sunshine Use bright lights Don’t use too many lasers No dark decors Use lights that stimulate happiness
Performance Stop and search Ban provocative lyrics and images Don’t play the music too loud Use good audio equipment Play positive music, not provocative music
Police/security Don’t hire arrogant police/security Use undercover police/security Drugs and alcohol control Better and more security
Drinks Don’t sell fake beer Don’t sell alcohol Use plastic cups, no bottles/cans/glasses
Organisation Stimulate vitamin D Organise concerts in the summer Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people Stimulate happiness Strict rules Give away free stuff Make sure there’s good service Ban hooligans
Best idea per category
Lights - Use lights that stimulate happiness
Performance - Ban provocative lyrics and images
Police/security - Use undercover police/security
Drinks - Use plastic cups, no bottles/cans/glasses
Organisation - Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people
Best overall idea
Don’t place too many people in an area that doesn’t allow that number of people When you place too many people in a smell area, people get irritated and will easily show aggressive behaviour. When people have enough space for themselves, they will not feel crowded and will probably be more relaxed and less aggressive.