Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
-
Upload
ahmed-benalla -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
0
Transcript of Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
1/15
The Creative Problem Solving (CPS) process is
based on the research and findings of
Dr. Sidney Parnes and Dr. Alex Osborn.The original ten-step process has been synthesized
into five stages.
This is not a lock-step method, but a guide that
takes one from a problem situation to a workable
solution. Each stage entails both divergent and
convergent thinking skills.
Solving problems creatively is a skill that can be
learned. It must be practiced like any other skill
to become proficient at it. To ensure a clear
understanding of the stages of the CPS process, it
is advisable to work on various techniques for each
stage separately. Eventually, one chooses the
techniques most useful for each stage as they
progress through the process. No one technique
will work for every problem. Different techniquesare designed for different problem situations.
J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
2/15
During this stage, the "problem" situation is briefly
described as seen at this time.
Examples of mess findingquestions and
comments:
Describe the situation as you see it.
Talk about your situation.
Summarize your situation in one sentence.
J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
3/15
This stage focuses on the gathering of facts and impressions
about the situation.
Examples of guideline questions for data finding:
Who. . . Which people are involved?
Who does this situation affect?
What . . .List things that are involved.
What feelings or circumstances are
related to this situation?
When . . .When did this happen (year, month, dayhour etc.)?
Are there any times or dates involved?
Where . . .Where is the physical location of this
situation?
Are there any other places involved?
How . . . How did this situation come about?
How come you or others are involved?How has this situation affected other
areas of your life?
J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
4/15
Who?
What?
Where?
Whe
n?
Why?
How?
Information
Impressions
O
bservations
Feelings
Questions
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
5/15
During this stage, specific problem statements are
developed. The problem should be stated in as many
ways as possible. Each statement should begin with the
words, "In what ways might I . . .?" (IWWMI. . .?)
State the problem from many points of view.
Examples of problem findingstatements are:
State the situation. IWWMI . . .?
What is the end goal? IWWMI . . .?
Why do you want the situation solved?
What is the result of the situation?
Is there another way to deal with the situation?
What about the situation or result is most
disturbing to you? IWWMI . . .?
This is the stsge that defines ownership for the
problem. The IWWM should end with I, our team, our
community, etc. We can only effectively solve the
problems for which we take ownership. J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
6/15
LADDERofABSTRACTION
IWW
MI...
IWWMI...
IWW
MI...
IWWMI...
IWWMI...
IWW
MI...
IWWMI...
Whyelse?
Whyelse
?
Why?
Howelse?
How?
Howelse?
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
7/15
This stage is designed to help one brainstorm many
possible solutions to the problem statement. The
emphasis is on producing a large number of varied
ideas in a short period of time.
Examples of idea findingquestions:
List many solutions for the problem situaion.
They can be obvious and unusual.
What else might you do?
What funways might you use to solve the
situation?
Relate the problem to a common sound
or object.
What ideas do you think of?
In what ways might a book or story relate to
the problem?
J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
8/15Pr
oblem
Statement____
_________________
__________________
_________________
__________
1 2 3
Brainwriting
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
9/15
This step helps one set the criteria and weigh ideas generated
against the criteria. Criteria are the guidelines, standards or
measuring sticks one needs to consider when making a decision
about which solution to pursue.
Examples of criteria generatingquestions:
What things do you need to think about
when making this decision?
What standards must the solutions meet?
What questions will others ask about your decision?
After many criteria have been listed, select the ones you feel are
most significant. The criteria and alternative solutions may be
put on a grid for weighing. Each alternative is weighed against
each criteria and given a number value.
The grid can also be used as a guide. If the idea you like the bestcomes out with the lowest number value, the grid will point out
the weaknesses of the idea.
From all the possible solutions, chose one to implement.
J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
10/15
Solution Finding - Criteria Development
Criteria Thought Guides
standardsdescribes the ideal
worded in the positivemustswants
An ideal __________________ will . . .
J. Juntune
Name _________________________________
Mark the criteria you want to use.Turn each marked criteria into a criteria question.
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
11/15
Name______________
______________________
________
CPS-SolutionFinding
criteria
alternativ
es
NumberScale
__________
excellent
_________
poor
Total
H
M
R
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
12/15
This stage is has two parts. It involves gaining acceptance for
the idea and writing a plan of action for putting the solution into
effect.
Examples of acceptance findingquestions:
Who will help me make this idea work?
Which methods will be effective in selling this idea?
Who will resist this idea? Why?
How might resistance be overcome?
How might I pretest this idea?
What advantages can I show for this idea?
Examples ofplan of actionquestions:
Who is involved?
What things are needed to implement this idea?
How long will it take to implement this idea?
What problems might arise during implementation?
How can they be overcome?
When all the steps of the Creative Provblem Solving Process are completed, it is not unusual to
discover a whole new problem, especially if the original problem was complicated.
The new problem is then taken through the CPS process. J. Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
13/15
Gainin
g
Acceptance
compatibility
observability
assisters
resisters
J.Juntune
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
14/15
Acceptance
Finding
-
Plan
of
Action
Summarizetheactionthatwillbetaken
Stepsforcarryingouttheplan
1
.
Date
completed
Person
responsible
2
.
3
.
4
.
5
.
6
.
7
.
8
.
9
.
10
.
11
.
1 2
-
7/29/2019 Creative problem Solving Juntune.pdf
15/15
CPS Stage Products