Creating Academic Creating Academic Communities to Communities to

Promote Academic Promote Academic HonestyHonestyA Virtue Ethics ApproachA Virtue Ethics Approach

Nancy A. Stanlick, Ph.D.Nancy A. Stanlick, Ph.D.Department of PhilosophyDepartment of PhilosophyEthics Task Force MeetingEthics Task Force Meeting

October 2, 2006October 2, 2006

What Constitutes What Constitutes Community?Community?

A feeling of belongingA feeling of belonging Personal FriendshipPersonal Friendship Koinonia – “Political Friendship”Koinonia – “Political Friendship”

““Owning the Principles”Owning the Principles” AutonomyAutonomy Creation of the Principles in ContextCreation of the Principles in Context

An Attitude Toward Community An Attitude Toward Community MembershipMembership CompetitionCompetition CooperationCooperation

Possible Community Possible Community StructureStructure

UniversityUniversity Office of Student ConductOffice of Student Conduct

Student Conduct BoardStudent Conduct Board Ethics Task ForceEthics Task Force

College LevelCollege Level Dean’s Advisory BoardDean’s Advisory Board

Department RepresentativesDepartment Representatives Student Representatives from various majors, Student Representatives from various majors,

departmentsdepartments Department Level - MajorsDepartment Level - Majors

Department & Major Advisory BoardDepartment & Major Advisory Board Faculty BoardFaculty Board Student BoardStudent Board

What is Needed to Create What is Needed to Create Community?Community?

Sense of the importance of community for Sense of the importance of community for achieving individual goals. Compare:achieving individual goals. Compare: The individual ascendancy view (Kibler, et al.)The individual ascendancy view (Kibler, et al.)

Hedonism, present, duty to selfHedonism, present, duty to self The community ascendancy view (Kibler, et The community ascendancy view (Kibler, et

al.)al.) Duty, future, duty to othersDuty, future, duty to others

Conception of EducationConception of Education Competitive (Gert)Competitive (Gert)

Individualistic view, creates pressure to cheatIndividualistic view, creates pressure to cheat Cooperative (Stanlick)Cooperative (Stanlick)

Community view, creates incentive to be honestCommunity view, creates incentive to be honest

Structuring Communities Structuring Communities for a Culture of Academic for a Culture of Academic

IntegrityIntegrity

UniversityEthics Task Force

Office of Student ConductStudent Conduct Board

Dean’s Advisory BoardsFaculty & Students

CollegesDepartments and Majors

Department FacultyMajors & Minors

Broad-Based Student Participation

UCF Golden RuleSubject-Specific

Research Standards

ReferencesReferences Callahan, Daniel. Callahan, Daniel. The Cheating Culture: Why More Americans are Doing Wrong to Get The Cheating Culture: Why More Americans are Doing Wrong to Get

Ahead .Ahead .Orlando: Harcourt, 2004.Orlando: Harcourt, 2004. Dewey, John. “Search for the Great Community.” In Dewey, John. “Search for the Great Community.” In The Collected Works of John Dewey, The Collected Works of John Dewey,

Later Works, Volume Two, 1925-1927. Later Works, Volume Two, 1925-1927. Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984.Carbondale: Southern Illinois UP, 1984. Gert, Bernard. “Academic Cheating.” Video Lecture – (competitive conception of education Gert, Bernard. “Academic Cheating.” Video Lecture – (competitive conception of education

and educational activity – see and educational activity – see http://ethics.acusd.edu/video/CEPE2000/Cheating/index.htmlhttp://ethics.acusd.edu/video/CEPE2000/Cheating/index.html Gert, Bernard. “Academic Cheating.” Retrieved January 1, 2005 from Gert, Bernard. “Academic Cheating.” Retrieved January 1, 2005 from

http://ethics.sandiego.edu/Resources/cai/webworkshop/Gert/Cheating.html.http://ethics.sandiego.edu/Resources/cai/webworkshop/Gert/Cheating.html. Gert, Bernard. Gert, Bernard. Morality: Its Nature and JustificationMorality: Its Nature and Justification. New York: Oxford UP, 1998.. New York: Oxford UP, 1998. Kibler, W.L., E.M. Nuss, B.G. Paterson, & G. Pavela. Kibler, W.L., E.M. Nuss, B.G. Paterson, & G. Pavela. Academic Integrity and Student Academic Integrity and Student

Development: Legal Issues, Policy PerspectivesDevelopment: Legal Issues, Policy Perspectives. Ashville, NC: College Administration . Ashville, NC: College Administration Publications, 1998.Publications, 1998.

McCabe, Donald L., Linda K. Trevino, & Kenneth D. Butterfield. “Academic Integrity in Honor McCabe, Donald L., Linda K. Trevino, & Kenneth D. Butterfield. “Academic Integrity in Honor Code and Non-Honor Code Environments: A Qualitative Investigation.” Code and Non-Honor Code Environments: A Qualitative Investigation.” Journal of Higher Journal of Higher EducationEducation 70(2), 1999: 211-234. 70(2), 1999: 211-234.

McCabe, Donald L. and Patrick Drinan. “Toward a Culture of Academic Integrity.” McCabe, Donald L. and Patrick Drinan. “Toward a Culture of Academic Integrity.” Chronicle Chronicle of Higher Educationof Higher Education 10/15/1999, Vol. 46, Iss 8, retrieved through Academic Search Premier, 10/15/1999, Vol. 46, Iss 8, retrieved through Academic Search Premier, March 11, 2003.March 11, 2003.

Stanlick, Nancy A. “Individualism, Community, and Academic Integrity.” Stanlick, Nancy A. “Individualism, Community, and Academic Integrity.” Selected Papers from Selected Papers from the 16the 16thth International Conference on College Teaching and Learning International Conference on College Teaching and Learning. Ed. Jack A. Chambers. . Ed. Jack A. Chambers. Jacksonville, FL: Center for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning (March 2005): 171-Jacksonville, FL: Center for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning (March 2005): 171-184.184.

Stanlick, Nancy A. “Creating an Honors Community: A Virtue Ethics Approach.” Stanlick, Nancy A. “Creating an Honors Community: A Virtue Ethics Approach.” Journal of the Journal of the National Collegiate Honors CouncilNational Collegiate Honors Council. Vol. 7, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2006: 75-92.. Vol. 7, No. 1, Spring/Summer 2006: 75-92.

Stanlick, Nancy A. “Individual-Centered Collaborative Research: Method and Theory.” Stanlick, Nancy A. “Individual-Centered Collaborative Research: Method and Theory.” Teaching PhilosophyTeaching Philosophy. FORTHCOMING March 2007.. FORTHCOMING March 2007.

Whitley, Bernard E., Jr., and Patricia Keith-Spiegel. Whitley, Bernard E., Jr., and Patricia Keith-Spiegel. Academic Dishonesty: An Educator’s Academic Dishonesty: An Educator’s GuideGuide. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002.. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002.

Additional Readings on Additional Readings on Academic CommunitiesAcademic Communities

Bringle, Robert G. et al., Bringle, Robert G. et al., Colleges and Universities as Colleges and Universities as CitizensCitizens (Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 1999). (Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, 1999).

McCabe, Donald L. et al., “Cheating in Academic McCabe, Donald L. et al., “Cheating in Academic Institutions: A Decade of Research,” Institutions: A Decade of Research,” Ethics and BehaviorEthics and Behavior, , Vol. 11(3), 2001.Vol. 11(3), 2001.

McDonald, William M and Associates, McDonald, William M and Associates, Creating Campus Creating Campus Community: In Search of Ernest Boyer’s LegacyCommunity: In Search of Ernest Boyer’s Legacy (San (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2002).Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2002).

Tephic, Donald A. and Peggy A. Ertmer, “Buidling Tephic, Donald A. and Peggy A. Ertmer, “Buidling Community as a Critical Element of Online Course Design,” Community as a Critical Element of Online Course Design,” Educational TechnologyEducational Technology, v. 43, no 5, Sep-Oct 2003, pp. 33-, v. 43, no 5, Sep-Oct 2003, pp. 33-43.43.

Whitley, Bernard E. and Patricia Keith-Spiegel, “Academic Whitley, Bernard E. and Patricia Keith-Spiegel, “Academic Integrity as an Institutional Issue,” Integrity as an Institutional Issue,” Ethics and BehaviorEthics and Behavior, Vol. , Vol. 11(3), 2001, pp. 325-342.11(3), 2001, pp. 325-342.

Whitley, Bernard E. and Patricia Keith-Spiegel, Whitley, Bernard E. and Patricia Keith-Spiegel, Academic Academic Dishonesty: An Educator’s GuideDishonesty: An Educator’s Guide (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002).Erlbaum Associates, 2002).