Created By: Brent Strickland, University of Arizona Cooperative ExtensionAdapted for Beef QA purposes by Jeff Goodwin, University of Idaho

Special Thanks to Matt Hamlyn for permission to use the game board frame

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What is the normal rectal temperature for

cattle?

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100.4o F to 103.1o F

When the body temperature increases by at least 1o F over the normal upper limit, the animal is

considered to have a fever.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (603-4)

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1-200

When giving a subcutaneous injection, what gauge and

length needle should be used?

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The needle should be 16 or 18 gauge and ½ to ¾ inch

long.Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (603-4)

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After birth, a producer should make sure the calf

receives what to insure initial disease protection?

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Colostrum.Colostrum is the number one

health factor in the early part of the calf’s life.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (603-2)

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Why are cattle dehorned?

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Dehorning is done for the safety of humans and the animal. Also to reduce bruises that

appear when the meat is processed. The 1995 National Beef Quality Assurance Audit states that bruises cost the industry $4.03 for every

fed steer and heifer it produces.

Reference: NCBA Cattle and Beef Handbook (D-8)1995 National Beef Quality Audit

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What is caused by a rapid production and absorption of

acids from the rumen when cattle consume too much starch or

sugar in a short amount of time?

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Acidosis

Acidosis is the most important nutritional disorder in feedlots

today.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (624-1)

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Where are implants found (location) on the animal?

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On the back side of the ear, between the skin and cartilage in the middle

third of the ear.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (602-3)

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2-200What system of the body does the

implant act through?

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b2a

Endocrine System

Reference: NCBA Cattle and Beef Handbook (A-21)

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2-300It is often said that the use of growth promotants results in accelerated

fattening of cattle. Is this correct?

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No, these products result in an increase in growth of lean muscle

tissue at the expense of fat deposition.

Reference: NCBA Cattle and Beef Handbook (A-23)

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Why do producers use growth promotants?

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Growth promotants allow cattlemen to produce leaner beef at

lower costs.

Reference: NCBA Cattle and Beef Handbook (A-21)

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Growth implants reduce the total cost of beef

production by how much (dollar amount)?

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Total cost of beef production is reduced by

$50-$80 per steer.

Reference: NCBA Cattle and Beef Handbook (A-18)Dr. Harlan Ritchie, Michigan State University, April 1990

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3-1001 - 100When a vaccine is given

IM, what does that mean?

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Intra-Muscular.In the Muscle.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (603-3)

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What is the general recommended amount of antibiotics that should be

injected at one site?

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10 cc per siteMultiple injections

should be given 3 to 5 inches apart.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (603-3) $200

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What is the best site for an injection? Why?

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Triangular mass of neck muscle.Less expensive cuts are located in

the neck region.

Reference: Cow-calf Management guide

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What can happen if you try to combine your

own vaccines?

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Vaccines are meant to work on

specific disease. By combining them, they may work against

each other and may not protect against disease.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (602-2)

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Why should you not use disinfectants when

cleaning modified live vaccine syringes?

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Disinfectants can destroy modified live vaccines that you later put in the same syringe. A mild disinfectant can be used for cleaning bacterin syringes

but be sure to rinse them thoroughly.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (602-2)

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When working cattle, how much vaccine

should you mix at one time?

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Enough to last for one hour or less.

Reference: Cow-calf Management Guide (602-2)

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Why should you stop and shake the vaccines

occasionally when working cattle?

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To insure consistent amounts of antigen get in the dose of

vaccine.Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (602-2)

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4-300How often should needles be changed when

giving injections?

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At least every 10-15

uses or every syringe of vaccine.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (602-3)

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4-400Why is it important to make sure the injection

site is clean?

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Injecting into a spot that is damp, muddy, or covered with manure greatly increases the

risk of infection.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (602-3)

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What important instructions are found

on the bottle label?Name four.

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Dosage, timing, route of administration, warnings or

indications, withdrawal period, storage, disposal, and shelf life.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (602-1)

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Where is a beef carcass ribbed to get a

measurement of the ribeye area?

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Between the 12th and 13th ribs.

Reference: D.L. Boggs and R.A. Merkel, Live Animal Carcass Evaluation and Selection Manual, page 110

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Name three quality grades.

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Prime, Choice, Select,

Standard, Commercial, Cutter, Canner.

Reference: D.L. Boggs and R.A. Merkel, Live Animal Carcass Evaluation and Selection Manual, page 110

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Name two factors used to figure yield grade.

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Ribeye area, hot carcass weight, backfat, and %

kidney, pelvic, and heart fat.

Reference: D.L. Boggs and R.A. Merkel, Live Animal Carcass

Evaluation and Selection Manual, page 122

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What is the difference between quality grade

and yield grade?

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Quality grade is based on the amount of marbling found in the ribeye and degree of

maturity (age of animal). Yield grade is based upon the yield of boneless, closely trimmed

retail cuts from the round, loin, rib, and chuck (cutability).

Reference: D.L. Boggs and R.A. Merkel, Live Animal Carcass Evaluation and Selection Manual, page 110 &121

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What is the difference between inspection and

grading?

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The USDA mandates that every product for human consumption

be inspected by a certified inspector. Grading is optional.Reference: D.L. Boggs and R.A. Merkel, Live Animal Carcass

Evaluation and Selection Manual, page 109

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Why is it important to receive the records of cattle you purchase?

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To know their previous management history.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (603-2)

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Name four important records that should be kept when vaccinating.

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Product name, serial number, date, route, and site

of injection, dose, and initials of the person who

gave the product.Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (603-2)

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Who can you work with to set up a good record

keeping system?

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FFA Advisor, veterinarian, nutritionist, Extension Educator/Specialist, or animal health supplier.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (603-2)

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What is IRM?

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Integrated Resource Management. IRM is a beef management concept in which the key performance indicators of an operation are analyzed, decisions are made, and action is

taken to ensure maximum profitability and competitiveness through the optimum use of all

available resources.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (104-1)

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6-500The IRM Red Pocket Field Book has sections in which

records are kept. Name four sections.

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Calving season, branding, weaning, cow herd management, bull

management, cattle performance, and cattle sales.

Reference: Cow-Calf Management Guide (106-2)

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The category is Stakeholders

Write down how much you want to wager.

Right before the fair, you decide to inject your steer with a drug that will make him more tame. You win grand champion, but later

everyone finds that you cheated. List at least 3 people that will be hurt by your bad choice.

All family members, other exhibitors, the people who

bought your animal, the 4-H agent, the Fair manager, 4-H

adult volunteers, (Many correct answers.)