CRE - CREATIVE RELAXATION EXERCISE

THE NATURAL WAY TO PLAY WITH LANGUAGE AND A BEAUTIFUL ACCENT WITH A 30 MINUTE

AUDIO TAPE IN ONE DAY

CRE 394A - SPOKEN DARI PHRASE BOOK

Take a day with CRE No. 394 - SPOKEN DARI from ENGLISH and this phrase book becomes your friend!

Version 2 - December 2002

SECOND DRAFT FOR RIGOROUS TESTING DURING JANUARY 2003 - FEEDBACK PLEASE

Note: Source: Dr. Bob Boland (EI), Sima Tabibi (Lombard), Sharif Khosbeen, with help from Lonely Planet Phrasebooks - Central Asia (Farsi which is close to Dari), and Essential Field Guides - Afghanistan - Crosslines, and Dr. Shams Bathija (UNCTAD) and Dr Heli Bathija (WHO) and Dr. Giles Boland (Harvard), and Boston University and the Team. http://www.bu.edu/familymed/distance/cre/introduction.htm for text and audio tape.

Email: robertboland@wanadoo.com33 450 408982 Chemin Garenne, Prevessin 01280 France Copyright: RGAB/2002/2 Free copying and distribution to all ... for Afghanistan!

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CONTENTSItem Page. No. 1. INTRODUCTION 4

2. MEETING PEOPLE 5 2.1 GREETINGS 2.2 INTRODUCTIONS 2.3 QUESTIONS 2.4 UNDERSTANDING 2.5 COMMENTS 2.6 FAMILY 2.7 AGE 2.8 RELIGON

3. GETTING AROUND 7 3.1 DIRECTIONS 3.2 BUYING TICKETS 3.3 AIR TRAVEL 3.4 BUS TRAVEL 3.5 TAXI TRAVEL 3.6 CAR/TRUCK HIRE TRAVEL

4. ACCOMODATION 11

4.1 PLACES TO STAY 4.2 NEGOTIATION

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5. AROUND THE TOWN 13 5.1 BANK 5.2 POST OFFICE 5.3 TELEPHONE 5.4 MEETINGS 5.5 SHOPPING 5.6 EATING OUT

6. OUT OF TOWN 16 6.1 FIELD TRIPS 6.2 Weather 6.3 Seasons 6.4 Animals

7. HEALTH 18 7.1 PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE 7.2 GETTING HELP 7.3 DIAGNOSIS 7.4 TREATMENT 8. QUANTATIVE DATA 22 8.1 TIME & DATES 8.2 PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE 8.3 NUMBERS 8.4 MEASURES 9. EMERGENCIES 24

10. ONE HUNDRED MOST USED WORDS 25

11. BRIEF NOTE ON GRAMMAR 26

12. BRIEF ENGLISH - DARI DICTIONARY 27

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 STRUCTURE

This phrase book gives you practice in understanding the structure of the language, as for each difficult phrase English words are inserted. There is a also a Brief English-Dari Dictionary, a Brief note on Grammar and the most used words in conversation.

1.2 MEMORY

A simple technique for the memory of difficult sounds is to make up a ridiculous English phrase as a memory "trigger", for example:

Welcome ... kosh amaded ... say ...... welcome ... GOSH AM I DEAD ... welcome ... kosh amaded

Yes ... bale ... say ... ... yes ... bar leave ... yes leave the bar ... yes ... bale

Please .. lotfan ... say ...... please ... give me a lot Fannie ...please ... a lot Fannie ... lotfan

or email robertboland@wanadoo.fr for our CRE 33 MemoryAlert.

1.3 PRACTICE.

Learn very rapidly the list of "most used 100 words" (Section 10) and each day, take one page of the phrase-book, to make 10 minutes of Dari conversation with a natural speaker.

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2. MEETING PEOPLE2.1 GREETINGSWelcome Kosh amadedYes/no Bale/ne,naPlease LotfanThank you. TashakorExcuse me Ma (me) ra bebakhshedPlease sit down Lotfan benshined (sit)Never-mind Mehem nist (not)Correct/wrong Dorost/ghalatGood/bad Khub/badOK Drost ast

That will do Kafi ast"Cool" "Sard"Where is the toilet? Tashnab koja-ast (where is)Hello SalamGood morning Subh-ba-khayrHow are you? Shoma cho-tor (how) hast-ed?I am well, thanks Man khub (well) hast-am, tashakor.And you? Wa (and) shoma?Peace! Solh!Have you eaten? Shoma nan (meal) khorden (eat)?

2.2 INTRODUCTIONSWhere are (you) going? (Shoma) koja (where) meravid (go)?What are (you) doing? (shoma) chi kar mikoned?My name is ... Nam-e (of) man (me) ... ast (is).What is your name? Nam-e shoma (you) ch-ist?Where do you come from? Shoma az (from) koja (where) amad-ed (come)?I'm ...: Man az... amad-amFrance FaransaEngland EnglistanAmerica Amerika

I'm with ...: Man amrahe ... hast-am UN UN Shell Shell

Good night/goodbye Shab bakhayr/ Khoda-hafez

2.3 QUESTIONS:When/how? Che wakht/chetor????What/why? Chi/chora?Who/which? Ki/kodam?Where is/are ...? ... koj-ast?/ koja astandWhere can I find ...? Koja...paida-karda(fin) me-tawan-am(can)?How much is it? Qimat (cost) in chand (how much) ast?Is it possible to help me? Mumken(possible)ast,ma ra komak koned (help)?

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2.4 UNDERSTANDINGI understand Me fahm-am.I don't understand. Man na (not) fahmi-dam.What languages can you speak? Chi (what) zaban-e harf-mezanid?What is that in Dari? Ou(that) ba Dari- chi-ast (waht is)?Speak louder/slower please? Haestatar/hart bezanid (speak) ! Repeat it please. Lotfan, tekraar-koned (repeat)! What does this mean (do)? Ma-nae (meangin) in chist (what)?Do you speak English? Anglisi harf (speak) mezanid (can)? I cannot speak English. Anglisi harf(speak)zada na(not) me-tawanam.I can speak a little.. kame (little) ... harf-zade me-tawanam.

2.5 COMMENTS:It's: In ... ast:better/worse khub/kharab big/small kalon/kuchakcheap/expensive arzan/Qimatgood/bad khub/badhot/cold garm/sardnear/far nazdik/dur

2.6 FAMILYAre your parents alive? Valedeyn zenda (alive) astand?(My) mother is alive. Madar (mother) zenda ast.But my father is not Ama (my) padaram zenda nist (not).Are you married? Shoma ezdewage (married) karda id?I am married Ma ezdewag karda am (am)You have how many children? Shoma chand awlad (children) dared?(I) have no child Awlad (children) na daramHave you brothers/sisters? Shoma(you) bradar/khahar dared (have)?I have no brothers/sisters Ma bradar/khahar na (not) daramWhat country are you come? Az kudan keshwar(country) amada-ed (come)?What ethnic group are you? az kudan (waht) kabila asted? I am american Man amerikai hastam This is my ....... In ... man ast father/mother padar/madar husband/wife shohar/zan girlfriend/boyfriend dust-dokhtar/dust-pesar son/daughter pesar/dokhtar younger brother/sister bradar javan /khahar javan older brother/sister bradar/khahar bozork child awlad

2.7 AGE

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How old are you? (Shoma) chand sala (years) hasted?How old do you think? Feker mikonid, chand (how many) sala hastam?I think (you) are 35 years Feker mikonam,(shoma) si-o-panj (35) hasted.

2.8 RELIGONWhat is your religon? Maz-hab-e(religon)shoma chi (what) hast?I am a ....... Man ... astam (am). Buddhist/Catholic budayi/katolik Christian/Confucian massihi/confusi Hindu/Jewif hendu/yahudi Muslem mosolmanI have belief in God (Man) ba khoda (God) hakida (belief) daramDo you attend mosque? Shoma masjed (mosque) merawid?I attend mosque every Friday Man har joma masjed (Friday) merawan (attend).

3. GETTING AROUND

3.1 DIRECTIONS I want to go to ... Man mekaham(want)ba..berawam(go) How can I go to ... ba..... chator (how) berawam?Which bus goes to ... ba.....kodam sarvice merawad (go)Is there another way? Onja rahe digar (another) ast?What time is the next bus ? sarvice ayenda (next) che-wakt (wsaht time) ast? bus sarvice

Where is the ... .....koja-ast? airport maidan hawai (plane) bus stop istghae (stop) sarvice bus terminal istghae aker sarvice ticked office daftar (office) forush teket United Nations office daftar UN American Embassy sefarat amerika police station edara e polis

Is it far? I dur (far) ast?Yes it's far Bale dur astIt's quite close Nazdik astCan I walk there, alone? Onja tanha(walk) rafta metawanam?Is it safe? Amn (safe) ast?

What must I do before I go? Chi Qadar zodtar bayad onja berawam ? How much time to walk there? Chi Qadar vaght ba onja ba paa ast (walk)?What's the address? Adres ch-ast?

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Write the adress in Dari script Ba dari adres nevesheta (write) koned !Tell the taxi driver the address? Ba driver adress ra bego (tell) Show me on the map? Dar naqsha neshan(show) bedehed ! Which direction? Kadum rah (direction)?That/this direction? I/ou rah?

Right/left side rast / chap (side)East/west shargh/gharbNorth/south Shomal/JunubSouth east/northwest Junub Shargh/Samal GharbUphill/downhill sarbaalayi/sarpahiniUp/down baala /pahinAt the corner ba golaii Far/near dur/nazdikIn/outside dakhel/birun

Here/there Inja/onjaAt the office Ba daftar (office) Is it near or far? In nazdik ast ya dur (far) ast?How many hours to get there? Ta onja chand sa-at (hours) ast?

3.2 BUYING TICKETSWhere can I buy a ticket? Koja mitawanam teket be-kharam (buy)?I want to go to ... Ma mikhayam ba ... berawam (go).What is the cheapest ticket? Teket arzan (cheap) kodam ast?There are no tickets Teket nistSeat number Nambar choki (seat)Cancelled/Confirmed Kansal/KanfirmTicket office Daftar teketTime table Jadval e zamani

3.3 AIR TRAVELI want to confirm my flight Man mekhaham (want) parvaz am ra

tayiyd (confirm) konam?How much is the fare? Teket chand ast?Airplane TayaraAirline ticket Teket tayaraCustoms GomrokDeparture time Vakht (time) harakatArrival time Vakht rasidanGate number Nomber darwazaPassport PasportNo smoking Segret na kashid

3.4 BUS TRAVELIs there a bus to ...? Ba ... sarvice ast?How much is the bus to ... ? Ba ... sarvice chand (how much) ast?Is there a bus to ... today? Emruz (today) ba ... sarvice ast?Does this bus go to ... ? ba.... sarvice merawad?

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I want to get off at ... Mikaham piyada shawam ...Tell me when we reach ... bego (tell) kay (reach).merasem Bus stop Istghae (stop) sarviceBus terminal istghae haker sarvice

3.5 TAXI TRAVELWhere is a taxi? Taxi ko-jast?How much is it to ...? Ta ba ... chand (how much)ast?Take me to this address. Ma ra ba in (this) adres be-rasaned (take). Please, make a stop here. Lotfan, inja istad (stop)koned.This is not right. In dorost (right) nist (is not). Go straight ahead. Mustaqim be-rav-ed. It's there: onja (there) ast:.

left/right chap/rast next to/after bad-a zou North/South Chamaal/ JanoubEast/West Charq/Gharb

Is there an english speaking taxi driver? Taxi driver inglisi harf mezanad(speaking) ?How much is the fare? Qimat (fare) chand hast?Stop at the next corner Da golaii badi istada (stop) koned !Please hurry Lotfan zoodtar (hurry) berawedPlease slow down Lotfan hayesta (skoe) berawedPlease wait here Lotfan inja montazer (wait) bashedI'll get off here Ma inja pyada (off) meshoam

3.6 CAR/TRUCK HIRE TRAVELWhere can I hire a car/truck? Koja yak motar/kamiyon ejara ............. metawanam (can)? How much is it for ? 1/3 days? Chi Qadar dur ast? yak/se roz? Any security problem? Mushkel amniat (security) ast?Useful words: Accident tassadof

Air hawaBattery botriBicycle boyciclBrake brekCar/Truck motar/kamiyonInssurrance bimaDriving licence licence drivEngine oil moblail motar Fill up por kardanFlat tire tubHeadlight cheraghHighway jadda e asliMap naghshaMotorbike motorsiklet

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Parking parkPetrol/gazoil petrol/dizelRadiator radiyatorGarage gargeTowing a car avardan motarTire tayerRepair tarmim

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4. ACCOMODATION

4.1 PLACES TO STAY Hotel HotelDormitary KabghaWhere is a hotel? Hotel koja-ast?I want to book a room Mikaham (want) yak otagh (room) .......................................keraya konamI want to find a ... hotel? Mikaham yak hotel ba...paida konam cheap arzan clean tamiz/pak good khub near the city nazdik shahr near the airport nazdik maidon hawahiHave you any rooms available? Otagh (rooms) khali daren?Have you beds (available)? Takht-khab (beds) daren?I want a room ... Yak otagh e ... mikaham single/twin yak-nafairi/moshtarak double bed otakht (bed) e do nafara

4.2 NEGOTIATIONHow much per night/person? Baraye yak shab (night) chand ast?Any others? Digar ast?I want this/that room Man i/ou otagh ra mekhayamIt's fine Khub astI take it in ra mikaham !I will stay for ... Man baray ... mebasham (stay) one/two nights yak/doo shab a few days chand roz a week yak haftaGive me the key please Kelid (key)ra ba man bedeed (give)Is hot water (available) all day? hama(all) roz (day) ab (water) garm ast?I the cold water safe to drink? Ab sard (cold) khordani ast? Any messages for me? Bray ma peygham (messages) ast?

Please do not disturb? Lotfan kamosh bashedIt's too ... hamchonan (too) ... ast

big/small kalan/khord cold/hot sard/garmdark/dirty tarik/kasifnoisy por saro sada

The toilet/sink is blocked Tuvalet ist basta (blocked) astThe door is locked Dar kolf (locked) astMy room number is 123 Otagh ma namber 123 astPlease fix it soon Lotfan zodtar (soon) fix konedI want to leave now/tomorrow Amroz/farda mikaham beram

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I want to pay the bill Bel (bill) ra pardakt (pay) khonamMay I leave my bags here for a few days? Mitawanam bax ha ra chand roz (days) inja begzaram (leave)?Thank you for your hospitality? Tashakor (thanks) az mehmanawazi ! I will return ... Man barmeghardam (return) ... return bargashtan. tomorow farda

in two/three day doo/se roznext week/month hafta/mah ayenda (next)next year sal (year) ayenda

Useful words Useful words bag bax basin house bathroom tashnab bed-room otagh-e khab bill bel blanket patu bucket baran/giryia kardan door dar electricity bargh fan kolar heating margaz garmi hot water ab garm

key kelid laundry lebas shuyi

elevator asansor/ leftlight bulb lamplobby sar garmilock kholfluggage/room bax/otagh

shower/toilet dush/tuvalet security amniat

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5. AROUND the TOWN5.1 BANKWhere is the bank? Bank koj-ast?Useful words: Useful words:

cash pul naghdamount taghribancredit card kart e e'tebariexchange rate nerkh e rozexchange tabdilforeign currency arz e kharejiofficial rate nerkh (rate) e rasmi (official)receipt rasidsignature emza

5.2 POST OFFICEI want to send a letter to ... mikham yak nama beferestam ... How much cost is it? Qimat (cost) chand ast?How much does this weigh? chikadar vazn (weigh) ast?Useful words: Useful words:

Address adresTelegram telgerafAirmail post e havayiEnvelope pakatFax faxInsurrance bimaLetter namaParcel parsalPost code kod e postiPost card kart postalRegistered mail ragistariStamps posta

5.3 TELEPHONE:Hello, I am ... Allo, man … astam. Please speak more: Lotfan .... harf(speak) bezaned.

louder boland-tarslowly haesta-tar

Who do you want? Shoma ki (who) ra mekhah-ed (want)?

I want to speak with …: Man mekhaham (want) ba ... harf bezan-am

Mr. AghaMrs. KhanomMiss Dokhtar

When is he there? Kay (when) o onja (there) ast?

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Ask him to call me, please? Lotfan, ba oon begoed baryman telefone konad?

5.4 MEETINGSWe want to see you: Mah me-khah-em (want) shoma ra bebine-em: today imroz tomorrow farda next week haft-i-ayenda (coming) in the morning sobh in the afternoon zo-hor

in the evening shab tonight im-shab soon zood

You are right. Shoma dorost (right) asted.You are wrong. Shoma eshteba (wrong) mekoned.That is right! In dorost ast!

5.5 SHOPPINGWhere is the nearest shop? Nazdik tarin (nearest) bazar koja-ast?Where is the: ... koj-ast: town center markaz-e-shahr (town) pharmacy doru-khana

Do you have ...? Shoma ... dar-ed?How much is this/that? Qimat in/on chand ast?I take it. Man in ra megir-am (take).I want to buy: Man mekah-am ...in ra bekhar-am (buy). aspirin aspirin soap saboun kilo apples kilo seb

litre of milk liter shir film/newspaper film/akhbarHow much is this/that In/ou chand ast?That is expensive In qimat (costly) astThat is cheap In arzan astCan you do something with (reduce) the price? Qimat (price) ra kam (what) koned?Where can I buy a ...... Koja (where) ...karida (buy) metawanam?Colours Rang ha

Black.Blue/Red sia/asmani/sorkhWhite/Yellow/Green safed/zard/sabz

5.6 EATING OUTI like: Man ... khosh (liking) dar-am. breakfast nashta/sobhana lunch nan-e-chasht dinner. nan-e-shab

Bar Bar

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Restaurant Kababi/rastouranFood Gheza / nanMarket BazarTea house Chai khanaGive me the menu please Lotfan List gheza (food) ra bedehed (give)I would like some: Man me-khoh-am yak andaza (some) bread/butter nan/maska cheese paner eggs tokhom meat/potatoes gosht/kachaloo apples/oranges seb/malta coffee/tea kafi /chai

milk shir fruit juice abe-e-mewa water aab

It is good. In khub ast. I want thatDo you have a knife and fork? Chaghu (knife) va panja dared?The bill please Surat-hesab, lotfan/ bel

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6. OUT OF TOWN6.1 FIELD TRIPS

What is the name of that place? Nam in mahall chi ast?How many hours? Chand saat ast?

Security situation? Amiat (security) chotor ast?What do we do? Chi kar-konem?

What is this/that? in/ou chi-ast?Do you have a map? Nagsha dared?

Is it open/closed? in baz/basta ast?How much to pay? Chand ast?

When do we go? Che-wakht mah meraem? Where are we? Maj koja hastem?

How to get to ... ? Chotor ba.... merawaim (get)?How far from here to ... ? che Qadar rah (how) dur ast?

Let's take a rest here Inja esterahat konem (take)Useful words: Useful words:

cave/map/country ghar/naghsha/mamlakatmountain/trail/desert kuh/rah e koh/sahara

earth/lake/river zamin/band/dariaroad/rock/seasons jadda/sanlagh/fassel

high plateau/hill/valley falat boland/tappa/darrah springs baharvillage/hot spring/ancient rusta/bahar garm (hot)/Qadimi

building/monument/mosque Sakhteman/bana yeadbud/masjed old city/statues/dangerous Shahr e qadimi/ mojassama/khatarnak

forbidden Ajaze nist/ mamnoo ast

6.2 WEATHER

What weather today/tomorow? Hava chetor ast emruz/farda?The weather's finee today Emroz hava khub ast

Will it rain tomorow? Sabah baran (rain) ast?It's raining lightly Baran kame mebarad

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It's ... ... in astfine khub clear/cloudy roshan/abridark/sunny tarik/aftabi

cold/hot sard/garmsnowing barfsunrise/sunset tulu/ghurubwindy badi

6.3 SEASONS

spring Baharsummer Tabestanautumn Khazan/payizwinter Zemestan

6.4 ANIMALS

birds/cat/dog parenda/gorba/saghorse/donkey/pig asp/khar/khuk

rat/sheep/cattle mush/gusfand/gusalemonkey meymun

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7. HEALTH7.1 PREVENTIVE HEALTH CARE

Is the water safe to drink in ... ab kordani (safe) ast?What security precautions? Ba amniate feker shoda?What medications to carry? Chi daroo(medicine) bayad ghereft?Vaccinations VaksinasyonControl KontorolHealth check up konorol sehiDysentry DisentrenMalaria MalariaNets jali Water purification tablets tablet tasfiahe ab?Food/water supplies zakira e Ghaza/ab ETOH supply ET ! OH !

7.2 GETTING HELP

I m sick Mariz hast-amMy friend is sick Dust am mariz (sick) ast I need a doctor Dotor zaroorat daram

I want a doctor who speaks English Man yak doktor inglisi zaban (speaking) mekahamI want a doctor of western medicine Man yak doktor gharbi (western) mekaham Please bring the doctor to my room Lotfan doktor ra ba otagh man biawared.Pllease take me to the doctor Lotfan ma ra nazd doktor bebared.I have an injury Man zokham daramI need an ambulance. Man yak ambulance zaroorat (need) daram Please tell me where is the ... ? Lotfan begohed (tell)... koj-ast?

clinic clinikdoctor doktorhospital bimarestannurse parastarpharmacy darukhana

I want an English interpretor Man yak tarjoman (interpretr) inglis mekaham.I want a female doctor. Man yak doktor zan (female) mekaham

7.3 DIAGNOSIS

The doctor may say: Shayad doktor bedanad (say):What's wrong? Chi shada?

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Where does it hurt? Koja dard mikona?How are you feeling? Haletan chetor ast?

Do you feel any pain? Dard (pain) dared?Do you have a temperature? Tab dared?What illness in the past? Shoma chi marizi dashted?

Do you smoke? Shoma sigret mekashed? Are you pregnant? Shoma mashrob mekhored?

Parts of the body Qesmat badan (body) arm/bone/ear bazu/ostukhan/gush eye/face/finger cheshm/chera/angosht foot/hand/head paa/dast/sar

heart/kidney/leg ghalb/gorda/sagh liver/mouth/muscle jigar/dahan/azala pulse/ling/stomach nabz/ragh/me'da

urine edrar

I ... Man ...have an insect bite hashara e nesh dar astcan't sleep na metawanam bekhabamhave a heart condition feshar man balah ast

I have no appetite heshtia na daramhave missed my period for months chand mah mariz na chodamI am pregnant hamela hastam

vomited estefragh kardanI am weak Ehsas e zaf mikonam/zahif astam

I can't move my ... ... na metwanam takan bedeham .

I have ... ... daramaltitude sickness marizi e kuh asthma/diabetes nafasse tangui/marizi shakardiarrhoea/constipation esshal/ghabz

dizziness/fever gijj or/ sar charki/tabhepatitis/AIDS/TB marizi jigar/AIDS/TBitch/lice/migraine dard e pust/shepesh/migren

pain/stomach ache dard/me'da dard VD/malaria bimari ye urughii/malaria

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7.4 TREATMENT

I am allergic to ... Man ba ... hassasiyat daram. antibiotics antibiotik asprin asperin

Please use a new syringe Lotfan yak peach-kari (syringe) now (nr=ew) bigired (use) I have my own syringe. Ma peach-kari daramI don't want a blood transfusion Man tazriq khoom (blood) na mekaham

Useful words: Useful words:accident/acupuncture tassadef/acupunkturantibiotic/antiseptic antibiotik/zeddblood/blood group khun/gurup e khunblood test/contraceptive cotrol e khun/zedd e hamelaghi

eye drops/first aid ab chesm/ avaliyaglasses/injection hainak/tazrighmestruation/pneumonia hadat e mahana/marizi shoshRed Cross/specialist salib sorgh/motakhasses

surgeon/syringe surgen dokhtor/peach karivirus/vitamins maraz/vitaminX-ray/wound shoha /zokham

Take one tablet four times a day. Yak tablet char (four)bar dar roz beghired

before/after meals qable/bad az nanbefore bedtime (before) qable az khab

Do you have ... ? . .. daren? aspirine asperin

bandage nawar/bandajcondoms poghana zed hamelaghi/ zed marizicough medicine daruye sorfaeye drops qatra chakan cheshempain killer mosakkensleeping pills dawai khabcontraceptive tablets dawai (tablets) zed hamelaghisanitary napkins dastmal pak/ dastmal aadate

mahanatravel sickness pills dawai safari?antiseptics dawai e zed e ufuni antibiotics antibiotikamoxicillin amoxicillin

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malarial prevention tablets dawai weqhaya (prevention) malaria

Is there a dentist here? Dokhtara dandan (teeth) inja ast?I have a tooth ache Dandan am dard (ache) mikonad I don't want it taken out Na mekaham berooon beawaram

Please give me an anaesthetic Lotfan ba man beh hoosh konenda bedehed Please use a new syringe Lotfan yak peach-kari now (new) beghired (use)

Are there traditonal healers work here? Tabib unani inja kar kardan?

What do they have to offer? Chi karda metawanand ?Are they part of the local care services?

Yak qesmat kargar mantaqa astand?

How long before I am well? Chand waqt khub bodam (feel)

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8. QUANTATIVE DATA

8.1 TIME & DATES

Do we have a little time? Maa (question) kame wakt dar-em?What time is it? So-at chand ast?The time now is… So-at:. five past one yak (1) wa panch (5)

dakika (minutes) quarter to three panza dakika kam (befor)se (3)

four o’clock saat char (4) ast half past five saat panj (5) o nim (half) ast

8.2 PRESENT, PAST AND FUTURE

Useful words: Useful words:today emruzyesterday diruztomorow fardatonight emshabtomorow evening farda shab

tomorow morning farda sobthis week in haftelast week hafte ye gozashtanext week hafta e eyendathis month in mah

last month mah e gozashtanext month mah e eyendathis year em-sallast year par-salnext year sal eyenda

8.3 NUMBERS

0 sefr1 yek 11 yaz-dah2 do 12 dovaz-dah3 se 14 chahar-dah

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4 chahar 20 bist5 panj 21 bist o yek6 shash 30 si7 haft 40 chehel8 hasht 50 penjah9 noh 60 shast10 dah 70 haftad

80 hashtad 90 navad100 sad 200 do sad300 se-sad 1'000 hazar

1,000,000 yek milyoun

8.4 MEASURES

bottle botal container kantinar dozen do darjan half a dozen yak darjan metre metr litre litr two kilos doo kilo

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9. EMERGENCIES

I am not feeling well. Man khub nest-amHelp! Komak!Danger Khatar

Don't move Takan na-korStop tawakofGo away Gom sho/borow

Call the police Polis saada (call) koned (can)Call a doctor Dokhtor saada konedCall an ambulance Ambulance saada koned

Immediately Fouri/hala hala Can you help me please? Lotfan Shoma man ra kohmak (help) koned

There has been an accident Takar shoda astI am robbed Dozdi kardand

Can I use a telephone please? Telefon metawanam?

I want to contact ... Mekaham (want) ertebate bighirampolice polisoUN UNRed Cross salib sorghAmerican embassy sefarat amerikaUN military base mahal e askari (military) UN

24

10. THE ONE HUNDRED MOST USED WORDS IN CONVERSATION (Challenge ... learn ... associate ... and remember)

1. A/an 2. After 3. Again 4. All 5. Almost YAK BAAD BAZ HAME TAQRIBAN 6. Also 7. Always 8. And 9. Because 10. Before HAMACHONON HAMESHA VA CHOON QAUBLAN11. Big 12. But 13. I can 14. I come 15. Either/or KALAN HADAF METAN-OM BEY-OM NE/YA16. I find 17. First 18. For 19. Friend 20. From PEYDA KARD-OM AVVAL BA DOST AZ21. I go 22. Good 23. Goodbye 24. Happy 25. I have MERAVAM KHUB BAMANE KHODA KHOSH DAR-OM26. He 27. Hello 28. Here 29. How 30. I O/MARD SALAM INJA CHOTOR

MA 31.I am 32. If 33. In 34. I know 35. Last AST-OM AGAR AZ MEFAHM-OMAKHAR 36. I like 37. Little 38. I

love 39. I make 40. Many KHOSH DAR-OM KAME DUSH DAR-OM MEKON-OM KHEYLI41. OnLY 42. More 43. Most 44. Much 45. My FAGHAT BISSIAR BISSIAR BISSIAR AZ MAN46. New 47. No 48. Not 49. Now

50. OfBADID NE NA HALA AZ 51. Often 52. On 53. One 54. Only 55. Or AGHZAB DAR YAK FAQAT YA56. Other 57. Our 58. Out 59. Over 60. People DIGAR AZ MA BIRUN RUYE MARDOM61. Place 62. Please 63. Same 64. I see 65. She MAHALL LOTFAN MASAVI MEBIN-AM O/ZAN/KHANOM66. So 67. Some 68. Sometimes 69. Still 70. Such PASS BAZI BAZI VAGHTA HANOZ MOSAVI71. I tell 72. Thank you 73. That 74. The 75. Their GOFT-OM TASHAKOR OU -RA AZ ONHA76. Them 77. Then 78. There is 79. They 80. Thing ANHA PASS ONJA AS ONHA CHIZ81. I think 82. This 83. Time 84. To 85. Under FEKR KARD-OM I WAKHT BA ZIR86. Up 87. Us 88. I use 89. Very 90. We BAALA AZ MAA MOFID-OM KHEYLI MAA91. What 92. When 93. Where 94. Which 95. Who CHI CHI-WAKHT KOJA KADAM KI96. Why 97. With 98. Yes 99. You 100. Your CHERA BA BALE SHOMA AZ SHOMA

11. SIMPLIFIED NOTE ON GRAMMAR

WRITTEN/SPOKEN LANGUAGE Dari is close to Farsi (Persian) but there are many word usage differnces.

25

The spoken language is an abbrevaited form of the writtem language Example: books - written as "ketab-ha" is spoken as "ketab-a".

WORD ORDER Subject, object, verb Example: Man ketab dar-am - I book haveARTICLES Example: a - tek or i; the - no word used because the sense is impliedNOUNS Plurals: book ketab - books ketab-ha (spoken as ketab-a) Case: accusative - ra, to - dar, from -azADJECTIVES Example: the good book - ketab e khubPRONOUNS Implied and thus often not spoken. Example: I - man, you - shoma, he - on, we - ma, they - onha QUESTIONS where - koja, why - chera, when key, what, che, how 0 chetor, who - ki, which - kodam?VERBS To be verb root (hast) - plus pronoun ending (-am) without the pronoun (man etc.) I am - hast-am, you are -hast-ed, he is -hast-ad, we are - hast-im, they are -hast-and To have verb root (dar) - plus pronoun ending (-am) Example: I book have - man ketab dar-am Sumple verbs. Route plus ending Example: I go - raft-am, I come - amad-am, I take - bord-amPOSSESSION Example: book of me - ketab e manNEGATIVE Example: I book not have - man ketab na-daram

26

12. BRIEF SPOKEN DICTIONARY- ENGLISH-DARIa iable tavanestanabortion noqussan/se, e janinabove behtaraccept paziroftanaccident tasaddofaccomodation mahal zendaghiache dardacross arzaddict mo'tadaddiction aadataddress adresadmire tahsin kardanadmission pazireshadmit paziroftanadult bozorgsaladvantage emtiyazadvice tosyiaaeroplane tayaraafraid tars /tarsidan azafter ba'dagain dobaraagainst moghabelage sennaggressive parkhashgaragree mavafegh budanagriculture keshavarziahead jeloaid komakAIDS aydzair havaair mail post a havayiairport maydan hawahiall hamaallergy hassassiyatallow ejaza dadanalmost taghriban

alone tanhhaalready pesh az inalso hamchonan/hamaltitude ertefaallways hameshaambassador safiramong ertebat/baiyn

anaemia kam khouniancient qadimi/bastaniand vaangry assabanianimal heywanankle moch e paannual saliyanaanswer javabant murchaantenna antenantivbiotics antibiyutikantiseptic zeddany harappointment qarar molaqatapril aprilargue estedlalarm bazuarrive rassidanas big as ba bazorgi ye asparin asperinasthmatic nafas tanghi/asmaatmosphere faazaaugust aguesstautumn payiz/khazanawful vahshatnak

baby tefel/nozadbaby food gheza e tefel back poshtbehind aqebbackpack koopy poshtbad badbag baxbaggage barball toopband guroh e musighibandage

pansoman/bandazhbasket sabadbath dush/hamambathroom tashnabbattery betribe budanbeach sahelbeuatiful ghashangbecause chonbed takht khab

27

bedroom otagh khobbefore qhablanbeggar ghadaabegin shorobehind poshtbelow zirbeside kenarbest behtarinbet shartbetter behtarbetween beynbib pishbandbible enjilbicycle bicyclebig bozorgbill belbird parendabirth tavallodbirthday roz e tavallodbite chak zadanblack siyahblanketq patubleed khunriziblind naabina blister peach kariblood khunblood group gurup e khunblood pressure feshar e khunblood test azemayesh e khunblue abiboat keshti/ghayoghbody badanbon appetit nush e janbon voyage safar be kheyrbone astokhanbook ketabboots mozaborder marz/sarhadbored khasta/mandaborrow gharz kardanboth har dobottle botalbox quoti/ja'baboy pesarboyfriend dost pesarbra sina bandbrake brekbranch shakha

brave khubbread nanbreak shekastanbreakfast sobhanabreast sinabreathe nafas kashidanbribe reshvatbridge polbring avardanbroken shekastabrochitis boronshitbrother beradarbrown naswaribruise kastaghi/kuftaghibucket satel/baran ziadbuddhist budayibug hasharabuild sakhtanbuilding sakhtomanbus sarvicebus station istgha e sarvicebus stop istgahbusiness tojaratbusy sholugh/mashghulbut ammabutton tokmabuy kharidan

call saada zadancamera camracamp kaymacan tavnest-ancancel cancealcandle shamcandy shirnicar motarcare moraghebat karadancareful ehtyad konedcarry homl kardancarton kartancash miz e ragister/gorfacassette kassettecathoolic isshawicave tahwil khanaCD sidicemetry gurestan

28

certificate certificatechair choukichance chance/forsatchange tabdilicheat taghalobcheap arzancheck kontorolcheese panirchemist darukhanachewing gum sajekchicken morghchild tefelchoose antekhab kardanchristian issahwichurch kalisacigarette segrettecitizenship taba-iyyatcity shahrcity centre markaz e shahrcivil rights hughugh e madaniclean tamizcliff sakhraclimb baala raftanclock saat e divariclose bastanclothing lebascloud abrcoat baalaposhcocaine koka'incoin sekacold sardcolleague hamkarcolour rangcomb shanacome amadancomfortable rahatcommunist komonistcompanion hamrahcompass ghotb nomaconfirm ta-yiydcongratiulatiomns mobarakiconstipated ghabzconstruction work kor e sakhtemaniconsulate konsulgari/ mashoracontraception jelogiri az hamelaghicontract quarardad

cook pokhtancorner gusha/kajicorrupt fasedcost qimatcotton katoncountry keshvarcough sorfacount shomordancourt dadgah/mahakamacow ghowcrazy divanacredit card kart e e-tebericross salibcup pialacustoms gomrokcystitis kist

dad padardaily rozanadance raqusdangerous khatarnakdark tarikdote (appointed) harar va-de/molaquatdate of birth tarikh e tavalloddaughter dokhtarday rozdead mordadeaf kardeal (trade) mo'amele kardandeath margDecember desamberdecide tasmimdeck dastdeer ahoudeforeatation jangal zodayidegree daraja delay takhirdemocracy demokrasidemonstration nomaeshdeny enkar kardan

29

dpart (leave) tark kardandeparture harakatdescendent nasldesert kiyaban/saharadesign tarhdestination maghsaddestroy kharab kardandetail joz-iyyatdiabetic maraz e shakardiarrhoea esshaldice takhte narddictionary dikshenaridifficult moshkeldinner nan shabdirect mostaquimdirector modirdisabled natavandisadvantag mahrumiyatdiscount takhfifdiscover kashf kardandiscrimination tabizdisease bimaridistributor touzi-konendadizzy guij/sar charkhido kardandoctor doktordocumentary mostanaddog sagdoor dardouble dogana/joradozen do darjandraw rassemdream khab didandress lebasdrink noshidanidrive randandry khoshk

each har yek

ear gush/shonidanearly zudearn kasb kardanearth zamineast shargheasy assaneat khordaneconomy ektessadeditor modir e roznamaeducation amuzesheight hashteighteen haj'daheighty hashta-delections entekhabatelectricity bargheleven yazdahembarrassed sharmandaembassy sefaratemergency ezterariemployee karmandemployer karfarmaempty khaliend payanendangered ba katar boodanengine motorengineer engineerEnglish ingilisienjoy lezzat bordanepileptic sariequal masawi/barabarequipment vassaeleuropean urupayievening shabexcellent aaliexchange tabdilexclude kenar gozashtanexcuse me bebakhshidexit khorujexpensive quimatexpress fawri

30

eye cheshem

face suratfactory fabrika/karkhanafamily familly/khanavadafamous mashourfantastic alifar durfarm mazre'afast tond/ba sorhatfat (build) chaghfather padarfault tagh sirfear tarsFebruary februaryfeel ehssas feelings ehssas kardanfence payan dadanfencing shamshir bazifestival jashenvarafever tabfew kamfiance' (e) namzadfiction khiyalifield meydanfight jang kardanfigures ash kalfill por kardanfilm filmfiltered tasfiya shodto find peyda- kardanfinger angoshtfire ateshfire harighfirewood hizomfirst avvalfish mahifive panjFlag parchamflat (land, etc) apartoman

flea kaakflashlight flashflight parvazfloor kaf e zaminfloor (storey) tabaquaflour ardflower golfly magasfollow taquib kardan/donbalfood ghezafoot paafootpath radd e paa foreign kharejiforest jangal forgive bakhshidanforttnight do haftafortune teller falbinforty chehelfour chaharfourteen chahardahfourth chehlomfree moftfreeze yakh zadanfriday jomafriend dostfruit mevafull porfun sargarmifuneral marasem e tadfinfuture ayenda

game bazigame mosabequagarage garagegarbage kassafat/ashghalgate darvazagay mard

31

general omumigift hedya/tohfagirl dokhtargirl friend dost dokhtcrgive dadanglass ainakgloves dastkeshto go raftangoal golgoat bozGod khodagold telaagood afternoon asr bakheyr good evening shab bakheyrgood hotel hotel e khubgood luck moyaffagh bashidgood morning sob bakheyrgovernmen dolatgram gramgrandchild navassagrandfather padar kalangrandmother madar kalangrapes angurgrass chaman/sabzagrave khatar jedigreat bozorggreen sabzgrey khakestariguess hads zadanguide rahnomaguidebook ketab e rahnomaguidedog sag e rahnomaguitar gitargum bira

hair muhalf nesfham gusht e khuk

hammer chakkoshhammock nanuhand dasthappy shad/kosh halharbour penhanhard (not easy) sakhthave dashtanhay fever tab e sarmakhordaghihe o/mardhead sarheadache sar dardhealth salamatihear shonidanhearing aid hala e ghoshheart qualbheat garmaheater bokhariheavy sanginhello salamhelp komak kardan

hepatitis hipatitherb alafhere injahigh belandhigh bld. pressure feshar e khun e balaahike piyade ravi kardanhill tapahndu henduto hire keraya kardanHIV positive mariz e eidzholiday roghssati/ta'tilihomeless bikhanemanihomosexual hamjensbazhoney asalhorrible vahshatnakhorse asp

32

hospital shafakhanahot garmhot water ab e garmhouse khanahow chetorhuman rights hoghgugh e basharhundred sadhungry goresna husband shohar

I manice yakhice cream shir yakhidentification hoviyyatidiot ahmaghif agarill mariz

immigration maha jeratimportant mohemminclude shamel budanindicator rahnomaindigestion su e hazemaindustry san'atinequality nabarabariinjection tazrighinjury kassaminside dakhelinstructor morabbiinsurance bimaintense feshordainteresting jalebinternational beynolmelaliinterview mosaheba ireland ierlanditch khareshIUD ayud

jack jakat

jacket cortijail zendanjanuary januaryjar botal e shishaiijealous hasudjeans jinjeep jipjewellery zevaratjwish yahudijob shogljob centre markaz karjoke latifajournalist roznnama negarjudge ghazijuice ab e mivajump khiz zadanjune junejustice hadalat

kebab shop kebabikey kelidkick lagadkidney kolfkill koshtankilogram kilogeramkilometre kilometrkind mehrabanking SHAHkiss busidankitchen ashpazkhanaknapsack kule poshtiknee zanuknife chaquouknow (someone) shenakhtanknow (something) danestan

lace band e kafsh lake band ab

33

lamb barra land zamin language zaban large bardarlast akherlate dir laugh khanda law ghanun lawyer vakil laxative molayyem laziness tanbali lazy tan bal leaded gas sorb darleader lidarleague jam e kharamanito learn amoghtanleather charmleather goods vasayel e charmiledge kenarleft behind barja mandanleft chaplegislation ghanun gozariless kamletter namalar durugh gulice shepeshlife zendaghilight cheraghlike khosh dashtanline khatlip lablisten gush kardanlittle (small) kuchaklittle (amount} kamlocal mahallilocal bus sarvice mahallocation keraya/mahallock basta/ghofllong daraz

long distance rah e durlook negah kardanlook after moraghebat kardanlook for josteju kardanloose shollose bakhtan/gom kardanloss bakhtanlot ziyadloud boland love dust dashtanlow payinloyal wafadarluck chancelucky khosh chanceluggage barlump parchalunch nan e chashtluxury khosh gozarani

machine machinemad divunamagazine mojallamagician sho'bada bazmail postmain road jadda e aslimain squre meydan e aslimajority aksariyatmake sakhtanman mardmanager modirmanual worker kargarmany kheyli/ziad map naghshamarch marsmargarine marguerinmarital vasslat status assassnamamarket bazar

34

marriage ezdevaj kardanmarry ezdevaj marvellous alimassage payghammat hasirmatch mosabekamatches goguerdmattress toshakmaybe shayadmay maymayor shahr darmechanic mekanikmedal medal/neshanmedicine (drug) dava/darumeditation ebadatmeet molakaatmember ozvmenstruation adatmenu list e ghazamessage peyghammetal felezmetre metrmigraine migrenmilitary service wazifa e asskarimilk shirmind zehnmineral water ab ma'daniminute dakika/daquiquamirror ayinamiscarriage noqussan/seghtmiss dequ shodanmistake ghalatmix makhlut kardanmobile phone mobilemonday doshambemoney pulmonkey meymunmonth mahmoon mahtab

more bissiarmorning sobmosque masjedmother in law khoshoomotorboat keshti machin darmotorcycle motorsikletmountain kuhmountain path masir e kuhmountain range reshte kuhmouth mushmovie film/cinemaamud ghelmum maadarmuscle azalamuseum muziammusic musikhimusician musighi danmuslim mosolmanmute guongha/lal

name esm/namnever hich vaght/harguznew taza/jadidnews akhbar news agency roznama forushi newspaper roznama new year's day roz e sal e now next badi next to nazdik enice khubnight shabnine nohnineteen nozdahninety navadninth nohomnoise sar o saddanoisy por sar o saddanon-direct gheyr e mostaghim

35

none hichnoon nan zohr/nan e chashtnorth shamalnose bininose. (inf) domaghnotebook ketabcha/daftarchanothing hich chiznot yet hanoz nanovel (book) romanNovember novambernow halanuclear energy eneregi ye hastahinun rahebanurse parastar

obvious vazeh / ashkarocean oquya-nusoctober oktoberoffence tohinoffice daftaroffice work daftar e karoften aghlaboil (cook) roghanoil (crude) naft/teelOK okold kohna/pirold city shahr e quadimiolive oil roghan e zeytunolives zeytunon daron time be moque~once yak bar one million yak milyononly faquatopen baz opening majraoperation amal e amalyat

opinion aghidaopposite mokhalefoptician haynak sazor yaoral zabani/shafahiorange narenjiorange (fruit) narenj/maltaorchestra orkestarorder dasturordinary addiorganise sazeman dadanoriginal asliother digaroutside birunover ru yeoverdose masraf e efratiowe quarz dashtanowner saheboxygen oxygen

pacifier cho shakpackage basta/pakatpadlock ghofl e zanjirpage safhapain dardpainful dard nakpain in the neck mozahempainkiller mosakkenpaint rang kardanpair joft/jorapalace quaserpan deeghpap smear pap ismeyrpaper kaghazparaplegic falaj e dastparcel basta e postiparents valideynpark park kardan

36

parliament majles shorapart ghesmatparty mehmaniparty (politics) hezbpass javaz e oburpassenger mosaferpassive geyr e faalpassport pasportpath masirpatient saburpay pardakhtanpeace solhpeak aojpen (ballpoint) qalampencil pencelpenis alat tanaseli mardpenknife chaghu ye jibipeople mardompepper morchpercent fisadiperformance liaqateperiod pain dard e mahanapermanent da'emipermission ejaza dashtanpermit ejazaperson fard personality shakhsiyatperspire araqu kardanpetition shekayatpetrol petrol/benzinpharmacy darukhanaphone book rahnoma e telefonphone box hala e telefonphoto aksphotogaphy akkasipick-axe; kolangpick up bardashtanpiece daana/tekka

pig khukpill tabletpill (contracep) tablet e zed e ham. pillow baleshpillowcase robaleshipink golabipipe (tube) teubpipe (tobacco) payppizza pitzaplace mahall / japlace of birth mahall e tavallodplain saada/aassanplane taiyaraplant kashtanplastic pelastikplate boshquabplateau patnuss/falatplatform maydanplay (theatre) nomayeshplay (game) bazi kardanplug doshakha e barghpocket jibpoetry she'rpoint (tip) noquta/nookpoint noqtapoker pokerpolice polispolitics siyassatpolitician siyassat madarpollen gardpolls ara' e omumipollution aludaghi haowapool haouspoor faghirpopular mosh hurpossible momkenpostcard postcartpostcode kod e posti

37

poster posterpost office posta khanapoverty ghorbatpower qodratprayer do'aprayer book ketab e do'aprefer tarjih dadanpregnant hamelapresentation mahrefi kardanpresident (state} ra'ispressure feshar dehendapretty maqbulprevent jeloghiriprice nerkhpride ghorurpriest kashishprime minister sadr e azamprisoner zendaniprisoner (of war) asir jangprivate shakhsiproduce> tolid kardanproducer tolid konendaprofession car/herfa /shogholprofit sudprogram program/barnamaprojector projectorpromise vadaproposal peshnehadprotect ehefazat kardanprotest entequad kardanpublic toilet tuvalet e omumipull kashidan/kash kardanpump pomp puncture pancharipunish tambiha/jaza dadanpure khalesspush tela kardanput gozashtan

qualification liyaquat quality naviatt

quaranhne quarantine

quarrel davaquarter karta question sowalqueue radif/ safquit isstifaa dadan

rabbit khargushrace nejadracism nejhad parsastiradiator radiyatorrain baranrape tajavozrare kamyab.rate of pay mizan e hughugh

raw kham razor rish tarash razor blade tegh e rishtarashi read khandanready hazer/aamadarealise dark kardanreason dalilreceipt rasidreceive daryaft kardanrecent akher recent!y awakherrecognise shenakh tandanrecommend towssiah kardanrecording zabt red sorgh reference marjareflection en'ekas/aks el amamlrefrigerator yakhchalrefugee panahenda refund pass dadan refuse rad kardanregional mantaquawi registered mail ragistary

38

regret peshayman shodanrelationship rabetarelax esterahat kardanreligion maz-habreligious mazhabiremember ba yad avardanrent keraya/ejararepeat tekrar kardanrepublic jumhurireservation zakhira/rezarfreserve rezarf kardanresignation este'farespect ehteramrest (relaxation) esterahatrest (what's left) baaqhirestaurant restoranretired taqawodireturn bazghashtanreview barrassirib ghabogha/dandarice berenjrich serwatmandride randanright (correct) dorostright (not left) rastright - to be hagh dashtanring zangrip off choor kardanrisk khatarriver darya / rodkhanaroad (main) jadda /sarakroad map naghsha e jaddarob dozdidanrock sokhra/kho nawardiromance ashekhanaroom otakroom number shomara e otakrope tanab

round guerdrubbish ashghal/kassafatrug farshruin kharaba/wayranirules mogarraratrun davidan

sad ghamguinsaddle zinsafe aman/amn saint moqadasssalary maahashsale foroshsalt namaksame massavisand righsandwich sandwichsanitary napkin navar behdashtisaturday shanbesave(money) pas andaz kardansave (rescue) nejat dadan~say goftanscarf rusari/chadarschool madrassa/ maktabscience elmscientist daneshmandscissors queychito score emtiyazscoreboard jadval e emtiyazaatscreen safhasculpture mojasemasea bahrseaside kenar e bahrseat choki/sandali seatbelt kamarbandsecond dooumsecretary monshi/sakartarsee didan

39

selfish khodkha sell forokhtansend ferestadansensible assasssentence (words) jomlasentence (prison)hokmseparate joda kardanseptember septamberseries majmu'eserious jeddiservice kedmatservice (relig) marasemseveral chandinto sew khayyati kardansex (gender) jensiyyatsex (intercourse) amezesh e jensishadow sayashampoo shamposhape sheklshare with shariki este. kardanshave tarashidanshe kanomsheep gusfandship keshtishirt baalaatana/perahanshoes boutteshop dokanshoot tir andazi kardanshopping kahrid kartanshort shalvarakstory dastan e khotahshortage kambudshoulder shana shout dad zadanshow neshan dadanshower shower/dushshowers ragbar

shrine maghbara/aramgahto shut bastanshy khejalatisick marizsickness mariziside tarafsign ala matsign to emza kardansignature emzasilk abrishomsilver noghrasimilar shabiehsimple saadasin gonahsince (May) az (meh)to sing avaz khandansinger khanendasingle (person) yak nafarsingle room otak e yak nafarisister khaharsit neshastansize (of thing) andazaskin postskirt damansky aassmansleep khabidan

sleepinig bag lawazem khabsleeping pill dawa e khabsleepy khab aloudslide (film) eslaydslow ahestaslowly ahestasmall kochaksmell bo kardansmile labkhand zadansmoke segret kashidansnake mar

40

snow barfsoap saboonsocial science aulum e ejtemaiisecurity amniatsocks jorabsolid mahkam/jamedsome bazesomebody kassesomeone yek danasomething chizisometimes bazi vaghtason pesarsong avazsoon ba zudisore throat galou dardsorry mota'assefsound saddasouth junubspace fazaspeak sohbat kordanspecial makhsusspecialist motakhassessspeed sor'atspeed limit hadd e moyan e sor"atspicy (hot) tondspider ankabutspine nokha' e chowkisport varzesh/sportesprain rag be rag shodaghispring (season) bahar spring (coil) fanar/springsquare morabba'stadium estadyomstage (play) sahnastairway zinastamp posta

standard estandardstandard life sath e zendeghistars setaraganstart shorostation istgahstay (remain) mandanstay (somwehere) estequamat kardansteal dozdidansteam bokharsteep saraziristewed fruit merabaa/kompotstockings jorab e darazstomach me'dastone sangstop istgahstop tavaghgof kardanstorm tufanstory dastanstove ojaghstraight mostaquimstrange ajibstranger karijistream jeryanstreet

khiyoaban/jada/sarakstreet demo tazahorat e khiyabanistreet-seller dast foroshstrength quowata strike e'tesabstring risman/zanjir

stroll (walk) gardeshstrong quavistubborn kalla sheq student danesh amozstudio apartoman khochakstupid aghmaghsuburb mantaqa/homasuccess movaffaghiyat

41

suffer ranj bordansugar shakarsuitcase bax summer tabestan sun aftab sunburn aftab sukhtaghisunday yak shanbe sunflower gol e aftab gardansunglasses aynak aftabi sunny aftabi sunrise tolo sunset ghorubsure hatmansurname esm e kuchak surprise ta'ajjob survive zenda mandan sweater jakat sweet shirinswim shena kardan sympathetic delsozsynthetic masnowisyringe peach-kari

table miztail dom/kamartake (away) bordantalk . harf zadantall beland tasty khoshmazatax maliiyatteacher mo'allemteam timtear (crying) ashktechnique fann/tekniktelegram telgueraftelephone telefon kardantell goftantemperature(fever) tab

temper (weather) hawatemple ma'badten dahtent peg kaymatenth dahomterm of office dora e daftarterrible vahshatnaktest testthank tashakkor kardantheatre te'atrthey unathick zakhimthief dozdthin (things) nazokthink fekr kardanthird se'omthirsty tashnathirteen sizdahthirty sithought fekrthree quarters se chaharomthroat galuthursday panj shanbeticket tekettight saghttimetable jadval e zamanitin can quoti/jabahtin opener dar baz kontip (gratuity) an'am/teptired khastatissues dastmal kaghazitoast (bread) nan e tosttobacco tanbakutoilet (paper) tashnab/tovalettomorrow fardatonight em shab

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too (as well)

hamchenin/hamintortooth dandantoothache dandan dardtoothbrush bors e dandantoothpaste crim e danduntorch cheragh dastytouch lamss kardantour gardeshtourist touristtrack ( (path) rad e paa/masirtraffic raft o aamadtranslate tarjomani kardantravel safar kardantravel agency daftar e mosaferatitravel sick marizi safartraveller mosafertravellers check chekemosaferatitree darakhttrek safar e piyada e tulanitrip safartrousers dereshitruck kamiyontrue dorost/mostaquimtrust e'temad kardantruth ha qhiqhattry emtahan kardantuesday se shanbetune tanzimtwelve davazdahtwenty bisttwice dobartwin beds tak. e khabe do nafarityre tayer

umbrella chatriuncle amu/kaakaaunderpant lebas e zirunderstand fahmidanunemployed bekarunion ettehadiyauniverse hasti

university daneshgahunleaded bedun e sorbunsafe na amnuntil (June) ta/ghabl az onunusual gheyr e addiup baalauphill sarbalayiurgent ajel/ezterariuseful mofid

vacant khalivacation tafrihvaccination voksinasyon ~volley panjara /darvaluable ba arzeshvalue quiymat/arzeshvan tappvegetable sabzivegetarian sabzi khorvein ragvenereal dis. bimanye very kheyli video tape vidio kassettview didvillage rusta/quariya vine tak/bagh e ungur vineyard takestan virus virus visa vizavisit didar kardan vitamin vitaminvolume (voice) bolandi volume (quantity) hojmvote ra-y

wait sabr kon!waiter garson/pishkhedmatwaiting room otak e entezarwalk rah raftonwall divarwant khastanwar jangwarm garmwarn ekhtar dadanwash shostanwashing mach. machin e lebas shuyiwatch sa'at

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watch tamasha kardanwater abwater mineral ab e ma'daniwater bottle bottal e abwaterfall absharwave mojway rahwealthy serwatmandwear pushidanweather havawedding arusiwednesday chahar shanbeweek haftaweekend akher e haftaweigh vazn kardanwelcome khosh amadenwelfare refahwell khubwest gharbwet tarwhat chiwheel charkhwheelchair choki e charkh darwhen kaywhere kojawhite safedwho ki whole tamam7 hamawhy cherawide vassi/bozorghwife zanwild wahshiwin bordanwind badwindow panjarawindscreen shisha e jelowine sharabwinner barendawinter zemestanwire simwise aaqhelwish arezo kardanwith bawithin dakhelwithin an hour dar yak sa'atwithout bedun ewithout filter bedun e filterwolf gorg

woman khanom/zanwonderful aaliwood chobwood pashmword loghatwork kar kardonworkshop warak shop/dastghaworld donyaworm kermworried negaranworship ebadatworth arzeshwound zakhemwrite neveshtanwrong ghalatyear salyellow zardyesterday diruzyet hanozyou (pl) shomayoung javanzero sefr

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