CRCL Morning Plenary TMDLs and Water Quality Trading: Updates from the State of Oregon Benjamin...

7/30/2019 CRCL Morning Plenary TMDLs and Water Quality Trading: Updates from the State of Oregon Benjamin Benninghoff

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/crcl-morning-plenary-tmdls-and-water-quality-trading-updates-from-the-state 1/32

Department of Environmental Quality

9th Annual Clean Rivers Clean Lake

Conference

April 25, 2013

Benjamin Benninghoff

DEQ Municipal Stormwater Coordinator




Oregon [ ‘Orygun’] Topography

Sea Level - 500ft.

Above 6000ft.




Temperate Rainforest…or High Desert??

<10

15-20

10-15

20-30

>18040-60

30-40 I n c h e s

140-180

100-140

60-80

80-100

Spatial Climate Analysis Service,

Oregon State University

Average Annual Precipitation




General Oregon Land Cover

Ag

Barren

Urban

ForestGrass

Juniper

Shrub

Water




Oregon

Landscapes




Presentation Outline

• History/background

• Program structure/approach• Adaptive Management• Reasonable Assurance

• Implementation• Urban sources, Agriculture, Forestry• Lessons learned

• Trading

Oregon’s TMDL Program




Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)

• Developed for ‘impaired’ waterbodies.

• Defines amount of pollutants a specifiedwaterbody can receive and still meet Water Quality

Standards (i.e., Loading Capacity).

• Requires USEPA approval

WLA – Wasteload Allocation for Point sources, including MS4s

LA – Load Allocations for Nonpoint sources/Natural background

MOS – Margin of Safety

WLA + LA + MOS = TMDL




Oregon’s TMDL Program History

Oregon TMDL Major Milestones• 1988 – 1st TMDLs approved

• 1998 – Litigation - Expanded 303(d) list

• 2000 – TMDL consent decree

• 2010 – TMDLs completed

Oregon Administrative Rules (OAR)Chapter 340, Division 042

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/tmdls/info.htm





Department of Environmental Quality Oregon TMDL Process




Which TMDL Applies?

•List of USEPA Approved TMDLs for Oregon

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/tmdls/basinlist.htm





Department of Environmental Quality DEQ TMDL Adaptive Management Approach

Plan TMDLs &

Implementation Plans

ImplementBMPs , Restoration &

Monitoring

Monitor Implementation &

EffectivenessMonitoring

EvaluateCompare Monitoring

withObjectives

AdjustCapture & Share

Learning

Revise Plan as needed

• Assess• CWA Objectives

• 303d Listing

Periodically review

overall WatershedManagement

Program




TMDL Implementation - Urban Sources

•Oregon Department of Environmental Quality• OAR 340

• Applies to State and Local Land Use Authoritiesand other sources

• Water Quality Management Plan• NPDES or state WPCF permits

• Permit conditions (numeric or narrative)• TMDL Implementation Plans (IP)

• Must align with Statewide Planning Goals




TMDL Implementation – Forestry

•Oregon Department of Forestry• OAR 629

• Applies to State, Local and Private Forests

• BMPs for Riparian Areas, Replanting, RoadConstruction, and other Maintenance

• Written plan required

http://www.oregon.gov/ODF/privateforests/pages/fpakeys.aspx






TMDL Implementation – Agriculture

• Oregon Department of Agriculture• OAR 603

• Applies to CAFOs and other agricultural sources

• Agriculture Water Quality Management Program• CAFOs – NPDES permits• 39 management areas

• Focus - manure management, riparian

condition, erosion•Rules – Identifies prohibited condition• Area plans – Best Management Practices

http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/NRD/Pages/water_quality_front.aspx






Urban Runoff Source TMDL Implementation

• Point source = NPDES permit (i.e., MS4) =Stormwater Management Plan

• Non-point source = TMDL Implementation Plan

Presumptive ApproachImplement BMPs = Progress towards TMDL WLA/LA

• Annual Reports Submittal and Review• Comprehensive Plan Review and Update = 5 years

• MS4 Phase I Permittees must conduct monitoring

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/stormwater/stormwater.htm






TMDL-related Monitoring –

Gresham Group MS4 Permit

Monitoring Type

Monitoring

Location(s)

Monitoring

Frequency

Pollutant Parameter

Analyte(s)

Instream Monitoring

Four (4)

sites in the

Johnson

Creek

Four (4)

events/year

Field; Conventional; Metals

(Total Recoverable &

Dissolved); Nutrients

Continuous Instream

Monitoring

Two (2)

continuous

monitoring

stations

OngoingTemperature

Flow




TMDL-related Monitoring –

Gresham Group MS4 Permit (Cont.)

Stormwater

Monitoring –

Storm Event

Three (3) sitesThree (3)

events/year

Field; Conventional;

Metals (Total Recoverable

& Dissolved); Nutrients;

Pesticides

Macro-

invertebrateMonitoring

Two (2) sites inthe Johnson Creek One (1)event/year ------------

Structural BMP

Monitoring

One (1) site – inlet

and outlet

Two (2)

events/year

through Dec. 31,

2013

Field; Conventional;

Metals (Total Recoverable

& Dissolved); Nutrients;

Monitoring

Type

Monitoring

Location(s)

Monitoring

Frequency

Pollutant Parameter

Analyte(s)




Progress towards TMDL WLA

Permit/TMDL Plan Review Years5 10 15 20

TMDL

WLA

P o l l u t a n t

L o a d

TMDL Benchmark Reduction

‘MEP’ or ‘RA’

MEP: Maximum Extent Practicable RA: Reasonable Assurance




TMDL Benchmark Development

• Qualitative narrative vs. Quantitative model

• Describe estimated pollutant reductions in

narrative and/or use visual graphics.

• Use performance measures (e.g., measurable

goals, water quality monitoring) and BMP-based benchmarks to verify progress.

• Assess each BMP for pollutant reductioneffectiveness for each TMDL WLA pollutant.

TMDL WLA



Department of Environmental Quality Estimate Existing

Pollutant Loadbased on current

land use

Estimate PollutantLoad Reduction

achieved throughimplementation of existing SWMP

BMPs

Compare estimatedpollutant load

achieved throughreductions to WLA

Is WLA being met?NO

Propose additionalor alternative BMPsto show progress

towards WLAbased on MEP

Standard

Estimate PollutantLoad consideringfuture land use

Estimate PollutantLoad Reductionbased on future

implementation of proposed BMPs

Identify targeted TMDL Benchmark

Implementproposed BMPs

Conduct Step 1 andStep 2 once during

permit term todetermine if TMDLbenchmark is met.

Was benchmark met?

Use iterativemanagement processto reassess SWMPand determine what

additional or alternativeBMPs may be needed

YES

Continue toImplement,

Operate, Maintainand/or iterativelymanage SWMP

BMPs

1 2 3

6 5 4

TMDL WLA Evaluation

TMDL Benchmark Development

YES

Start over at Step5 and begin TMDL

BenchmarkDevelopment

Process again.Repeat until WLA

is met.

7 8 9

TMDL WLA

Evaluation &

Benchmark

Development

Process

Quantitative

Approach




Examples of BMPs for bacteria benchmarks

• Comprehensive cross-connectionprogram and remove 100% of cross-connections within 30 days.

• Education campaign at 5 dogparks/high dog use areas during wet-weather season. Coordinate bacteriamonitoring and use other tracking

measures to determine effectiveness.

• Reduce EIA of large parking lots orrooftops by 10% jurisdiction-wide.




Lower Willamette River SubBasin

4th Field HUC

17090012

- City of Gresham




City of Gresham TMDL Evaluation/

Benchmark Development – J ohnson Creek Willamette Watershed

5th Field HUC

1709001201




Lessons Learned

• Clearly Identify Performance Expectations• Important for trading – e.g., MEP standard

• Identify Assessment Scale• Geographical Spatial Scale – Management Unit• Oregon - 6th Field HUC

• Monitoring and tracking success• How will this be determined?• Discuss early and often




Future Considerations

• Implementation-ready TMDLs

• Determining adequacy of resources

• Using surrogates to assess progress

• Comprehensive environmental monitoring

• WLA Attainment Verification vs. TMDL Revision

f i l Q li




TMDL Trading

Where are the trades occurring?

Columbia BasinRogue River Basin

Tualatin Basin

What is currently traded in Oregon? Temperature – Point/Non-pointBOD/Ammonia – Point/Point

Bacteria ≠ Trades

Most common urban runoff related TMDL pollutant in

Oregon

D f E i l Q li




Tualatin TMDL Trading Case Study

Clean Water Services – watershed-based permitWastewater treatment plants (4)Municipal stormwaterIndustrial stormwater

http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/cwspermit.htm

Trading –• Obtain credits from NPS for riparian restoration

(stream shading)

• Augment instream flows (↑ baseflow)• Intramunicipal for BOD/ammonia discharge loads

D f E i l Q li






Tualatin Temperature Profileon July 27,1999

D t t f E i t l Q lit




0

20

1 20

Time (years)

C o o l i n g Cooling via

Refrigeration

Cooling viaShade from

Trees

Compensating for Growth Rate of Trees

The equation modified…

Length of Stream Required=2 x Excess Heat Load(Reduced Daily Solar Load x River Width)





Lessons Learned

• If stakeholders appreciate that trading can be abetter way to protect the resource, they mayaccept:

– Longer timeframe for implementation

– Environmental benefit in a location otherthan at the outfall

– Uncertainty

• Use a stakeholder group to design the trade.− Where you don’t have rules, you betterhave trust.

• Litigation can change everything





Contact Information

Benjamin Benninghoff Municipal Stormwater Coordinator

#503-229-5185

[email protected] 811 SW Sixth Ave., Portland, OR 97204-1390

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

CRCL Morning Plenary TMDLs and Water Quality Trading: Updates from the State of Oregon Benjamin...

Documents

Transcript of CRCL Morning Plenary TMDLs and Water Quality Trading: Updates from the State of Oregon Benjamin...