♯ Nerve Motor Sensory Test Origin Passage

I Olfactory None SmellSniff two different scents with alternating nostrils

Embryonic: Nasal placode. Anatomical: Olfactory Mucosa in anteriosuperior nasal cavity Cribiform Plate

II Optic None

Sight: Axons from retinal layers converge on optic disc and form nerve.

Visual acuity: distance letter (Snellen) chartVisual fields: white pin wheelOptic Nerve: red pin

Embryonic: retinal ganglion cell. Anatomical: Occipital lobe

Optic foramen, body of sphenoid

III OculomotorPupil constriction, opening eyelid None

Pupillary reflex: pen light to each eyeCotton wool corneal reflex

Embryonic: basal plate of midbrainAnatomical: midbrain Superior Orbital fissure

IV Trochlear

Innervates Superior oblique extraocular muscle None

Following pen light with eyes – H and out and inFar window to near pen light

Embryonic: basal plate of midbrainAnatomical: caudal mesencephalon Superior Orbital fissure

V Trigeminal Biting and chewing

Head and face, mucous membranes of mouth, nose, & paranasal sinuses

Poking face with cottonPoking face blunt & sharpBiting down & feelingJaw jerk reflex

Embryonic: sensory from cranial neural crest; motor from basal plate of PonsAnatomical: Pons

V1: Superior Orbital fissureV2: Round foramenV3: Foramen ovale

VI AbducensLateral rectus extraocular muscle None

Following pen light with eyes – H and out and inCover eyes alternating

Embryonic: basal plate of ponsAnatomical: Pons & Medulla Superior Orbital fissure

VII Facial Facial expression Taste

Show teeth, purse lips, blow cheeks, raise eyebrows, squint. Same with resistance.

Embryonic: hyoid arch, basal plate of pons, cranial neural crest. Anatomical: Pons Internal auditory canal

VIII Vestibulocochlear Balance Hearing

Rustle fingersTuning forkMarching on spotWalking – turning, heels, toes

Embryonic: basal plate of medulla, cranial neural crestAnatomical: Medulla Internal auditory canal

IX Glossopharyngeal Swallowing Taste Say “Ah”, cough, swallow

Embryonic: basal plate of medulla, cranial neural crestAnatomical: Medulla Jugular foramen

X VagusSpeech, heart rate, peristalsis, sweating Internal organs If they have been talking Anatomical: Medulla

Through diaphragm @ T10Jugular foramen

XI Accessory Shrugging & rotation None Shrug, turn head, resistanceEmbryonic: basal plate of C1-6Anatomical: Upper spinal cord Jugular foramen

XII Hypoglossal Muscles of tongue NoneTongue to side of mouth, resistance

Embryonic: basal plate of medullaAnatomical: ventromedial medulla Hypoglossal canal