CPR Safer for All? - Canford · CPR Canford | Prysmian Group | 2017 2 What is the Construction...

CPR Safer for All?CABLE SEMINAR – ABTT 2017

2CPR Canford | Prysmian Group | 2017

What is the Construction Product Regulation?

Mandatory labelling of all cable products that are permanently installed a civil works.No cable can move on the market without approval to the CPR.All imports cannot cross into Europe without the CE CPR markingOwners of a Brand, automatically become the “Manufacturer” who shall comply with all parts of the Regulation: nothing can be left to a 3rd

partyBS6701, advisory document for communication cable to the IEE Regulations Code of Practice, clearly states how the new Euroclasses shall be considered.

What are the Euroclasses and why are they necessary?


• European Community writes a Directive for “Construction Products”• Construction Product’s Directive accepted “cables” as being part of the

building• New CPD test Rig designed to test “long thin things”: an improvement

on the 60332-3 rig• New Requirements, Total Heat, Heat Release Rate (HR), and

additionally, Smoke and Acid (for the first time)• 2013 – made into a Regulation…Nations shall apply!

History 1997-2016


• London Kings Cross Underground Metro station fire 1987

• Main issues were escape routes and smoke

• Smoke tests 3m³ (same size as a tunnel) with 60% limit

• London Borough of Westminster requests only LS cables installed

• HF – LS material developed

Difficult realities… where did Low Smoke material come from?


Which essential characteristics of cables are under the CPR?

• Reaction to fire and (Resistance to fire: not ready yet!)

These support the basic requirements for construction works:

• Safety in case of fire

• Hygiene, health and the environment

Cable supply under the CPR



Which essential characteristics of cables are under the CPR?

• Reaction to fire, broken down into:

–Heat Release (especially “total”)

–Rate of Heat release (important, especially for Fire Fighters)

–Flame spread

–Smoke (now known as being the main killer)

–Why is this an improvement?


7

IEE Wiring Regs (BS7671)

Every indoor cable should (shall?) meet as a minimum 60332-1-2!

However in areas where there is a greater risk:

EN 60332-3 Series… (old ladder test with 20Kw flame, only testing for flame spread, which is not necessarily the major contributing factor to the fire!)

The actual section of the standard is not made clear…

Previous Regulations IEE Regs?


8

60332-3 series has “Flame Spread” as a criteria…only!

60332-3 “series” designed for different cable of outside diameter’s

Loading the ladder dependent on OD.

Biggest load was 7litres (designed for very large energy cables): to whom some believed was the toughest test!

However a small data cable loaded onto the 7litre ladder, even though it fails 60332-1, passes 60332-3!

60332-3-** Weaknesses!


Classification, test methods and AVCP systems

4 - initial type-testing and FPC bymanufacturer

F

EN 60332-1-2Flame propagationE

3 - initial type-testing by 3rd partynotified testing laboratory-FPC by manufacturer

D

C

B2

Smoke production(s1a, s1b, s2, s3)

EN50399/EN61034-2

Acidity(a1, a2, a3)

EN 50267-2-3

Flaming droplets(d0, d1, d2)EN 50399

EN 50399Heat releaseFlame spread

EN 60332-1-2Flame propagation

B1

1+- initial type-testing and factoryinspection and continuoussurveillance of factory productioncontrol (FPC) with audit testing ofsamples by 3rd party productcertification body

EN ISO 1716Gross heat of combustionA

AVCPsystem

Additionalcriteria

Classificationcriteria

Euroclass(ca)

CE marking cable reaction to fire performance


• Other large scale fires studied in depth

• Studies into fire/flame safety now very complex

• Acid – halogens – toxicity – (all effluents) an issue

• Criteria for the assessment of each building / area

• Density of people at any one time

In depth investigations


A good example Class Cca

only closest allowable replacement to 60332-3!


History, a reminder! Fire Spread in Building due to Cabling


LOW FIRE-HAZARD CABLES – Saving lives, reducing injuries and preventing damage

Low fire-hazard cables installed in buildings improve fire safety: at home, at the workplace and in public places like hospitals, theatres, airports or train stations.In 1950 the average time from ignition of a fire to flashover was 15 minutes. Today, fatal conditions can occur after as little as 3 minutes. The most commonly identified cause of death from a fire incident is being overcome by gas or smoke which accounts for 44% of all deaths.Given these facts, the only possible conclusions are:

•that the reduction of smoke and effluent gases is relevant to

saving human lives and facilitating the work of rescue teams;

•that the increased use of plastics in the last 50 years has had a

dramatic effect on escape times

A Statement from the European Cable Association ECBL


Construction works must be designed and built in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire:

• the generation and spread of fire and smoke within the constructionworks are limited

• the spread of fire to neighboring construction works is limited

• occupants can leave the construction works or be rescued by othermeans

• the safety of rescue teams is taken into consideration


What are the “safety in case of fire” requirements relevant to cables?


SMOKE!

SMOKE!

• Heat release…• Smoke

• Flame Spread…

Which is most important?

Safety Limits improved?


CE marking – no borders…

CE marking – no internal national limits allowed!

• CPR does not in itself impose requirements on the level ofperformance of products.

• Setting safety levels remains a national responsibility:

• CPR introduces obligatory Declaration of Performance and CEmarking of cables for construction works with their fireperformance



The Product standard – hEN 50575

Scope

• Electric cables used for supply of electricity and for control and

communication purposes, which are intended for use in construction

works and subject to performance requirements on reaction to fire

• Electric cables includes power, control and communication cables,

including optical fibre cables

• Note that there is no voltage restriction




4 - initial type-testing and FPC by manufacturer

F


3 - initial type-testing by 3rd party notified testing laboratory-FPC by manufacturer

D

C

B2


EN50399/EN61034-2

Acidity(a1, a2, a3)

EN 50267-2-3




B1

1+- initial type-testing and factory inspection and continuous surveillance of factory production control (FPC) with audit testing of samples by 3rd party product certification body

EN ISO 1716Gross heat of combustionA

AVCPsystem

Additionalcriteria


Euroclass(ca)





F



D

C

B2


EN50399/EN61034-2

Acidity(a1, a2, a3)

EN 50267-2-3




B1

1+- initial type-testing and factoryinspection and continuoussurveillance of factoryproduction control (FPC) withaudit testing of samples by 3rdparty product certification body

AVCPsystem

Additionalcriteria


Euroclass(ca)



F



D

C

B2


EN50399/EN61034-2

Acidity(a1, a2, a3)

EN 50267-2-3




B1

1+- initial type-testing andfactory inspection andcontinuous surveillance offactory production control(FPC) with audit testing ofsamples by 3rd partyproduct certification body

AVCPsystem

Additionalcriteria


Euroclass(ca)





F


3 - initial type-testing by 3rdparty notified testinglaboratory-FPC by manufacturer

D

C

B2


EN50399/EN61034-2

Acidity(a1, a2, a3)

EN 50267-2-3




B1

1+- initial type-testing andfactory inspection andcontinuous surveillance offactory production control(FPC) with audit testing ofsamples by 3rd party productcertification body

AVCPsystem

Additionalcriteria


Euroclass(ca)




Ranking table…reaction to fire!

Ignitability Ignitability Ignitability

Smoke heat release/flame spread Corrosive fire effluent

Heat release/flame spread Smoke Heat release/flame

spread

Toxic fire effluent Corrosive fire effluent Smoke

Corrosive fire effluent Toxic fire effluent Toxic fire effluent

Typical guidelines from advisory documents TR62222and BS8492


• Why have a Flame / Fire performace?

• IEC

• UL

• EN – CPR

• Advantages

• Disadvantages

• Comparrison

• How to relate

EN standards fully integrated into CPR


CE marking cable fire performance

• CE marking signifies compliance with applicable legislation and ispassport to the “common” market

• CE marking already in place under LVD with manufacturer declarationwhereas CPR requires third party intervention even for Class E

• CE marking under the CPR is possible now (1/7/16 DoA) the applicableharmonised product standards are issued and endorsed by EC. Productstandard for cable reaction to fire is published: future product standardfor resistance to fire is not yet published.

• Voluntary certification to Euroclasses possible when standards available• CE marking should not be affixed unless a DoP has been drawn up• For products covered by harmonised standards there are limited

derogations from the need to draw up a DoP (e.g. custom made inresponse to specific order)

Marking of cables: from

1st July


25

Cable solutions serving communication needs in INFRASTRUCTURE, INDUSTRY AND TRANSPORT, for a diverse range of applications: cables for television and film studios, cables for rail networks, light-signalling cables and cables for track switching devices, as well as cables for mobile telecommunications antennae and for communication networks.

BUSINESS INVOLVED


EN50399: Oh NO – cable failed tests…


Thank you.

CPR Safer for All? - Canford · CPR Canford | Prysmian Group | 2017 2 What is the Construction...

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