CPC full training material.pdf

8/9/2019 CPC full training material.pdf

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18 March 2014

CPC 100 Training Course

Agenda

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Agenda of the training course

(CPC100)

> Safety of the CPC 100 Training course

> CPC 100 Hardware

> CPC 100 Basic Operations

> CPC 100 Tool Set (Start Page)

> CPC 100: CT Testing

> Power Transformer Diagnostics - Introduction

> Power Transformer Testing with CPC 100

> Primary Test Manager (PTM)


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18 March 2014

Safety of the CPC 100 course

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]


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General Safety Information's

Read the reference manual carefully! Only trainedpersonnel is allowed to operate the CPC 100

Work in accordance with the general and local safety

regulations (DIN EN 50191, VDE104...)

Always follow the five safety rules!

Important:You are responsible for safety!


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Working with CPC 100

IMPORTANT: Connect CPC100 ground terminal securelyto a location near the device BEFORE testing!

In case of DANGER press the EMERGENCY stop button

Before touching any terminals or connecting /

disonnecting wires, check the warning lights on

the front panel of the CPC 100

Lock the device with the safety key lock when youleave the CPC unattended!


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The five safety rules

Important! Switching off the HV in the substationand the grounding procedure is the job of the utility

personnel!

Isolate Protect against re-connecting

Check isolation

Earth and short circuit

Cover neighbouring live parts


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Safety Briefing for Training

> Please read the safety instructions carefully and sign it afterwards


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18 March 2014

CPC 100 Hardware

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]


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CPC 100The Facts

> 4,8 kVA maximum power> 800 A AC> 400 A DC

> 2 kV AC

> Variable Frequency 15 Hz400 Hz

> Frequency selective measurement> Complex measurement

> Easy Data processing

> Main Weight: 29 kg


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Left hand side


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Front Panel

Measurement

Inputs

Binary Input

Lock

Warning

Lights

Emergency

Button

DC Output

AC Output

LEDs foreasy

connection


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Right hand side

Serial Port (CP TD1,

CP SB1)

Safety PortConnectionto a PC

USB Port (Only for

Flash memory)


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Block Diagram of the CPC 100

Mains

Ext. Booster

2 kV

500 V

500 V

500 V

500 V 500 V 4 A

1 kV 2 A

2 kV 1 A

65 V

65 V

3.1 A

6.3 A

130 V / 6 A AC

65 V / 6 A DC

6 V / 800 A AC

3 V AC

10 A AC / DC

10 V DC

BIN IN

300 V AC

Outputs

Inp.

5 V / 400 A DC

Filter / Rectifier /

Converter

Data Processing


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Kelvin clamps: 4 wire measurement

V

A

Ztest

Contact resistances


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Kelvin clamps: 4-wire measurement

A

V

A

V

ZTestVTest

RContact

RContact

VContact

VContact

VTest ZTest

RContact

VContact

RContact

VContact


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18 March 2014

CPC 100 Basic Operations

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]


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Test Card and Test Procedure

Test Card Test Procedure = saved in one xml-file

Test Card Functions


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Front Panel

View Selector Keys

Add new

test card

Context

depending softkeys

Switch between

test cards

Start / Stop testNavigating


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View Selector Keys

Settings View

Language

Date / Time

IP Configuration

Contrast

etc.

Test Card View Test Procedure View

File Operations View


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File Operations

hier noch xmt und xml

files aufmachen, noch

ein paar ordner mehr....

auto save file rein!!

Settings View Device Setup Autosave:

xmt-files


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Quick Card: Measurement Options

sel: frequency selective measurement

CT / VT / Clamp: measurement via CT / VT / clamp

CPC Out: internal measurement (AC 800A, DC 400A, AC 2KV)

f: frequency measurement


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Frequency selective measurement

0 dB

-60 dB

50 Hz f

U

Interference

Injection

Shifted

Injection

0 dB

-60 dB50 Hz f

U

70 Hz


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Interpolation to 50 Hz

Example: Line impedance measurement with parallel live system


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Measurement via CT, VT or clamp

Choose Input Set Calculation Factor


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Quick Card: Calculation Options

Measurement:2 voltages or 2 currents Measurement:1 voltage and 1 current

Impedance

Power

Bin/Time (Trigger

Event)

Ratio (for 1A and 5A

sec. current)

Diff (Difference

between twomeasurements)


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Sequencer: Test Card

Define sequence

Similar to

Quick Card

V, I, f

30 V

60 V

90 V

2 s 4 s 9 st

State 1 State 2 State 3


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Comment: Test Card

ASCII-coded txt-file


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18 March 2014

CPC 100 Tool Set (Start Page)

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]


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CPC 100 Start Page

Double click on

desktop symbol

Main Section

Tools

Templates


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Main Section

Firmware

Version

Software

Version

Phrase Editor

Version 2.00 (1246)

Version 2.00 (Build 1246)

Connected

Device


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Phrase Editor

Two possibilities:

1) Edit phrases in Phrase Editor

2) Edit phrases in Notepad, save as .txt and import

One line =

one phrase

Display of CPC 100

Transfer

button


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Tools

> Primary Test Manager (PTM)

> CPC Editor

> Allows Test Procedure and Test Card View on the PC> For easy and convenient preparation of test cards and templates

> Display test report> .xml-file is transfered to Word or HTML format

> CPC Excel File Loader

> Converts .xml-files (CPC 100 data) to Excel

> OMICRON Device Browser (ODB)> Access to OMICRON Device via PC


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CPC Editor

Test Procedure View Test Card View

Main Page

Settings


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OMICRON Device Browser (ODB)


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Display test report

Right click on .xml-file


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CPC Excel File Loader

Welcome: Load .xml-file

Overview: List of all Test Cards

Other Tabs: One Tab = One Test Card


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Test Templates

Help

CPC 100 Template

Excel Template

Transfer templatesto CPC 100 filtered by language

and frequency


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Template Workflow

1) Open Template on the CPC 100 from the Template folder (.xmt)

2) Perform measurement and save (.xml)

3) Open the corresponding Excel Template (.xlt) from Start Page

4) Load the saved .xml-file and save the excel report (.xlsm)

.xmt .xml

.xlt .xlsm

measure &

save

saveComputer

CPC 100

equal load


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Structure of a Template

Structure of Excel File Loader

Predefined report sheets:

Further calculation

Added Diagrams

Presentable Design for Report


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18 March 2014

CPC 100: CT Testing

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]


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CT Test Cards


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CT Ration (and Burden): Setup

Voltage

measurement isoptional!

ALL other secondary windings

must be closed!!!

1S1

1S22S1

2S2

P1

P2

800 A

AC

A V

Burden

I AC/DC V1 AC

C ( ) C


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CT Ratio (and Burden): Test Card

Nameplate data

Measurement

results

Test Current

2nominalsec,

measuredsec,

measuredsec,2

nominalsec, II

VIZVABurden

C ti CP CB2 CPC 100


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Connection: CP CB2 CPC 100

1)

2)

Connection cable

CP CB2CPC 100

High-current

cable with a plug

on one end and

a clamp on the

other end

Current

booster

CP CB2

CP CB2 1000A d 2000A d


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CP CB2: 1000A and 2000A mode

2000 A mode 1000 A mode

CTB d S t


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CTBurden: Setup

1S1

1S22S1

2S2

P1

P2

800 A

ACBurden

CTB d T t C d


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CTBurden: Test Card

nominal

secondarycurrent

test current &

test frequency

2nominalsec,

measuredsec,

measuredsec,2

nominalsec, II

VIZVABurden

Test stops

automatically

CTE it ti S t


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CTExcitation: Setup

High voltage at the output!!

P1

P2

1S1

1S2

2S1

2S2

CT Burden

CTE it ti T t C d


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CTExcitation: Test Card

value of each

measurement point

kneepoint data

Demagnetisation

function

Standard for

kneepointdetermination

frequency

CTEcxitation: Adjust Scaling


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CTEcxitation: Adjust Scaling

Bad scaling

1

3

Adjusted scaling

2 Adjust scaling

RWinding: Setup


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RWinding: Setup

Attention!!:

DO NOT interrupt the current path!!

ONLY use the RWinding Test Card!!

P1

P2

1S1

1S2

2S1

2S2

CTBurden

RWinding: Current profile


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Dev.

time

R-displayed

t = 10 s

Rmax

Rmin

minmax. RRDev

RWinding: Test Card


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RWinding: Test Card

DC

DCmeas

I

VR .

.

.

..235

235

meas

ref

measrefT

TRR

Measurement

test

test

I

VR

I

mV

R

10

2,0

max

min

Actual deviation

Main measuring

time

Test is stopped

automatically if Dev. < 0,1 %

(IEC 60076-1)

PolCheck: Setup


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PolCheck: Setup

AC 800A

S1

S2

S1

S2

P1

P1

CT

1S1

1S2

green LED red LED

PolCheck: Test Card


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PolCheck: Test Card

Intermittent mode

Assessment foreach test point

CTRatioV: Setup


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CTRatioV: Setup

Short-circuit all terminals of

other windings

Shorten remaining phases

and neutral

W V U N

CTRatioV: Test Card


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CTRatioV: Test Card

Nameplate data

kneetest VV3

2

Measurementresults

mainstest ff

Test is stopped

automatically

prim

prim

V

V

I

IRatio sec

sec

CT Templates


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CT Templates

> Accuracy Limiting Factor (ALF)

> ALF is calculated from> Winding resistance

> Excitation

> Burden (nominal or operating)

> Automated assessment for the protection class

> Comprehensive CT Test Report (3-phase CT Test)

> Polarity> Ratio

> Burden

> Winding Resistance

> Excitation (Kneepoint)> Table and Diagram


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18 March 2014

Power Transformer Diagnostics - Introduction

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]

Transformer Breakdowns


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Transformer Breakdowns

Sources of faults in Transformers


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Sources of faults in Transformers

Winding

Core

Bushing

Vesse

l&Oil

Acces

sories

TapChanger

Source: Cigre_WG 12-05 An international

survey on failures in large power

transformers in service, Electra No. 88, 1983

Condition and Time based maintenance


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Condition and Time based maintenance

Time

Ins

ulationstrength

New condition

Operating stress

Time based maintenance

Diagnostic levelCondition based maintenance

Condition based maintenance

requires reliable diagnostic tools

Possible Impacts by lack of maintenance


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Possible Impacts by lack of maintenance

Life of the Transformer

Baseline data not recorded

Problems during warranty period not detected

OLTC contacts wear

Oil oxidation begins

Fan and Pump bearing wear

Visible effects of weathering and UV

Oil decay products affect paper insulation

Miss oportunity to intercept accelerated ageing Oxidation and hydrolysis enters accelerated ageing state

OLTC and bushing failure rates increase

Dielectric withstand diminishes

Expensive failure (bushing, OLTC)

Maintenance Intervals


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Maintenance Intervals

Action Task Interval Remark

Light Regular Intensive

Visit 6 m 1 m 1 d In service

Detailed inspection

(visual)

1 y 3 m 2 w In service

DGA 2 y 1 y 3 m Task interval may

differ with monitoringOil Test 6 y 2 y 1 y

Cooling system

cleaning

Conditional Conditional Any interval Outage may be

required

Accessories

verification

12 y or

conditional

6-8 y 1-2 y Outage required

Electrical basic

tests

Conditional Conditional Any interval Outage required

Insulation tests (DF) Conditional 6-8 y 2-4 y Outage required

OLTC inspection 12 y 6-8 y 4 y

Diagnostic Techniques


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Diagnostic Techniques

Type of ProblemMagnetic Circuit Integrity

Magnetic Circuit Insulation

Winding Geometry

Winding/Bushing/OLTC Continuity

Winding/Bushing Insulation

Winding Turn to Turn Insulation

Diagnostic Technique

BasicElectric

al

Winding Ratio x

Winding Resistance xMagnetisation Current x x

Capacitance and DF/PF x x x x

Leakage Reactance x

Insulation Resistance x x

Core Ground Test x

Advanced

Electr

ical Frequency Response of Stray Losses x x

Frequency Response Analysis x x x x

Polarisation/Depolarisation x

Frequency Domain Spectroscopy x

Recovery Voltage Method x

Electrical Detection of PD x x

Acoustical detection of PD x x

UHF Detection of PD x x

Dissolved Gas Analysis x x x x x

Overview: Transformer Measurements


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> Turns Ratio + Exciting Current

> Winding Resistance (Dynamic and Static)

> Short Circuit Impedance (+FRSL)

> C & DF (Winding, Bushing and Oil sample)

> Moisture Determination in liquid and solid insulation (DIRANA)

> Frequency Response Analysis (FRAnalyzer)

> Partial Discharge (MPD 600)

CPC 100

CPC 100 + CP TD1


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18 March 2014

Power Transformer Testing

with CPC 100

Abdulla Hakeem

[email protected]

Power Transformer Test Cards


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Ratio and excitation current measurement: Motivation


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> Detectable failures

> Shorted winding sections or turns> Core faults (shorted laminations)

> Indication> Tripping of the buchholz relays

> Incorrect DGA

> Comment> Do not perform winding resistance tests before this test

TRRatio (per Tap): Setup


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(p p) p

High voltage at the output!!

Do not perform the resistance measurement

before the Ratio test!

TRRatio (per Tap): Vector Group


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( )

V

WU

u

v

w

1. Example: YNd5

2. Example: Dy5

Corresponding pairsare in parallel!

U

V

W

u

v

w

No parallel pairs:

-> Shorten 2 terminals

Alternative: Look up the

connection in the User Manual.

TRRatio (per Tap): Test Card


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Options for

CP SB1magnitude phase

Test Voltage

secV

Vprim

Deviation from

nominal ratio (1-phase)

nominal ratio (3-phase) nominal ratio (1-phase)

to Settings

(ratio table)

TRRatio (per Tap): Test Card Settings


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back to Main

Page

CP SB1

Options

nominal voltage

manage Taps

Transformer Ratio: Template


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TRRatio + Exciting Current: Interpretation


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> TRRatio:

> meaurement is OK if 0,5 % from nominal ratio

> Exciting current:> difference between the outer phases: +/- 5 %

> results of middle phase could be up to 30 % lower

Resistance Measurement: Motivation


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> Detectable Failures

> Static resistance measurement> Bad internal contacts (diverter switch and tap selector switch contacts, connection

clamps)

> Short circuits between conductors of a winding

> Damaged conductor (due to overheating, mechanical stress during fault)

> Dynamic Resistance measurement> Bad, bouncing contacts in the OLTC

> Checks, if the OLTC is operating without interruption

> Indication> High internal temperatures

> DGA

Resistance Measurement: Setup


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A

C

B

a

b

cN n



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Dev.

time

R-displayed

t = 10 s

Rmax

Rmin

minmax. RRDev

I

RWinding: Test Card


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DC

DCmeas

I

VR .

.

.

..235

235

meas

ref

measrefT

TRR

Measurement

test

test

I

VR

I

mV

R

10

2,0

max

min

Actual deviation

Main measuring

time

Test is stopped automatically if

Dev. < 0,1 %

(IEC 60076-1)

OLTC Principle


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A BR

Tap

Selector

Commutating

Resistors

Diverter

Switch

A BR

Tap

Selector

Commutating

Resistors

Diverter

Switch

1. Step:Tap Selector changes

tap position

2. Step:Diverter Switch moves

from A to B

Definition of Ripple and Slope


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TR Tap Check: Test Card


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Measurement

.

.

..235

235

meas

ref

measrefT

TRR

smallest

deviation

Dynamic

Resistance

choose Settings

to edit

to settings

TR Tap Check: Test Card Settings


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back to mainpage

CP SB1

options

Transformer Tap Changer: Template


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CP SB1 Hardware


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Transformer

CPC 100

Tests performed by CP SB1: Ratio

Winding Resistance

OLTC test

CP SB1 Setup


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Short Circuit Impedance Leakage Reactance + FRSL


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2 different measurements:

> Three-phase equivalent test (Short Circuit Impedance)

> Per phase test (For Winding Diagnosis)

Short Circuit

Impedance

Leakage Rectance

FRSL

A

V

15 50 400 f

Z

Trans-

former

Equivalent Circuit: Neglection of the core


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DCACFem RRLRL

222||

L1 R1AC R1DC L2 R2AC R2DC

n1:n2

Lm RFe

Core can be neglected!

L1 R1AC R1DC L2 R2AC R2DC

Setup: Three-phase equivalent test


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Short-circuit all 3 phases

Use a big cross-section for low

resistance!!

Measure all combinations:

H1-H2

H2-H3 H3-H1

Setup: Per phase test


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Measure all 3 combinations according to ratio measurement!

Inject according to

ratio measurementShort-circuit only the

corresponding terminals!

According to ratio measurement.

TR Short Circuit ImpedanceLeakage Reactance: CPC

Template


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Template

> TR Data: Comment Test Card

> Add Transformer Data for Comparison

> 3 Phase Test: Comment Test Card> Connection Scheme for 3-phase test

> Zk AB, Zk BC and Zk AC: Sequencer Test Cards> Test Cards for 3-phase tests

> Per-Phase Test: Comment Test Card> Connection Scheme for per-phase test

> Zk A, Zk B and Zk C: Sequencer Test Cards> Test Cards for per-phase test

> Version: Comment Test Card

TR Short Circuit ImpedanceLeakage Reactance: Excel

Template


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Template

> Calculation of Zk

> Comparison with data from 3-phase factory test with W-Meter> Consideration wether Injection on HV- or LV-side

> Consideration of Vector Group

> Rk(f)> 3 x three-phase equivalent test in one diagram

> 3 x per phase test in one diagram

> Deviation limits forLkandRk

> Lk(f)> Same structure as Rk(f)

Interpretation: Short Circuit Impedance


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> Measured value should not differ more than 2 % from factory value

> Difference between phases is usually less than 2 %

Interpretation: FRSL


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Reference results

available?

3-Phase-Transformer?

Comparison with

nameplate impedance

No FRSL diagnostic

and or or

Comparison with

reference results

Comparison between

phases

Comparison between

phases

Transformer in its Tank?

and or or and or or

or

L (%)

R (%)

L (%)

R (%)

L (%)

R (%)

Rb> RaorRb> Rc

0-1,5 1,5 - 2,5 > 2,5

0 - 10 10 - 15 > 15

0-1,5 1,5 - 2,5 > 2,5

0 - 5 5 -10 > 10

0 - 0,5 0,51,0 > 1,0

0 - 5 5 - 10 > 10

no

no

no

yes

yes

yes

Case Study: FRSL (Description)


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After gaz production and analysis which indicated a hot spot involving paper:

> Turns Ratio was correct

> Excitation current was normal

> DC resistance was normal

> Comparison between Short Circuit Impedances was normal (less than 3

%)

Case Study: FRSL (Assessment)


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Transformer Test Types

109

1. DGA/Oil Screen

2. Standard Electrical Test

3. Advanced Diagnostic Test

4. SFRA

5. DFR

6. IR

7. Partial Discharge Covered by thePrimary Test Manager (PTM)


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Starting PTM

Page 110 OMICRON

1

2


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Welcome Screen

Page 111 OMICRON

41 2 3

Workflow

Settings

Connected

Products


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St t


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Structure

Page 113 OMICRON

Define a Location Define a Transformer Define a Job

Execute a Measurement Create a ReportOverview: All Locations,Transformers, Jobs and

Reports

L ti


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Location

Page 114 OMICRON

1

2

2

1

New Transformer

T f D t


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Transformer Data

Page 115 OMICRON

Tap Changer

Data

Main Transformer

Data

Bushing

Data

Surge Arrester

Data

Must befilled in

Settings forVector Group

T Ch


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Tap Changer

Page 116 OMICRON

OLTC or DETC

Located:

HV or LV

TapScheme

No. of Taps

Calculation

of Tap

Voltage

J b I


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Job I

Page 117 OMICRON

Kind of

Test

Selection

of Test:

On / Off

Test already

executed? Yes / No

Assessment:

Test Failed /

Passed

1

2

Job II


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Job II

> 1. Info (Administration Data)> Job Number

> Tester

> Date

> etc.

> 2. Conditions> Weather> Humidity

> Temperature

> etc.

> 3. Tap Changer State

Page 118 OMICRON

Measurement


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Measurement

Page 119 OMICRON

Note: Measurement has

to be started from the

CPC

Wiring DiagramAvailable Tests Red Flashing during

Operation

Test specific Data

Report


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Report

Page 120 OMICRON

Main Data

Measured

Data

Diagrams

Advantages with PTM


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Page 121 OMICRON

Advantages with PTM

> Intuitive user interface

> Better preparation of the tests> Easy to enter Vector Group and Tap Changer data

> Bread Crumb Navigation

> Better administration of the measured data

> Fully automized generation of test reports

> Remote operation via PC> Measurement is executed via the PC (Final Initialization from CPC)

> PTM offers connection diagrams


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Thank you for your attention!

Questions?

CPC full training material.pdf

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