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ISSUE 2 (2017) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA & ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173 pISSN-2395-3985

Shinde R. V. et.al., Preventive Pediatrics In Ayurveda, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2017; 5(2): 69-72

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REVIEW ARTICLE Scientific Journal Impact Factor 5.733 (2015) by InnoSpace Sci. Res., Morocco

Index Copernicus Value (2015) – 80.04

PREVENTIVE PEDIATRICS IN AYURVEDA

Shinde Rekha V.1*, Kale A. B.2, Swami T. Y.3

1. PG scholar, Department of Kaumarbhritya, Government Ayurvedic College Osmanabad, M.S.-

413501, Contact No. +919325614777, Email - rekhashinde258@gmail.com

2. Professor, Department of Kaumarbhritya, Government Ayurvedic College Osmanabad, M.S.-413501, Contact No.-+919822961494, Email-kaleanilb@yahoo.co.in.

3. Professor, Department of Kaumarbhritya, Government Ayurvedic College Osmanabad, M.S.-

413501, Contact No.-+919422655962, Email-swmity@rediffmail.com

Article Received on - 8th April 2017 Article Revised on - 6th July 2017 Article Accepted on - 7th July 2017

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Shinde R. V. et.al., Preventive Pediatrics In Ayurveda, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2017; 5(2): 69-72

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REVIEW ARTICLE *Corresponding Author Shinde Rekha V. PG scholar, Dept. of Kaumarbhritya, Government Ayurvedic College Osmanabad, M.S.-413501, Contact No. +919325614777, Email - rekhashinde258@gmail.com

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ABSTRACT: The aim of Ayurveda is prevention of disease and maintenance of the health.

According to Ayurveda best treatment for all types of diseases is Nidanaparivarjana. It is one of the best preventive aspects. Preventive Pediatric means promote the health. Kaumarbhritya has been considered as an important branch of Ayurveda, it deals with the child health care. In modern science the major component of preventive pediatric is vaccination. In Ayurveda; Charaka, Sushruta, Vagbhata and Kashypa has mentioned many preventive aspects for child health; i.e. Nutrition, Lehana and Suvarnaprashana, Dhoopana, Samskara etc. Among these acharya Kashyapa has given importance to Poshana rather than medication in children. This article is attempted to emphasise the importance of preventive measures regarding the child health.

Key Words: Preventive pediatric, Samskara, Lehana, Suvarnaprashana

INTRODUCTION Ayurveda is an ancient health science that imparts the knowledge concern to life. The main principle of Ayurveda is maintenance and promotion of health as well as prevention of diseases.[1] Kaumarbhritya is coined for the subject that is mainly concerned with the maintenance along with care of the child. The word Kaumarbhritya itself defines the importance of nutrition in children. ‘Kumara’ means child and ‘bhritya’ means bharana or nutrition. [2] Kaumarbhritya also deals with the subject related to study of one’s own progeny; a highly cherished desire of human being. To protect one’s own progeny from Kulaja vikara (genetic disorders) Ayurveda has advised preventive aspects even before conception. Healthy progeny is very important thing for human being. Care of zygote formed from defective shukra and shonita is useless and hence Kaumarbhritya mentions preventive aspects right from treating gynecological problems. [3] Children are more immunologically susceptible and has less resistant to infections; hence prevention is better than cure for child health.[4] This review article attempts to explain preventive pediatric as mentioned in Ayurvedic literature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Source of Data- collected from Kashyapa Samhita, Brihatrayi, and Lagutrayi Samhita, Kaumarbritya

text books which are listed in references. Study Design Literary study- the literature concerned with preventive pediatric mentioned in Ayurveda is compiled together and arranged it as- A. Protective aspects and B. Disease preventive aspects. A. Protective aspects : 1. Acharya Kashyapa has advised

Suvarnaprashana in children to increase medha, agni and bala for proper growth and development of the child. [5]

2. Antenatal care including avoidance of drugs, following the diet and other rules prescribed during pregnancy.

3. Dauhrida ichchhaa poorana of the pregnant women. [6]

4. Avoiding exposure to radiation during the times of eclipse to pregnant women.

5. Avoidance of birth injuries by avoiding Akala pravahana and getting viloma apana vayu anulomana in mother during delivery. [7]

6. Childhood Samskara mentioned by ancient sages are preformed to protect as well as to promote the health of the child. The word Samskara means those religious rites and ceremonies which sanctify the body, mind and intellect so that child may become fit for

PREVENTIVE PEDIATRICS IN AYURVEDA

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the society. [8] In other words Samskara means Gunantaradhana which is used for transform the qualities. [9]. Physician can also assess the proper growth and development of the child during performing these samskara [10] . Hence childhood samskara mentioned in ancient literature is one of the important protective as well as preventive aspects.

7. Ayurveda has advised Abhyanga/massage to new born and child also by medicated oil like Bala taila. It provide strength to the skin. The act of rubbing during massage the skin provides strength and improves blood supply [11] .

8. Routine Dinacharya, Ritucharya and Sadvritta palana have been advised to keep up health.[12]

9. Using Rasayana and Vajikarana drugs during Janopadodhwansaja roga.[13]

10. Amulets and Mantras have been advised to protect newborn and children also. [14]

B. Disease preventing aspects :

1. Genetic disease preventing aspects: Consanguineous marriages favors appearance of recessive traits hence Ayurveda advised Atulyagotra marriages to avoids Kulaja vikara which were said to be incurable. [15] Treating disorders of shukra and shonita before conception and following Ritucharya during ritukala may help in preventing some of the genetic diseases. [16]

2. Nutritional disorder preventing aspects: In childhood period rate of growth and development is very high, thus nutritional problems are most liable to occurs during this period. To prevent such nutritional deficiencies acharya Kashyapa have considered Ahara is Mahabhaishjya in children. [17] Keeping in view this fact Ayurveda have classified the childhood period on the basis of their food requirement i.e. Ksirapa , Ksirannada and Annada. [18] This indicates that ancient scholars were very much aware of nutritional need and its importance of children. Phalaprashana samskara at six month mentioned by acharya Kashyapa is an important preventive measure because both human and cow’s milk are lack in vitamin C, therefore it is important that

infant diet must be supplemented by vitamin C. [19]. Annnaprashana samskara is right time to start supplementary feeding to child. [20]

3. Infectious disorders preventing aspects: Graharogas are said to be like an infectious diseases in children. To prevent infectious diseases hygiene has been advised in all Balgraha like bath. General rules of hygiene and health care keeps child healthy. Dhoopana / fumigation: Charaka, Susruta, Vagbhata and Kashyapa have advised fumigation to prevent infections. [21]

Karnavedhana samskara: The trauma produced by piecering the ear may initiate antigen-antibody reaction in the body, providing active immunity to the child. Lehana: Ayurveda mentions administration of gold with madhu and ghrita to baby at birth; it produce nonspecific immunity in body and protects them from infections [22] . Kashyapa has also mentioned many medicated ghrita to promote health, growth and strength in child like Samvardhana ghrita.

DISCUSSION

Various scholars of ancient period have described the field of Kaumarbhritya in their own way; but the view is more or less the same ie. Bharana of Kumara is the main thing of Kaumarbhritya. Sushruta has very broadly explained the subject matter of Kaumarbhritya. It includes nursing care, breast feeding and disease due to vitiated breast feeding and preventive aspects of these diseases. Childhood is very tender stage of human life. The effect of physical development and mental status of this stage have its effect over rest of the life period; during this stage the dhatus are immature, therefore special protective care of this stage is very essential. Samskaras are considered as the childhood developmental assessment and one of the protective measure mentioned by Ayurveda. Suvarnaprashana is unique formulation of Gold, Honey and specific herbs, advised by Auyrveda to enhance intellect and increase the strength of children. Research reveals that Suvarna possesses immunomodulatory, free radical scavenging activity, analgesic anti stress activity[23]. The principles regarding child health care mentioned in ancient literature thousands of years back are true and applicable even today.

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CONCLUSION Preventive and protective aspects are significantly helpful in promoting health in growing child. Use of infection preventive measures like Dhoopana helps to control the infections. Nutritional health promotive measures advised by Ayurveda, tones up different developing systems in children. REFERENCES:

1. Vd. Y. G. Joshi, editor, Charaka samhita, Vaidyamitra publication, Pune, 2003.p.412

2. Kaviraj Ambikadatta Shastri, editor, Sushruta Smhita, Hindi commentary, Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana, Varanasi, 2013.p.6

3. Dr. C. H. Shastri. Chavli’s Principles and Practice of Paediatrics in Ayurved, Chaukhamba Visvabharati Publication, Varanasi, 2015. p.7

4. Ibid; p. 5 5. Satyapal Bhishgacharya, editor, Kashyapa Samhita,

Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana Varanasi 2013.p.4 6. Vd. Y. G. Joshi, editor, Charaka samhita,Vaidyamitra

publication, Pune, 2003.p.743 7. Ibid; p.747 8. Dr. Abhimanyu Kumar, Child Health Care in Ayurved,

Satguru Publications, Delhi 1999 p.81 9. Bramhananda Tripathi, editor, Astangahridaya Samhita.,

Chaukhamba Sanskita Prakashana Varanasi 2012. p.875 10. Dr. C. H. Shastri. Chavli’s Principles and Practice of

Paediatrics in Ayurved, Chaukhamba Visvabharati

Publication Varanasi, 2015. p. 659 11. Vd. Y. G. Joshi, editor, Charaka samhita, Vaidyamitra

publication, Pune. 2003.p.758 12. Dr. C.H. Shastri. Chavli’s Principles and Practice of

Paediatrics in Ayurveda. Chaukhamba Visvabharati Publication Varanasi 2015. p.659-60

13. Vd. Y. G. Josh, editor, Charaka samhita, Vaidyamitra publication, Pune 2003.p.728

14. Satyapal Bhishgacharya, editor, Kashyapa Samhita,Hindi commentry Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana Varanasi, 2013.p.246

15. Dr.Abhimanyu Kumar. Child Health Care in Ayurved, Satguru Publications Delhi 1999. p.87

16. Satyapal Bhishgacharya, editor, Kashyapa Samhita, Hindi commentry Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana Varanasi 2013.p.318

17. Dr. Abhimanyu Kumar. Child Health Care in Ayurved, Satguru Publications, Delhi 1999. p.45

18. Satyapal Bhishgacharya, editor, Kashyapa Samhita, Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana Varanasi, 2013. p.175

19. Kaviraj Ambikadatta Shastri, editor, Sushruta Samhita, Hindi commentry Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana Varanasi 2013. p.84

20. Satyapal Bhishgachary, editor, Kashyapa Samhita, Hindi commentry Chaukhamba Sanskrita Varanasi 2013.p.4-5

21. Ibid; p.6 22. Kaviraj Ambikadatta Shastri, editor, Sushruta Smhita,

Hindi commentry Chaukhamba Sanskrita Sansthana, Varanasi 2013.p.6

23. Dr. Rohit Gadakari. Kaumarbhitya (Balroga),Textbook of Ayurvedic pediatrics along with modern approach, p.119

CITE THIS ARTICLE AS – Shinde R. V. et.al., Preventive Pediatrics In Ayurveda, Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2017; 5(2): 69-72

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