Covalent Compounds. (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 share electrons Covalent molecules share electrons....
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Transcript of Covalent Compounds. (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 share electrons Covalent molecules share electrons....
![Page 1: Covalent Compounds. (c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 share electrons Covalent molecules share electrons. two or more non- metals. Covalent bonds occur between.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082613/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0b0f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Covalent Compounds
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
• Covalent molecules share electronsshare electrons. Covalent bonds occur between two or more non-two or more non-
metals.metals. These molecules exist as solids, liquids or gases. Covalent molecules are like a play-pit full of plastic
balls. Each plastic ball =
1 covalent molecule of H2O
Water, H2O
See pages See pages 184 - 185184 - 185
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
• The chemical formula of a covalent compound tells us the number of each element number of each element in the compound.– Sometimes the names don’t tell us what elements make up the compounds. – Subscripts mean something different in covalent compounds
• Ionic compounds subscripts show the smallest smallest whole-number ratio between the ions whole-number ratio between the ions in the compound.
• Covalent molecules have subscripts that show the actual number of actual number of atomsatoms in the molecule.
See page 193
Methane: CH4
Hydrogen Peroxide: H2O2 Water: H2O
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 See page 193
What is the chemical formula for the molecule ethanol?
What is the name of the molecule C12O22H11?
C2H6O, a name that must be memorized or looked up when needed.
Sucrose, also called table sugar.
What is the chemical formula for candle wax? C25H52
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007
• Covalent compounds with 2 non-metal 2 non-metal atomsatoms use a system of prefixesprefixes.
See pages 194 - 195
Prefixes are often used before the atom name to indicate the number of atoms in the molecule.
Example: CO = carbon monoxide CO2 = carbon dioxide
CCl4 = carbon tetrachloride
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 See pages 194 - 195
STEP 1: Write the most metallic atom (farthest left) first
STEP 2: Use prefixes to symbolize the # of each atom.
STEP 3: Add -ide to the end of the second atom’s name
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(c) McGraw Hill Ryerson 2007 See pages 194 - 195
What is the chemical formula for the molecule trinitrogen tetrachloride?
What is the name of the molecule Si3P6?
N3Cl4
Trisilicon hexaphosphide
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Covalent CompoundsWrite the names for the following covalent compounds: 1) P4S5 __________________________________ 2) SeF6 __________________________________ 3) Si2Br6 __________________________________ 4) SCl4 __________________________________ 5) B2Si __________________________________ 6) NF3 __________________________________
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Covalent CompoundsWrite the formulas for the following covalent compounds: 1) antimony tribromide __________________________________ 2) hexaboron silicide __________________________________ 3) chlorine dioxide __________________________________ 4) iodine pentafluoride __________________________________ 5) dinitrogen trioxide __________________________________ 6) phosphorus triiodide __________________________________