Covalent Bonding Theories
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Transcript of Covalent Bonding Theories
a type of atomic orbital that results when two or more atomic orbitals mix
Hybrid orbitals Flash Animationhttp://www.mhhe.com/physsci/
chemistry/essentialchemistry/flash/hybrv18.swf
new overlapping orbitals in covalent bonding that apply to the entire moleculefilled when has two electronsreferred to as bonding orbitals in which there
are different types sigma bonds- bonds overlapping end to end pi bonds- bonds overlap in a side to side fashion
Sigma and Pi Bond Flash Animationhttp://www.mhhe.com/physsci/
chemistry/animations/chang_7e_esp/bom5s2_6.swf
explains the three dimensional shape of a molecule
a repulsion between electron pairs causes molecular shapes to adjust
the result is that valence-electron pairs stay as far apart as possible.
unshared pairs repel more than shared pairs
the character of a bond depends on the kind and number of atoms joined together
bonding pairs are pulled (as in a “tug-of-war”)
the atoms in the bond pull equally and the bonding electrons are equally shared
Ex. H2, O2, N2, and Cl2
atoms in the bond pull unequally and the bonding electrons are unequally shared
Ex: HCl, H2O