Covalent Bonding

Atoms that share a pair of electrons are joined together by a covalent bond.

A neutral particle that is composed of atoms joined together by covalent bonds is called a molecule.

Substances that are composed of molecules are called molecular compounds

Most molecular compounds are compose of two or more non-metallic elements.

The atoms of these elements share electrons to obtain the same number of electrons as the closest noble gas.

Lewis Diagrams for covalent bonds

Multiple Bonds

Sometimes, atoms share more than one electron pair between them. Some atoms can form double or even triple covalent bonds. For example, carbon dioxide , where two atoms of oxygen bond with a single atom of carbon

Diatomic molecules are molecules made up of two of the same elements. Only a few of the elements have the capacity to do this

Copy Table 1 pg 202 into your notebooks

Naming binary molecular compounds

These combine through covalent bonds

The elements, except for Hydrogen are written in order of increasing group number

Will end with “ide”

The number of atoms of a given type is designated by a prefix:

Mono – 1 2-di, 3-tri, 4-tetra, 5- penta, 6-hexa,

7-hepta, 8 – octa, 9-nona, 10 -deca

The only exception to the prefixes is the first element has only one atom we don’t use “mono”