Court System

Study Guide Key

• Which branch of government are the courts associated with? _________________________ This branch _________________ laws.• Judicial• Interprets

• John has been convicted of murder in superior court and is sentenced to death. Which court would hear his appeal?• Ga Supreme Court

• The power of the court to hear the first case is _____________.• Original Jurisdiction

• ________________________ v. ___________________________ established judicial review.• Marbury V Madison

• The following courts have which jurisdiction?• Municipal - Original• Magistrate - Original • Appeals - Appelate

• The document filed requesting the US Supreme court to review a case is known as _______________________________________________.• Writ of certiorari

• When most of the Supreme Court Justices agree on a decision, they have made a ___________________ opinion.• Majority

• If a justice agrees with the majority of the others, but for a different reason, his or her opinion is called the ___________________ opinion.• Concurring

• If a justice disagrees with the majority opinion, his or her opinion is called a _____________________ opinion.• Dissenting

• O.J. Simpson was involved in a criminal case. Describe two ways why it was considered a criminal case. • Murder – crime• Plaintiff was the state

• _________________ _________________________ is when a person is being informed why they are being held in jail.• Habeas Corpus

• The _______________________ Court oversees cases involving writing bad checks, rent disputes, and arrest warrants.• Magistrate

• Judicial ____________________ is when the U.S. Supreme Court used the case Brown v Board to end segregation in public schools.• Judicial Activism

• Which court would issue you a marriage license?• Probate

• Which court has original jurisdiction over wills?• Probate

• Where would a fourteen year old boy be tried if he was trespassing on someone else’s property with his four wheeler?• Juvenile

• If you were fishing or hunting without a license and a game warden stopped you, Which court would address this?• Probate

• If a young girl is kidnapped at Disney World in Orlando, Fl, where would her kidnapper be tried when he or she is caught?• U.S. District Courts

• Where would a decision from the U.S. District Court be appealed?• U.S. Court of Appeals

• Louisiana sued Mississippi because of a dispute over riverboat gambling. This case would be heard in the _________________________.• U.S. Supreme Court

• What is the rule of 4?• 4 of 9 Supreme Court Justices

have to agree to review a case

• Judges who serve on the Supreme Court are chosen by the __________________________ and confirmed by the __________________________.• President• Senate

• What kind of crimes did Goldilocks commit? Would she face a grand or a petit jury?• Misdemeanors; Petit Jury

• In the Three Little Pigs, the pig ate the wolf. This would be a felony and so the pig would face a _____________________ jury.• Grand Jury

• Martha killed her husband was found guilty of murder. She appealed her conviction because she faced an all-male jury. She argued that she did not receive a fair trial. Her case will most likely be appealed in the Georgia _________________________ Court.• Supreme

• Which case is a good example of the use of Judicial Restraint?• Plessy V Ferguson

• Which court case gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review?• Marbury V Madison

• Writ of Certiorari – when the Supreme Court agrees to review a case (Clarence Gideon)

• Original Jurisdiction – hear the case 1st• Exclusive Jurisdiction – only

certain courts hear certain cases• Appellate Jurisdiction – never

hear the case 1st

• Review all of the scenarios from the “Jurisdiction Game”•

• Be sure to know the jurisdiction of the following • Probate – guardianship • Superior – divorce and contesting wills• State Supreme Court – also, who would

they appeal to? U.S. Court of Appeals• U.S. Supreme Court Know that they are

most likely reviewing a case…

• The Court of Appeals only has __________________________ jurisdiction.• appellate

• Be able to explain the results of Brown V Board of Education and explain if the court used judicial restraint or judicial activism.

• Be able to explain the results of Plessy V Ferguson and explain if the court used judicial restraint or judicial activism.