Couplingclutchesandbrakes 150407094126 Conversion Gate01

8/18/2019 Couplingclutchesandbrakes 150407094126 Conversion Gate01

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COUPLINGS CLUTCHES ANDBRAKES

Branch : Chemical EngineeringGrou!"


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Coupling and Clutches arepower transmission elements.

It is used for transmittingpower from one shaft to theanother. A Brake is a frictionaldevice whose primary functionis to control the motion of the

machine member.

INTRODUCTION:-


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-:Coupling:-

A coupling is a device used to connect orcouple two shafts. hafts are !ostl" availa#leup to $ !eters length due to transportdi%cult". To get a greater length & it isnecessar" to 'oint two or !ore pieces of theshaft using coupling.

haft coupling are used in !achiner" forfollowing purposes:() To connect shafts of !otor and generator

which are !anufactured separatel" and to

provide for disconnection for repairs oralternations.


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Types of couplings


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Sleeve or muff coupling•It is made from cast iron and very simpleto design and manufacture.•It consists of a hollow cylinder whose

inner diameter is the same as diameterof the shaft.• The hollow cylinder is tted over the endof the two shafts with the help of taper

sunk key.•A key and sleeve useful to transmit powerfrom one shaft to the other shaft.• The main disadvantage of this coupling is

that it is dicult to assemble when there


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Sleeve or muff coupling


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Clamp or split muff or compression

couplingIn this coupling , the muff or sleeve is made into

two halves parts of cast iron and they are jointogether by means of mild steel studs and nuts.

The advantages of this coupling is thatassembling of the coupling is possible withoutchange the position of shaft.

This coupling is used for heavy powertransmission at moderate speed.


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Clamp or split muff or compression

coupling


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Flange couplingThis coupling is having two separate cast iron

flanges.

Each flange is mounted on the shaft end andeyed to it.This coupling prevent catching clothes of

worman.

This flange couplings is most accurate and rigid.It is used for heavy power transmission at low

speed.


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!ush pin type flange couplingThis is modified form of protected type flange

coupling.This type of coupling has a pins and it wor as a

coupling bolts.The rubber or leather bushes are used over the pins.This coupling is used to connect of shafts which

having the small parallel misalignment, angularmisalignment and a"ial displacement.

This type of coupling is mostly used to couple anelectric motor and machine.


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!ush pin type flange coupling


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#niversal coupling#niversal coupling consists of two similar fors

eyed on the ends of the two shafts.

This coupling is used to connect two shafts whosea"is intersect.It also used to connect two shafts, where the

angle between two shafts may be varied when

they rotate.It is widely used in automobile and machine tools.


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#niversal coupling


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$ldham%s couplingIt consist of two flange and a central floating

disc.

This coupling is used in connecting two parallelshafts but not in alignment, and their a"is are atsmall distance apart.


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$ldham%s coupling


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Clu#che$

•Clutch is a one of the form of coupling.• Clutches is used to transmit the power fromdriving shaft to driven shaft of machine

which may be reuired to start or stopfreuently.•It is so designed that the two members maybe engaged or disengaged whenever

reuired either by a hand operated device orautomatically by the action of some powerdriven devices.


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Types of clutches


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&isc clutchesThis type of clutch consists of two flanges, oneflange is rigidly to the driving shaft and otherflange fitted to the driven shaft.

Single disc clutches are used in automobiles.'hen large tor(ue transmission is re(uired the

multi disc clutch are used.

)ulti disc clutch has more number of contactsurfaces discs on driving and driven shaft.


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&isc clutches


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Cone clutchThe cone clutch consists two cones , one internalcone fi"ed to the driven shaft and another conefitted on the driven shaft.

The operating lever used only for disengagementof the clutch.

The main advantage of cone clutch over the disc

clutch is very simple and re(uired less a"ialpressure to disengaged the clutch.


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Cone clutch


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Centrifugal clutchIt consists of a number of shoes on the inside of a drum orrim of the pulley.

The upper surface of the shoes are covered with a friction

material.The spider is fitted on the driving shaft.'hen centrifugal force is e(ual to spring force, the shoe is just floating.

!ut, when centrifugal force higher than the spring force,the shoes moves outward and comes into contact with thedriven member and pressure against it.

The increase of speed causes the shoes to press harderand clutch transmit more power.


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Centrifugal clutch


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*ositive Contact ClutchIt is consists of segmental projections on one ofthe flange and corresponding recesses on otherflange on the driven shaft.

&riving flange rigidly eyed to the driving shaftwhile the other flange is eyed to driven shaft bysplines so that it can slide on that shaft.

The sliding flange engage with the fi"ed flange totransmit the motion and power from driving shaft.

This clutch is used for the transmission of power inagricultural e(uipment lie tractor, thresher, etc.


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*ositive Contact Clutch


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0ra+es

•A brake is a mechanical device whichproduces frictional resistance againstmoving machine member! in order to

slow down the motion of machine.• In the process of performing thisfunction! the brake absorbs kinetic

energy of moving member and thebrake absorbs potential energy oflowering member.•

The energy absorbed by brakes is


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Types of brakes


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!loc brae+- Single bloc or shoe brae()/ single bloc is consists of a bloc which is

pressed against the rim of revolving brae wheeldrum.

()This brae is used in railway trains and tramcars.

()The prony brae is e"ample of bloc brae.


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Single bloc or shoe brae


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+0- &ouble bloc or shoe brae

• It consists of two brae blocs at theopposite ends of the wheel.• These shoes apply force to both sides of

wheel and reduces the unbalanced force onthe shaft.• The spring pulls the upper end of braearms together and brae is applied.• 'hen a force is applied to the bell cranlever, the spring is compressed and the braeis released.•

This brae is used on electric cranes.• The bic cle brae is e"am le of double bloc


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&ouble bloc or shoe brae


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!and brae/ band brae consists of a fle"ible steel band linedwith friction material, which wrap to the brae drum.

'hen an upward force is applied to the lever end, the

lever turns about the fulcrum pin and tightens theband on the drum and hence the braes are applied.

The friction between the band and the drum providesthe braing force.

This type of brae is used in civil constructione(uipment and also in automobiles as hand brae.

The rope brae is e"ample of band brae.


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!and brae


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Internal e"panding shoe brae/n internal e"panding shoe brae consists of two shoes.The outer surface of the shoes are covered with

friction material.

Each shoe is pivoted at one end about a fi"ed fulcrumand other end rests against cam.

'hen the cam is operated, the shoe are pushedoutwards against brae drum.

The friction between the shoes and the drum producesthe braing tor(ue.

This type of brae is commonly used in motor cars andlight trucs.


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Internal e"panding shoe brae


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T h a n + " o u

Couplingclutchesandbrakes 150407094126 Conversion Gate01

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