Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn...
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Transcript of Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn...
![Page 1: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph
Emma Lindley
Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval
![Page 2: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Talk Outline• The world of astrophotonics– Why ‘go photonic’?– Photonic Integrated Multimode MicroSpectrograph
(PIMMS)• My project: create a prototype waveguide to be
included in PIMMS. • The three stages:– Design– Manufacture– Testing
• What’s next?
![Page 3: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is astrophotonics?
Astronomy
as·tron·o·my
noun /ə’stränəmē/
1. The branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole
Photonics
pho·ton·ics
noun (plural) /fō’täniks/
1. The branch of technology concerned with the properties and transmission of photons, for example in fiber optics
![Page 4: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Astronomical instruments
![Page 5: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The (astro)photonic advantage
• Reductions in size and cost• No loss in performance• “One size fits all” devices• Operating at or close to diffraction limit• Can incorporate photonic processing– Suppression of atmospheric emission lines
![Page 7: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Photonic Integrated Multimode MicroSpectrograph (PIMMS)
• Works in visible and IR wavelength bands• Number of fibres can vary
![Page 8: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
PIMMS in space (90 x 135mm)
![Page 9: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
My project
• Can we reduce the required detector size?
• Concept: feed the SMF outputs into a 2D waveguide with converging tracks
?
![Page 10: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Designing a waveguide
• The RSoft Photonics Suite
![Page 11: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Things to consider when designing
• Radiative losses– Light coupling into neighbouring features– Leakage at bends
• Coupling & throughput– What size ridges are best for accepting SMF input?
• Keeping the light single-moded
Sometimes compromise is required!
![Page 12: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Radiative losses
![Page 13: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Radiative losses
![Page 14: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Throughput vs. Ridge size
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Width = 10um
Avg Power guided
0 2 4 6 8 10 120
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Width = 9um
Avg Power guided
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 120
0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.9
1
Width = 8um
Avg Power guided
Height (um)Height (um)
Height (um)
Thro
ughp
ut
Thro
ughp
utTh
roug
hput
The best throughput is achieved when the ridge
dimensions match the input SMF’s dimensions.
![Page 15: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Modes of the ridge
(For single mode operation, V < 2.405)
![Page 16: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Thinking about manufacture
• What techniques are available to us?– All manufacturing to be done in-house at
Bandwidth Foundry International (BFI)• What materials are available?– Long and short term availability– Materials must suit the manufacturing technique
being used• Final refinements to design can only be made
when materials are chosen!
![Page 17: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Making a waveguide at BFI
• Soft lithography
![Page 18: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Materials
• The unexpected answer...glue
![Page 19: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Cross-section of a waveguide
Substrate
NOA-65 (n=1.52)
NOA-68 (n=1.54)
![Page 20: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How well does it reproduce the design?
![Page 21: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How well does it reproduce the design?
![Page 22: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How well does it reproduce the design?
![Page 23: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How well does it reproduce the design?
![Page 24: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
How to test the finished product
• Inject light from a tunable laser• Use an IR camera/power meter to measure
field at exit• Testing delayed by need for access to BFI
facilities – competing with commercial projects
![Page 25: Coupling light into a space-based microspectrograph Emma Lindley Supervised by Joss Bland-Hawthorn and Sergio Leon-Saval.](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051517/56649ebd5503460f94bc62de/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Future developments
• Integration into the satellite version of PIMMS• Access to a broader range of materials• A visible-wavelength version• Increased number of tracks to work with a
larger number of fibre inputs