Status of Science & Technology in Myanmar

Dr.Thida LecturerDepartment of Technical and Vocational Education Ministry of Science and Technology Myanmar

ContentsContents

- - About MyanmarAbout Myanmar

- Organization Structure of Ministry of Science Organization Structure of Ministry of Science and Technologyand Technology

- Developing Human Resources Sector- Developing Human Resources Sector

- Research and Development SectorResearch and Development Sector

- Expenditure in R&D for MOST Expenditure in R&D for MOST

-

IntroductionIntroduction

Location : Southeast Asia Location : Southeast Asia

Total land:676,577 square Total land:676,577 square KilometersKilometers

Immediate neighbors: China, Immediate neighbors: China, India, Laos, Thailand and India, Laos, Thailand and BangladeshBangladesh

Capital city : YangonCapital city : Yangon

Ethic groups: 135Ethic groups: 135

Welcome to Myanmar ( The Golden Land)

There are four religions in Myanmar. Major religion is There are four religions in Myanmar. Major religion is Buddhism. Others are Christianity, Islam and Hinduism.Buddhism. Others are Christianity, Islam and Hinduism.

The Population in Myanmar

Myanmar races are Myanmar races are Kachin, Kachin,

Kayah, Kayin ,Chin, Bamar, Kayah, Kayin ,Chin, Bamar, Mon,Mon,

Rakhine and ShanRakhine and Shan

Population :54 millionPopulation :54 million

Myanmar has three distinct Myanmar has three distinct seasons:seasons:

•Summer : March to AprilSummer : March to April

•Rainy season : May to OctoberRainy season : May to October

•Cold season : November to Cold season : November to FebruaryFebruary

Myanmar has three distinct Myanmar has three distinct seasons:seasons:

•Summer : March to AprilSummer : March to April

•Rainy season : May to OctoberRainy season : May to October

•Cold season : November to Cold season : November to FebruaryFebruary

Climate in MyanmarClimate in Myanmar

• To carry out Research & Development works for national To carry out Research & Development works for national economic developmenteconomic development

• To strengthen the national economy utilizing the national To strengthen the national economy utilizing the national resourcesresources

• To enhance production in agricultural and industrial sectors To enhance production in agricultural and industrial sectors through technology transfer and distribution of knowledge gained through technology transfer and distribution of knowledge gained from research and development worksfrom research and development works

• To plan and carry out human resources development programs so To plan and carry out human resources development programs so as to obtain specialist and professional in Science and Technology as to obtain specialist and professional in Science and Technology

• To carry out tasks such as laboratory analysis, quality control and To carry out tasks such as laboratory analysis, quality control and standardization of industrial raw material, and finished productsstandardization of industrial raw material, and finished products

• To conduct applied research on the utilization of atomic energyTo conduct applied research on the utilization of atomic energy

• To carry out Research & Development works for national To carry out Research & Development works for national economic developmenteconomic development

• To strengthen the national economy utilizing the national To strengthen the national economy utilizing the national resourcesresources

• To enhance production in agricultural and industrial sectors To enhance production in agricultural and industrial sectors through technology transfer and distribution of knowledge gained through technology transfer and distribution of knowledge gained from research and development worksfrom research and development works

• To plan and carry out human resources development programs so To plan and carry out human resources development programs so as to obtain specialist and professional in Science and Technology as to obtain specialist and professional in Science and Technology

• To carry out tasks such as laboratory analysis, quality control and To carry out tasks such as laboratory analysis, quality control and standardization of industrial raw material, and finished productsstandardization of industrial raw material, and finished products

• To conduct applied research on the utilization of atomic energyTo conduct applied research on the utilization of atomic energy

Objectives of MOSTObjectives of MOST

Organization Structure of Ministry of Science & TechnologyOrganization Structure of Ministry of Science & Technology

• Myanmar Scientific and Technological Research Department Myanmar Scientific and Technological Research Department (MSTRD)(MSTRD)

• Department of Advanced Science and Technology (DAST)Department of Advanced Science and Technology (DAST)

• Department of Technical and Vocational Education (DTVE)Department of Technical and Vocational Education (DTVE)

• Department of Technology Promotion and Coordination (DTPC)Department of Technology Promotion and Coordination (DTPC)

• Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)Department of Atomic Energy (DAE)

• Material Science and Materials Engineering Research Department Material Science and Materials Engineering Research Department (MSMERD) (approved to be established)(MSMERD) (approved to be established)

Activities of Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST)

- - Extending and upgrading Technological Extending and upgrading Technological Universities, Colleges and Institutes and Computer Universities, Colleges and Institutes and Computer Universities and Colleges Universities and Colleges

- Offering special courses and new - Offering special courses and new specializationsspecializations

- Providing advanced teaching aids, laboratory - Providing advanced teaching aids, laboratory equipment up-to-date reference materialsequipment up-to-date reference materials

- Providing engineers, architects, scientists and - Providing engineers, architects, scientists and computer technologists who have the same computer technologists who have the same expertise as those in neighboring Southeast Asian expertise as those in neighboring Southeast Asian countries. countries.

FunctionFunction of of MSTRDMSTRD

MSTRD is composed of eight research departments MSTRD is composed of eight research departments conducting research in various scientific disciplines conducting research in various scientific disciplines and Six technical Support departments giving and Six technical Support departments giving assistance to the technical departments under the assistance to the technical departments under the Ministry as well as to other governmental Ministry as well as to other governmental organizations, business enterprises at eighteen organizations, business enterprises at eighteen industrial zones.industrial zones.

Currently the department is analyzing and doing Currently the department is analyzing and doing research on 2500 varieties of specimens.research on 2500 varieties of specimens.

Moreover, by supporting & supervising the thesis of Moreover, by supporting & supervising the thesis of post-graduates and Ph.D. candidates.post-graduates and Ph.D. candidates.

Function of DASTFunction of DAST

- To study sufficiently produces engineers, - To study sufficiently produces engineers, architects and computer technologists for a architects and computer technologists for a modern development nation. modern development nation.

- To encourage and supervise advanced - To encourage and supervise advanced technologists and technicians to do research, technologists and technicians to do research, thereby inventing mechanical appliances thereby inventing mechanical appliances according to the plans for the development of according to the plans for the development of Science and Technology so as to built up an Science and Technology so as to built up an agriculture-based industrialized nation. agriculture-based industrialized nation.

Technological Universities, Computer Universities & Colleges

Yangon Technological University (YTU)Mandalay Technological University (MTU)Pyay Technological University (PTU)Myanmar Aerospace Engineering University (MAEU)University of Computer studies (Yangon)University of Computer studies (Mandalay)24 Government Computer Colleges

The Diploma/Degree/Certificate offered at YTU/ MTU/ PTU /MAEU/

Diploma/Degree/ Certificate DurationDiploma (in Engineering) 2-yearsB.E/ B.Arch (in Engineering) 5-years 6-monthsM.E/M.Arch (in Engineering) 2-yearsPh.D (in Engineering) 3 to 5 yearsDiploma (in Applied Science) 1-yearMaster (in Applied Science) 2-yearsPh.D (in Applied Science) 3 to 5 yearsDip.C.S/ Dip.C.M/ A.Dip.C.S/ A,Dip.C.M 1-yearsB.C.S.C/ B.C.Tech. (in Computer) 3-yearsM.C.Sc/M.C.Tech./M.I.Sc./M.A.Sc 4-yearsPh.D (Information Technology) 3-years

Function of DTVEFunction of DTVE

• Nurturing and training Middle-Rung Nurturing and training Middle-Rung

Technicians and Performance-Base Well trained Technicians and Performance-Base Well trained

Engineering Technicians and engineers who are Engineering Technicians and engineers who are

well educated and efficient in practical works as well educated and efficient in practical works as

ell.ell.

• Bridging the gap between Divisions and States, Bridging the gap between Divisions and States,

between urban and rural areas by affording the between urban and rural areas by affording the

equal opportunity to have technical education and equal opportunity to have technical education and

fostering human resources. fostering human resources.

The Certificates/Degrees offered at GTCs/GTIs are:

Certificates/Degrees Duration

- BSTC (Module 1&2) 1-years- Associateship Government 2-years Technical Institutes (A.G.T.I)- Basic Technician (B.Tech)2-years- Bachelor of Engineering (B.E) 1-years

- Upgrading the local technological potentials in the construction of machineries.

- Collaborating with international for promotion of Technology.

- Upgrading the local technological potentials in the construction of machineries.

- Collaborating with international for promotion of Technology.

Function of DTPCFunction of DTPC

Function of DAE

DAE is carrying out research, development and training in the field of atomic energy and tasks concerning safely of radiation sources and production from nuclear radiation hazards.

Developing Human Resources Sector

Extending Universities, Colleges, and InstitutesExtending New Courses and Special CoursesInternational Collaborations

Research and Development Sector

Research works on Rural DevelopmentResearch works on industrial DevelopmentResearches for Master’s and Doctoral ProgramsRegular research works being done by Research Departments

Current and Future Development &

Leading Research and Innovation on S&T

Food Science and TechnologyBiotechnologyMeteorology and GeophysicsMaterials Science and TechnologyInformation TechnologyNon- Conventional Energy ResearchMarine Science and TechnologySpace Technology

Expenditure in R&D for MOST

Year Currency units millions Fiscal Year

2002 Kyats (K) 56 2534.756

2001-2002 (1st April)

2001 Kyats (K) 26 2885.472

2000-2001 (1st April)

2000 Kyats (K) 4 964.452 1999-2000 (1st April)

1999 Kyats (K) 4 549.357 1998-1999 (1st April)

1998 Kyats (K) 4 669.293 1997-1998 (1st April)

1997 Kyats (K) 2 308.466 1996-1997 (1st April)

Funds From abroad

The order of magnitude of the multilateral development assistance for 2001 was close to US$ 40 million; bilateral assistance (grants and loans) was close to US$ 90 million, without counting china who is and important source of aid. NGOs have brought close to US$ 9 million. This approximates a total US$ 150 million. The two major multilateral partners for Myanmar in the area of education are UNDP and UNICEF, UNDP financed US$ 13 million between 1994 and 2002 in the three phases of the HDI education project implemented by UNESCO.

ConclusionConclusion

MOST is implementing the tasks of nurturing MOST is implementing the tasks of nurturing

required technicians scientists by means of short-required technicians scientists by means of short-

term and long-term plans outstrips the target goals term and long-term plans outstrips the target goals

and successfully carrying out in drawing plan and and successfully carrying out in drawing plan and

doing state-level research works for rural doing state-level research works for rural

development, industrial development, and development, industrial development, and

Technological development. The present status of Technological development. The present status of

Myanmar still have gaps compared with the Myanmar still have gaps compared with the

developed countries. Therefore, we are still striving developed countries. Therefore, we are still striving

continuously for all round development of Science & continuously for all round development of Science &

Technology.Technology.

ConclusionConclusion

MOST is implementing the tasks of nurturing MOST is implementing the tasks of nurturing

required technicians scientists by means of short-required technicians scientists by means of short-

term and long-term plans outstrips the target goals term and long-term plans outstrips the target goals

and successfully carrying out in drawing plan and and successfully carrying out in drawing plan and

doing state-level research works for rural doing state-level research works for rural

development, industrial development, and development, industrial development, and

Technological development. The present status of Technological development. The present status of

Myanmar still have gaps compared with the Myanmar still have gaps compared with the

developed countries. Therefore, we are still striving developed countries. Therefore, we are still striving

continuously for all round development of Science & continuously for all round development of Science &

Technology.Technology.