Government at a Glance 2015

Country Fact Sheetwww.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

A large reduction of the public deficit and an increase in social spending were observed in Spain over the past years

Between 2007 and 2009 the fiscal conditions have deteriorated in Spain reporting the largest deficits in 2009 (-11.0% of GDP), the second highest deficit across OECD countries. Ambitious consolidation programmes put in place by the Spanish government led to a reduction of the general government deficit to its lowest level since the beginning of the crisis (-5.8% of GDP in 2014). Simultaneously and mainly related to the rise of unemployment, Spanish total government spending on social protection as a percentage of total government spending experienced the largest increase across OECD countries (6.7 p.p. between 2007 and 2013).

Chapter 2: Public finance and economics

General government fiscal balance as a percentage of GDPChange in the structure of general government expenditures by function

The crisis brought an increase in income inequalities partly mitigatedby transfers and the tax system in Spain

The economic crisis resulted in a sharp increase in income inequalities. Between 2007 and 2011, the dispos-able income of the bottom 10% of the population decreased annually by 12.9%, while it decreased only by 1.4% for the top 10%, the highest difference between these income groups across OECD countries. Howev-er, in general terms, government transfers and the tax system in Spain have managed to substantially reduce income inequality in 2011 from a Gini coefficient of 0.52 before taxes and transfers to 0.34 after taxes and transfers.

Chapter 11: Core government results

Annual percentage changes in household disposable income between 2007 and 2011 by income groupDifferences in income inequality pre and post-tax and government transfers

Spanish life expectancy is one of the longest across OECD countries and efficiency gains have also been observed in hospital service delivery over the last years

Over the past decade, the increase in life expectancy in Spain can partly be attributed to better processes of care. Indeed, Spain was the country with the fourth longest life expectancy at birth across OECD countries in 2012 (82.5 years), 2.3 years above the OECD average. Additionally, over the period 2002 and 2012, ef-ficiency gains have been reported in hospital service delivery. Indeed, the average length of stay in hospital for any conditions has been reduced over the period 2002-2012 reaching an average stay of 6.7 days (0.8 days below the OECD average).

Chapter 11: Core government results

Life expectancy at birth and total expenditure on health per capitaAverage length of stay in hospital for all conditions

Spain

Government revenues(2013, 2014)

Government expenditures(2013, 2014)

Government gross debt *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP

Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts

G@G /dataG@G /data

-15% -10% 0%-5% +5% +10% +15%

Spain

-4.2%-5.8%

2013 2013

-6.8%

2014

Fiscal balance *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP

Public investment(2013, 2014)

% of of total govt. expenditures

How to read the figures:

Spain

Country value in blue (not represented if not available)

Average of OECD countries in green

Range of OECD country values in grey

Public Finance & Economics Public Employment & Compensation

Public Finance and Economics

GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES

29.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

30.8%Spain

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

41.9%

43.6%(2014)

44.3%(2013)

Spain

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

2013

7.8%

4.7%(2014)

4.8%(2013)

Spain102.1%

2013

115.8% 100%

0%2014

109.3%100%

0% 2013

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%

Spain

Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to

data not available

Source: OECD/Eurostat National Accounts* SNA definition, see Notes

Source: OECD National Accounts. * See Notes

Public Employment and Compensation

G@G /data

58.0%

54.3%Spain

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Public sector employment filled by women (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

Share of women ministers(2015)

Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database

Public sector employmentas % of total employment (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

21.3%

17.1%Spain

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

37.7%

37.8%(2014)

37.5%(2013)

Spain

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Institutions Regulatory Governance Public Procurement Public Sector Integrity Digital Government

Digital Gov.

High Moderate Low

30%59%11%

HighSpain

G@G /data

Level ofinfluence of the

Centre of Governmentover line ministries

(2013)

Institutions

Source: OECD 2013 Survey on Centre of Government

Women in Government

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Stakeholder engagement to inform o�cials about the problem and

possible solutions

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Consultation on draft regulations or proposed rules

For all primary laws

For all subordinate regulations

For all primary laws /subordinate regulations

For major primary laws /subordinate regulations

For some primary laws /subordinate regulations

NeverNotapplicable

For some primary laws

For some subordinate regulations

3%15%65%15%2%

6%9%

62%23%0%

68%6%

18%6%2%

53%18%24%5%0%

Spain

G@G /data

Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook (forthcoming)

Stakeholder engagement and consultation (2014)

Regulatory Governance

Strategic public procurement - Objectives(2014)

G@G /data

Public Procurement

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

29.0%

50%

22.8%

Spain

Source: OECD National Accounts

Procurement expenditure(2013)

% of government expenditures

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Public Procurement

Public Sector Integrity

2632

64

44

Judicial Branch “At risk” areasLegislative BranchExecutive Branch

Low level

Medium level

High level

88

54

38

SpainSpainSpainSpain

Level of disclosure of private interestsacross branches of government

(2014)

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Conflict of Interest in the Executive Branch and Whistleblower Protection

0.58

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.78Spain

OURdata Index:Open, Useful, ReusableGovernment Data (2014)

Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Open Government Data

Support for greenpublic procurement

A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities

A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level

Support forSMEs

Support for innovativegoods and services

13 26 1

A strategy / policy has been rescinded

A strategy / policy has never been developed

2 10 25 0 3 10 23 0 3

Spain

GOVERNMENT OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES

Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Data for Spain for fiscal balance in 2013 include 4.897 million EUR of financial aids to the banks. Structural fiscal balance, or underlying balance, represents the fiscal balance adjusted for the state of the economic cycle (as measured by the output gap which resulted as the dif ference between actual and potential GDP) and one-off fiscal operations. Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which dif fers from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt.

Core Government Results and Service Delivery

Out of pocket expenditure as a % of final household consumption Access to healthcare (2012)

Source: OECD Health Statistics 2014

Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2014)

71%

Judicial system

Education system

67%

20

40

60

80

100

Health care

67%54%

54%36%

National government42%21%

Spain

Average

Range

Source: Gallup World Poll

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

SpainTop10%

-12.9%

Bottom10%

-1.4%

Top10%

Bottom10%

-1.6% -0.8%

Changes in household disposable income,by income group (2007-2011)

Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Limited government powers(2014)

Spain0.69

0.76

[0.37-0.92]

Source: The World Justice Project

Equity in learning outcomes (2012)PISA mathematics score variance by socio economic background

14.8%

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

15.8%Spain

Source: OECD, PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity, 2013

% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction

Government at a Glance 2015With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2015 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the

goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances

and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on services to

citizens in health care, education, and justice. Government at a Glance 2015 also includes indicators on key governance and public management

issues, such as regulatory management, budgeting practices and procedures, public sector integrity, public procurement and core government

results in terms of trust in institutions, income redistribution and efficiency and cost-effectiveness of governments.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2015-en

The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2015 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:

For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

2.8%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5%

2.9%Spain