Cost Analysis of Activated Sludge Process
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Transcript of Cost Analysis of Activated Sludge Process
A
PRESENTATION
ON
COST ANALYSIS OF
ACTIVATED SLUDGE PROCESS
INTRODUCTION
Efficient working of wastewater treatment plant depends upon the accuracy of design of wastewater treatment plant.
Sewage Treatment Plants (STP’s) and Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP’s) essentially work on certain well-established principles.
Economics of construction is a major factor in construction of any wastewater treatment facility
COST ANALYSIS
For the design of waste water treatment plant we need to know: Initial construction cost Annual operation cost Maintenance cost
COST ANALYSIS
While preparing a cost estimate consider the following points:
• Both capital and annual cost be reported • All cost estimates be referenced to some cost
index (as costs are changing so rapidly & also to allow effective cost comparisons to be made in the future)
Engineering News- Record Construction Cost Index
Current value of index Current cost = --------------------------------------- x Cost cited in report. Value of index at time of report
Projected future value of index
Future cost = --------------------------------------- x Current cost. Current Value of index
Source: U.S Environmental Protection Agency
DEVELOPING COST CURVES FOR TANKS
The analysis and structural design of all types of tanks is carried out by using “SEPL- Tank” software.
All the tanks are designed using this single software, hence uniformity in the results is also expected. The outputs given by “SEPL Tank” are then fed into a spreadsheet prepared in
“Microsoft Excel” to work out the quantities.
METHODOLOGY
Selection of Shape and Size
Analyze Circular, Square and Rectangular shaped reactors for their cost.
Identification of all possible sizes of the components
Work out the maximum size of a tank that can constructed for a STP.
Materials and Specifications
METHODOLOGY
The rates used for calculation of the cost of a tank can be taken from Schedule of Rates of respective State PWD.
The rates taken include the following sub heads:
1. Cost of Materials
2. Cost of Labor
3. Nominal Carriage
4. Contractor’s profit
5. Over head charges and
6. Contingencies.
DEVELOPING COST CURVES FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS
For ASP we consider the cost of following equipments:
• Equalization Basin• Settling Tank and Clarifloculator• Fixed Aerators/ Floating Aerators• Clarifier• Pumps
CIVIL STRUCTURES
Circular Tanks
Square Tanks
Rectangular Tanks
ESTIMATES OF QUANTITIES OF CIRCULAR TANKS
Rates as per Rajasthan Schedule of Rates:
Cement Concrete M 25 = Rs 2,367.00 per m3
P.C.C (1:4:8) = Rs 18.50 per kgSteel (Fe 415) = Rs 910.00 per m3
Shuttering = Rs 73.00 per m2
Excavation = Rs 26.50 per m3
CIRCULAR TANKS
Geometry of circular tanks to be considered:• Diameter of tank• Height of tank• Wall thickness• Length of toe• Length of heel• Thickness of toe and heel• Thickness of base lab
Dia of Tank(m)
Depth of Tank(m)
Capacity( m3 )
Total CostRs (lacs)
Cost/Liter
2.00 1.70 5.34 0.10 1.90
3.00 2.20 15.55 0.21 1.36
4.00 2.70 33.93 0.34 1.01
5.00 3.20 62.83 0.52 0.83
10.00 3.20 251.33 1.37 0.55
A graph is then plotted between capacity (in cubic meter) and cost (Rs in lacs) and the equation for best-fit curve is obtained.
COST FUNCTIONS FOR CIVIL WORKS
COMPONENT FUNCTION REGRESSION COEFFICIENT
Circular Tanks C=0.0256 V0.7430 0.9962
Square Tanks C=0.0320 V0.7776 0.9863
Rectangular Tanks
Aspect Ratio 1.5
Aspect Ratio 2
C=0.0364 V0.7709
C=0.0339 V0.7998
0.9864
0.9907
C=Cost in Lacs, V=Volume of Reactor in m3
COST FUNCTIONS FOR MECHANICAL EUIPMENTS
COMPONENT FUNCTION REGRESSION
COEFFICIENT
Fixed Aerators C= 0.3512 H 0.6405 0.9073
Floating Aerators C= 0.9718 H 0.4597 0.9433
Clariflocculator Mechanism
C= 0.8213 D 0.7394 0.9769
Clarifier Mechanism C= 0.6274 D 0.7749 0.9547
Clarifier Scraper Arm C= 0.3107 D 0.8098 0.9767
Centrifugal Pumps C= 0.0828 H 0.9794 0.9746C= Cost in Lacs, H= Horse power of equipment, D= Dia of Clarifier in m
CONCLUSIONS
Circular tank is most economical in construction cost.
As Aspect ratio of a Rectangular tank increases its cost also increases.
CONCLUSIONS
Designers should also add local variations like:
Land acquisition rates, development of site, additions for piping and interconnecting paths, drains, lighting and laboratory equipments etc.
Energy requirements for construction costs and for maintenance, labor, parts and supply costs are also reported.
THANK YOU