Daw Dhendup (101035): dawadhenks27@gmail.com Karma Yoezer (101037): kyoezer21@gmail.comBhutanese Economy I (Eco-242)B.A Economics & Environmental StudiesFaculty: Tanveer Reza RoufDate: 19/06/13

Corruption Perception of Bhutanese Youth:

A case study of RTC students in 2012

INTRODUCTION

What is the corruption perception of Bhutanese youth in

2012?

RQ1: What are the types of corruption which are

perceived to have negative impacts in Bhutan?

RQ2: What factors affect corruption perception in health sector?

“Corruption is operationally defined as the misuse of entrusted power for private gain.”

JUSTIFICATION: WHY SURVEYED IN RTC?

No specific study has been done

Youths are the future nation

RTC is located in the capital

Interaction with various people

Exposure to social media

Transparency and Corruption (2004): misuse of public funds, nepotism and favoritism

Bardhan and Mookherjee (2001): level of corruption in the least developed, developing countries and developed nations

Anti-Corruption Commission of Bhutan (2008): nepotism and favoritism

Review of Literature

Types of corruption:

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

o Melgar and Rossi (2009): accessibility of information

and ability to analyze

o Personal interaction

o Social-demographic variables

o Melgar, Rossi and Smith (2010): age is not significant

Factors affecting level of corruption:

• Data collected in 2012 by Rabten, Wangchuk and Dorji

Questionnaire

Data and Methodology:

Demographic variables

General forms of corruption

Corruption in health sector

General forms of corruption

Nepotism &

favoritism

Misuse of public funds

Misuse of human resources

Natural Resources

misuse

Misuse of public

facilities

Fronting nation to non-nation

Factors which can affect corruption perception

Variable “X” Variable “Y”

Level of

corruption perception

Age

Gender

Residence

Course

Experience

Data Entry

Variables Coding

Gender Male = 1, female = 0

Age 18 till 35

Course B.A/BCA = 1, Business = 0

Residence Boarder = 0, Dayscholar = 1

Experience Strongly agree = 3, partly agree = 2, disagree = 1, don't know = 0

Level of corruption

1-10% = 0, 11-20%=1, 21-40%= 2, 50% above=3

RESULT

Ordinary Linear Regression Mode of factors Affecting Corruption Perception

R Square = 0.081= 10%

Significance F = 0.150

Independent Variables Coefficient (P-Value)

Age 0.05 (0.11)

Gender -0.31 (0.18)

Residence -0.28 (0.34)

Course -0.31 (0.25 )

Experience 0.09 (0.64)

RESULT ANALYSIS

All the five variables were insignificant

Proves no variables could affect the perception

Average Bhutanese people do not sense it

Are satisfied with provided health care/facilities

Low level of corruption in Bhutan

POLICY RECOMMENDATION

High in public fund misuses, Anti-Corruption Commission of Bhutan, Royal Audit Authority of Bhutan and other affiliated organizations must work unanimously to bring it under compromise

Further research on variables other than demographic variables such as “Is there corruption within high level people in health sector?”

Thanking You