Correction News Fourth Quarter 2004 Correction NewsectionNews
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CORRECTIONS CORRECTION Figure 11 in “Echocardiographic insights into regional flow-function relationships in coronary artery disease” (Kaul S. J Nucl Cardiol 2005;12:216-26) was printed upside down. The corrected figure is reprinted below. CORRECTION The tables in “Targeting the vulnerable plaque: The evolving role of nuclear imaging” (J Nucl Cardiol 2005;12:234-46) were printed incorrectly. The corrected tables are as follows. Figure 11. Data from a dog with a noncritical LAD stenosis at peak dobutamine dose, where MBF is increased. Left panels, Perfusion defects (arrows) early (upper panel) and late (lower panel) after microbubble destruction. The first shows the perfusion territory of the artery, and the second shows how much of it is filled with collaterals. Right panels, The upper panel shows the radiolabeled microsphere– derived hypoperfused zone (arrows), whereas the lower panel shows the extent of abnormal WT (defined by chords and arrows). Note the similarities between the MCE and micro- sphere data in the upper panels and the MCE and WT data in the lower panels. (Reprinted from reference 36 with permission.) Table 1. Imaging modalities used for assessment of human atherosclerotic plaque Imaging modality % Stenosis Wall Lipid Fibrous cap Thrombus Macrophage/ inflammation Ca 2 Apoptosis Invasive X-ray angiography * †‡§ — — — (*) — * †‡§ — IVUS * †‡§ * †‡§ (* †‡§ ) (* †‡§ ) (* †‡§ ) — * †‡§ — OCT * * * * * — * — Thermography — — — — — * — — Noninvasive US †‡§ †‡§ — — — — †‡§ — MRI (*) †‡§ * †‡§ † † †‡§ ( † ) (*) †‡§ — EBCT — — — — — — * †‡§ — MSCT (*) †‡§ * †‡§ †‡§ † — — * †‡§ — Nuclear — — †§ — †§ †‡ — † Parentheses indicate that imaging is less than satisfactory. IVUS, intravascular ultrasound; OCT, optical coherence tomography; US, ultrasound; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; EBCT, electron beam computed tomography; MSCT, multi-slice computed tomography. *Coronary. † Carotid. ‡ Aorta. § Ileo-femoral. 370
Transcript of Correction
CORRECTIONS
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CORRECTIONFigure 11 in “Echocardiographic insights into regional flow-function relationships in coronary artery disease”(Kaul S. J Nucl Cardiol 2005;12:216-26) was printed upside down. The corrected figure is reprinted below.
CORRECTIONThe tables in “Targeting the vulnerable plaque: The evolving role of nuclear imaging” (J Nucl Cardiol2005;12:234-46) were printed incorrectly. The corrected tables are as follows.
Figure 11. Data from a dog with a noncritical LAD stenosis at peakdobutamine dose, where MBF is increased. Left panels, Perfusiondefects (arrows) early (upper panel) and late (lower panel) aftermicrobubble destruction. The first shows the perfusion territory ofthe artery, and the second shows how much of it is filled withcollaterals. Right panels, The upper panel shows the radiolabeledmicrosphere–derived hypoperfused zone (arrows), whereas thelower panel shows the extent of abnormal WT (defined by chordsand arrows). Note the similarities between the MCE and micro-sphere data in the upper panels and the MCE and WT data in thelower panels. (Reprinted from reference 36 with permission.)
able 1. Imaging modalities used for assessment of human atherosclerotic plaque
Imagingmodality
%Stenosis Wall Lipid
Fibrouscap Thrombus
Macrophage/inflammation Ca2� Apoptosis
vasiveX-ray angiography *†‡§ — — — (*) — *†‡§ —IVUS *†‡§ *†‡§ (*†‡§) (*†‡§) (*†‡§) — *†‡§ —OCT * * * * * — * —Thermography — — — — — * — —oninvasiveUS †‡§ †‡§ — — — — †‡§ —MRI (*)†‡§ *†‡§ † † †‡§ (†) (*)†‡§ —EBCT — — — — — — *†‡§ —MSCT (*)†‡§ *†‡§ †‡§ † — — *†‡§ —Nuclear — — †§ — †§ †‡ — †
rentheses indicate that imaging is less than satisfactory.US, intravascular ultrasound; OCT, optical coherence tomography; US, ultrasound; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; EBCT, electron beammputed tomography; MSCT, multi-slice computed tomography.oronary. †Carotid. ‡Aorta. §Ileo-femoral.
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Journal of Nuclear Cardiology Corrections 371Volume 12, Number 3;370-2
able 2. Radionuclide tracer compounds used to image atherosclerosis
Targetechanism
Target cell/molecule Tracer
Animal/human
Ex-vivohistologiccorrelation
Successfulin-vivoimaging Notes
ipidaccumulation
LDL 123-I LDL35 Human carotid ✓ ✓ Long plasma half-lifeof tracernecessitates lateimaging
99m-Tc LDL37 Human carotid,ileo-femoral
✓ ? Tracer uptake seenin only 4 of 17patients, but goodhistologiccorrelation foundbetween uptakeand plaqueinstability
125-I LDL36 NZW rabbitaorta
✓ N/A Good correlationwith foam cellinfiltration
Ox-LDL 99m-Tc ox-LDL38
Human carotid ✓ ✓ Rapid plasmaclearance (c.f.native LDL tracers)
125-IMDA239
Apo E -/-mouseWHHL rabbit
✓ N/A Also capable oftracking changesin foam cellnumber40
125-I IK1742 ApoE -/-mouse
✓ N/A In-vitro staining ofhuman plaques,IK17 localizes tolipid core42
apoB 125-I SP-443 NZW rabbitaorta
✓ N/A Colocalization ofwith foam cells
123-I SP-444 WHHL rabbitaorta
N/A ✓
acrophageinfiltration
Autologousmonocytes
111-Inmonocyte46
Human N/A ✓ Identified 40% oflesions, nohistologiccorrelation
CCR-2 125-I MCP-151
NZW rabbitaorta
✓ N/A Excellent correlationwith macrophagenumber, fastplasma clearance
Ama 131-I Ama-MoAb52
WHHL rabbitaorta
✓ X Slow plasmaclearance,unsuccessfulgamma imaging
GLUT 18-FFDG65,67–70
WHHL � NZWaorta Humancarotid andaorta
✓ ✓ PET tracer, goodcorrelationbetween traceruptake andmacrophagenumber, uptake inhumans unstable� stable plaque
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372 Corrections Journal of Nuclear CardiologyMay/June 2005
able 2. Continued
Targetechanism
Target cell/molecule Tracer
Animal/human
Ex-vivohistologiccorrelation
Successfulin-vivoimaging Notes
MMP 123-I HO-CGS27023A55
apoE -/-mousecarotid
✓ ✓ Significant increasein uptake inlesioned carotid(c.f. sham andcontrol), rapidplasma clearance
poptosis PS 99m-TcAnnexin-V73,74
NZW rabbitaorta Humancarotid
✓ ✓ Colocalisation withapoptoticmacrophages,uptake in humanscorrelates withvulnerablehistologic features
oagulation Fibrin 99m-Tc T2G1sFab’76
Canine carotid N/A ✓ Uptake ratio lesion:control � 2:1 invivo and 4:1 exvivo
D-dimer 99m-TcTRF180
Human carotid N/A X Uptake seen in only5 of 8 patients, nohistologic correlate
latelets Autologousplatelets
111-Inautologousplatelets83,84
Human carotid N/A ? Inconsistent resultsbetween studies,may be of use intracking effects ofantiplatelets81,82
GPIIb/IIIa 99m-TcP74886
Canine carotid N/A ✓
99m-TcP28087
Human carotid N/A ? Uptake in 11 of 18patients, noohistologic correlate
99m-Tc DMP-44488
Canine carotid ✓ ✓ Tracer uptakecorrelated withplatelet number/thrombus weight
L, Low density lipoprotein; ox-LDL, oxidized low density lipoprotein; NZW, New Zealand white; N/A, not attempted; Apo E -/-,olipoprotein E null; MDA, molondialdehyde; WHHL, Watanabe heritable hyperlipidaemic; SP, synthetic peptide; CCR, chemokine receptor;CP, monocyte chemotactic protein; Ama-MoAb, amino malonic acid monoclonal antibody; [18F]FDG, 18-flurodeoxyglucose; GLUT, glucoseansporter protein; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PS, phosphatadyl serine.
