Core Pulmonary Concepts. Lung volumes and capacities.
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Transcript of Core Pulmonary Concepts. Lung volumes and capacities.
![Page 1: Core Pulmonary Concepts. Lung volumes and capacities.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082411/5697bf871a28abf838c886e1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Core Pulmonary Concepts
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Lung volumes and capacities
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Pulmonary Function
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Lung volumes Tidal volume (Vt)
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
Expiratory Reserve volume (ERV)
Residual volume (RV)
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Lung capacities Vital capacity (VC)
Inspiratory capacity (IC)
Functional Residual Capacity
Total lung capacity (TLC)
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Spirometery
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Core measurements FVC
Forced vital capacity: maximum volume that can be exhaled forcefully (aka VC)
FEV1: forced expiratory volume 1 second
maximum volume exhaled in the first second of the test
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Core measurements Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR): Maximum flow rate during a FVC
maneuver; varies with sex, age, height, etc.
FEF25-75% : forced expiratory flow, 25-75%-the average flow rate dudring the mid portion of the test
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Flow-volume loop
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Diagnostic terms Obstructive
Flow-limited defect Difficulty getting the
air out of the lungs The following values
are all diminished: FVC, PEFR, FEV1,
FEF25-75
Restrictive Volume-limited
defect Difficulty getting the
air into the lung The following values
are diminished: FVC, FE 1, TLC Flows are normal
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Lung disease via PFT Flow-limited
All flows are diminished
PEFR FEF25-75
Hallmark: air trapping
Volume-limited Flows are normal to
super-normal (elasticity of lungs is increased)
Volumes are small
Hallmark: “tiny” lungs
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Key values
FEV1--gold standard All research in lung function reports this
value
FEF25-75% -another standard Reflects, anatomically, the small to medium
size airways (bronchi)