CopyrightX  Lecture  8:  Rights  of  Distribu7on  and  

Performance    

Selected  Illustra7ons    

William  Fisher  February  27,  2014  

The  following  images  appear  in  the  background  of  eighth  lecture  in  the  CopyrightX  lecture  series.    A  recording  of  the  lecture  itself  is  available  at  hNp://copyx.org/lectures/.    Removed  from  their  original  context,  the  images  will  not  make  much  sense.    The  func7on  of  this  collec7on  of  images  is  to  enable  persons  who  have  already  watched  the  lecture  to  review  the  material  it  contains.    The  terms  on  which  these  materials  may  be  used  or  modified  are  available  at  hNp://copyx.org/permission/.  

Opposed  Forces  Interests  of  Copyright  Owners  1)  Leverage  over  

Intermediaries  2)  Maximize  

demand  for  copies  

3)  Restrict  Arbitrage  and  thus  facilitate  differen7al  pricing  

AXtudes  resistant  to  restric7ons  on  distribu7on  1)  Resentment  of  

greed  2)  Skep7cism  

concerning  con7nuing  control  over  objects  

3)  Hos7lity  to  differen7al  pricing  

106(3)  

602(a)  

109(a)  

109(b)(1)(A)  

109(b)(1)(B)  

602(a)(1-­‐3)  

Quality  King  

Omega  

Kirtsaeng  

Autodesk  

March  21,  2015  

March  21,  2015  

Copyright Autodesk

Authorized Copy

Autodesk

Authorized Copy CTA  

Authorized Copy Vernon

copy  

sale  

resale  109(a)  

Authorized Copy Buyer

Ebay

resale  109(a)  

Vernon  v  Autodesk:  Vernon’s  narra7ve  

March  21,  2015  

Copyright Autodesk

Authorized Copy

Autodesk

Authorized Copy Vernon

copy  

Authorized Copy Buyer

Ebay

resale  109(a)  n.a.  

Authorized Copy CTA  

lease  

Purported  resale  109(a)  n.a.  

Vernon  v  Autodesk:  Autodesk’s  narra7ve  

Vernon  v.  Autodesk:    Holding  

We  hold  today  that  a  soeware  user  is  a  licensee  rather  than  an  owner  of  a  copy  where  the  copyright  owner    (1)  specifies  that  the  user  is  granted  a  license;    (2)  significantly  restricts  the  user's  ability  to  transfer  the  soeware;  and    (3)  imposes  notable  use  restric7ons    

March  21,  2015  

March 21, 2015

Cable  TV  &  Radio  System  

Restaurant D

igital broadcast

MW  

MW  

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MW  

MW  

MW  

MW   MW  

MW  MW  

A

B

C

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F

GH

I

SR  

SR  

SR  SR  

SR  

SR  

SR  

SR  SR  

SR  

Violations of §106

Set-top box

TV

Subscriber  

Warner Bros. NBC

Cablevision

HBO

Cartoon Network

BMR 1.2  second  buffer  

Arroyo  Server  

Primary buffer

Secondary buffer

hard  drives  

DVR

Home  

0.1  second  buffer  

(1)  Unauthorized  reproduc7on?  

(2)  Unauthorized  reproduc7on?  

(3)  Public  performance?  

Aereo  (2014)  

“[I]n  light  of  the  purpose  and  text  of  the  [Transmit]  Clause,  we  conclude  that  when  an  en7ty  communicates  the  same  contemporaneously  percep7ble  images  and  sounds  to  mul7ple  people,  it  transmits  a  performance  to  them  regardless  of  the  number  of  discrete  communica7ons  it  makes.”        

Aereo  (2014)  

“[A]n  en7ty  that  transmits  a  performance  to  individuals  in  their  capaci7es  as  owners  or  possessors  does  not  perform  to  ‘the  public,’  whereas  an  en7ty  like  Aereo  that  transmits  to  large  numbers  of  paying  subscribers  who  lack  any  prior  rela7onship  to  the  works  does  so  perform.”        

Aereo  (2014)  

“[T]he  doctrine  of  ‘fair  use’  can  help  to  prevent  inappropriate  or  inequitable  applica7ons  of  the  [Transmit]  Clause.”