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Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Updates to the ERICA Tool
Barcelona – 10th September 2014
www.er-alliance.org
Nick Beresford & Justin Brown
[email protected] (NERC-CEH, UK)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
ERICA Tool updates
Since 2007 release have been updatesTypically addressing ‘bugs’
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Since 2007 release have been updatesTypically addressing ‘bugs’
The 2014 release will have more substantial updatesDefault radionuclidesCR & kd values revised
Reference organismsEMCL values
ERICA Tool updates
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Radionuclides
Added:Ba-140, Ca-45, Cr-51, Cf-252, Ir-192, La-140, Pa-231 & Zn-65
ERICA now consistent with ICRP (Publication 108 & 114) radionuclide lists for their developing RAP approach
CRs, kds, DCC & EMCLs generated for the new default radionuclides
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Added freshwater reptile There are European protected freshwater
reptile species
Removed bird eggLack of CR values and inconsistent with other
organisms
Marine macroalgae – geometry now consistent with ICRP 108 (increase in mass from 0.0065 kg to 0.652 kg)
Reference organisms
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Reference organisms
Some changes in naming
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Transfer parameters
December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA ToolHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no
justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Transfer parameters
December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA ToolHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no
justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date
c. 1500 CR values required for the ERICA Tool
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
CRwo-media – what’s changed
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Wildlife Transfer Database
• On-line CR database compiled - initially under remit of IAEA EMRAS WG
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Evolution to the IAEA/ICRP
ERICA
New & review data
USDOE R&D128
EPIC
FASSET
IAEA 422
WildlifeDatabase
Canadian U-mine industryCOG monitoring dataRussian language literatureSKB reportsJapanese estuariesAustralian dataData from new studies Post ERICA literature review ........ and more
ICRP 114 & IAEA TRS
479
86979 CRwo values24883 CRwo-sediment
71 elements
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Publications
See JER website for others ‘analysing’ database &
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Evolution since 2011
WildlifeDatabase
ICRP 114 & IAEA TRS
479
86979 CRwo values24883 CRwo-sediment
c. 17,000 additional CR values added (>80 elements)
Barnett et al in-press ‘UK RAP site’Sheppard studies CanadaNIRS estuarine dataUSA plant and invertebrate data (Napier)Review of Australian data (Hirth/Johansen)US weapons test sites Pu data (Johansen)STUK monitoring dataPost 2011 literature (not comprehensive)
QCRepeat entriesOutliers investigatedConversion errors
ERICA revision
Some refs outBUT ID
numbers will not be reused
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
http://www.wildlifetransferdatabase.org/
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Transfer parameters – ERICA Tool
December 2013 version of Wildlife Transfer Database used to revise ERICA ToolHave used data at broad wildlife group level – no
justification to use more refined categories on basis of analyses conducted to date
c. 1500 CR values required for ERICA ToolApproximately 50% derived from empirical data Extrapolation/Guidance approaches to provide missing
data still required
kd received less attention than CR
Tried to minimise previous use of marine kds in freshwater ecosystems
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Extrapolation in ERICA 2014
Option 10 – includes approaches to derive pdf (mean and standard deviation)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Will change in ERICA 2014 version
Option 10 – includes approaches to derive missing pdfs (mean and standard deviation)
Information on how derived is given in Tool
Data for elements not included in Tool used to derive default values for options 4 & 5 where appropriate (e.g. Cu used to provide some Ag CR values)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in CR
Amph
ibia
n
Annel
id
Arthro
pod
- det
ritivo
rous
Flyin
g in
sects
Bird
Grass
es &
Her
bs
Lich
en &
Bry
ophy
tes
Mam
mal
- la
rge
Mam
mal
- sm
all-b
urro
wing
Mol
lusc
- ga
strop
od
Reptile
Shrub
Tree
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
2007
2014
CR Terrestrial (Cs)
Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in CR
Amph
ibia
n
Annel
id
Arthro
pod
- det
ritivo
rous
Flyin
g in
sects
Bird
Grass
es &
Her
bs
Lich
en &
Bry
ophy
tes
Mam
mal
- la
rge
Mam
mal
- sm
all-b
urro
wing
Mol
lusc
- ga
strop
od
Reptile
Shrub
Tree
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
2007
2014
CR Terrestial (Po) Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in CR
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
2007
2014
Freshwater CR (Ra)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in CR
Amph
ibian
Benth
ic fis
hBird
Moll
usc
- biva
lve
Crust
acea
n
Moll
usc
- gas
tropo
d
Inse
ct la
rvae
Mam
mal
Pelagic
fish
Phyto
plank
ton
Vascu
lar p
lant
Zoopla
nkto
n
Reptile
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
2007
2014
Freshwater CR (U)Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in CR
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6
2007
2014
CR Marine (Am)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in Kd
Ag Am C Cd Ce Cl Cm Co Cs Eu H I Mn Nb Ni Np P Pb Po Pu Ra Ru S Se Sr Tc Te Th U Zr
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6
1E+7
1E+8
Marine Kd
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Example changes in Kd
Ag Am C Cd Ce Cl Cm Co Cs Eu H I Mn Nb Ni Np P Pb Po Pu Ra Ru S Sb Se Sr Tc Te Th U Zr
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6
1E+7
1E+8Freshwater Kd
Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Distributions CR and kd
Where an SD available then lognormal distribution assumedOriginal ERICA Tool assumed exponential distributions
when no SD value for CR or kd
data extrapolation approach used to derive CR valueThis did not make best use of available information and can
likely lead to some extreme EMCL estimates For revised Tool database
Tried to derive default SD values when not available and hence assume lognormal & not exponential distributions
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Marine kd – distribution change e.g. Ag
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Marine kd – distribution change e.g. Ag
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Corrections in Tool
Terrestrial amphibian and reptile – default occupancy now 100% in soil
Lichen & bryophytes – all external DCCs recalculated
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values
The EMCL is the media activity concentration that gives rise to the screening dose rate (10 µGy/h) to the most exposed organism – used in Tier 1
All need to be recalculated using revised parameters (kd & CR (+ associated pdfs), occupancy, DCCs)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values - terrestrial
Ag-110m
Am-2
41C-1
4
Cd-109
Ce-141
Ce-144
Cl-36
Cm-2
42
Cm-2
43
Cm-2
44
Co-57
Co-58
Co-60
Cs-134
Cs-135
Cs-136
Cs-137
Eu-152
Eu-154
H-3
I-125
I-129
I-131
I-132
I-133
Mn-5
4
Nb-94
Nb-95
Ni-59
Ni-63
Np-237
P-32
P-33
Pb-210
Po-210
Pu-238
Pu-239
Pu-240
Pu-241
Ra-226
Ra-228
Ru-103
Ru-106
S-35
Sb-124
Sb-125
Se-75
Se-79
Sr-89
Sr-90
Tc-99
Te-129m
Te-132
Th-227
Th-228
Th-230
Th-231
Th-232
Th-234
U-234
U-235
U-238
Zr-95
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6
1E+7
Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values
Ag-110m
Am-2
41C-1
4
Cd-109
Ce-141
Ce-144
Cl-36
Cm-2
42
Cm-2
43
Cm-2
44
Co-57
Co-58
Co-60
Cs-134
Cs-135
Cs-136
Cs-137
Eu-152
Eu-154
H-3
I-125
I-129
I-131
I-132
I-133
Mn-5
4
Nb-94
Nb-95
Ni-59
Ni-63
Np-237
P-32
P-33
Pb-210
Po-210
Pu-238
Pu-239
Pu-240
Pu-241
Ra-226
Ra-228
Ru-103
Ru-106
S-35
Sb-124
Sb-125
Se-75
Se-79
Sr-89
Sr-90
Tc-99
Te-129m
Te-132
Th-227
Th-228
Th-230
Th-231
Th-232
Th-234
U-234
U-235
U-238
Zr-95
1E-6
1E-4
1E-2
1E+0
1E+2
1E+4
1E+6
1E+8
Marine water
Provisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6Marine sediment
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values
1.00E-04
1.00E-02
1.00E+00
1.00E+02
1.00E+04
1.00E+06
1.00E+08
Freshwater - water
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Revised EMCL values
Isot
ope
Am-2
41
Cd-10
9
Ce-14
4
Cm-2
42
Cm-2
44
Co-58
Cs-13
4
Cs-13
6
Eu-15
2H-3
I-129
I-132
Mn-
54
Nb-95
Ni-63
P-32
Pb-21
0
Pu-23
8
Pu-24
0
Ra-22
6
Ru-10
3S-3
5
Sb-12
5
Se-79
Sr-90
Te-12
9m
Th-22
7
Th-23
0
Th-23
2
U-234
U-238
1E-3
1E-2
1E-1
1E+0
1E+1
1E+2
1E+3
1E+4
1E+5
1E+6
1E+7
Freshwater - sedimentProvisional
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Benchmarks
40 µGy/h will apply to aquatic mammals & birds
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Tier 2 – uncertainty factors
Current UF values of 3 and 5 usedIntended to approximate 95th and 99th%ile RQs
Paper published suggesting that these should be 7 & 28
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Tier 2 – uncertainty factors
Demonstrated that UFs of 7 and 28 approximate to 97.5 and 99.5th percentiles
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Future changes
Multiple site/time entry functionality Revised IAEA SRS dispersion models Include ICRP DCRLs Dosimetry – half-life rules? Rn models? Noble gases? SRS approach for continuous terrestrial releases?
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
On-line Q&Awww.ceh.ac.uk/PROTECT/
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
On-line Q&Awww.ceh.ac.uk/PROTECT/
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Refresher course
Intending to run a short update course once new Tool version released under the STAR NoE
Will try to do this as webinar
To register an interest email [email protected]
Note also willing to tailor course to needs (e.g. two run in Australia)
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
See also:
ICRER abstract on changes to the Wildlife Transfer Database: Beresford et al. P-104
ICRER abstract on updating Environmental Media Concentration Limits and Uncertainty factors in the ERICA Tool: Brown et al. P-127
From: https://intranet.pacifico-meetings.com/amsysweb/publicacionOnline.jsf?id=146
Copyright © 2014 ALLIANCE
Thanks to:
B. Alfonso (Facilia Sweden)D. Copplestone (University of Stirling, UK)A. Hosseini (NRPA, Norway) E. Dagher (CNSC, Canada)G. Hirth (ARPANSA, Australia) M. Johansen (ANSTO, Australia)J. Napier (University of Oregon, USA) I. Outola (STUK, Finland) S. Sheppard (ECOMatters, Canada)S. Uchida (NIRS, Japan)C. Wells, C.L. Barnett (NERC-CEH, UK)