Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved. Chapter 5 Self-Knowledge: How We Come to...

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

Chapter 5

Self-Knowledge: How We Come to Understand Ourselves


The Nature of the Self


Functions of the Self

Why do human adults have such a multifaceted, complex definition of self?

Researchers have found that the self serves both:


Self-KnowledgeCultural Differences in Defining the Self

In many Western cultures, people have an independent view of the self.

Independent View of the Self


Cultural Differences in Defining the Self

In contrast, many Asian and other non-Western cultures have an interdependent view of the self.

Interdependent View of the Self


Gender Differences in Defining the Self

• Women

• Men


Knowing OurselvesThrough Introspection

Introspection


Focusing on the Self: Self-Awareness Theory

Self-Awareness Theory


Causal Theories

Judging Why We Feel the Way We Do: Telling More than We Can Know


The Consequences of Introspecting about Reasons

Reasons-Generated Attitude Change


Knowing Ourselves byObserving Our Own Behavior

Self-Perception Theory


Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation

Intrinsic Motivation

Extrinsic Motivation


Intrinsic versus Extrinsic Motivation

Overjustification EffectOverjustification Effect


Preserving Intrinsic Interest

Task-Contingent Rewards

Performance-Contingent Rewards


Understanding Our Emotions: The Two-Factor Theory of Emotion

Two-Factor Theory of Emotion


Finding the Wrong Cause: Misattribution of Arousal

Misattribution of Arousal


Interpreting the Social World:Appraisal Theories of Emotion

Appraisal Theories of Emotion


Using Other People To Know Ourselves

Social contact is crucial to the development of a self-concept.


Knowing Ourselves by Comparing Ourselves to Others

Social Comparison Theory



(1)When do you engage in social comparison?

(2)With whom do you choose to compare yourself?



upward social comparison:

downward social comparison:


Knowing Ourselves byAdopting Other People’s Views

Social Tuning

.


Impression Management:All the World’s a Stage

Impression Management

Ingratiation

Self-Handicapping

.Self-Handicapping

.


Impression Management: All the World’s a Stage

There are two major ways in which people self-handicap.


Culture, Impression Management,and Self-Enhancement

Self-Enhancement

.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved. Chapter 5 Self-Knowledge: How We Come to...

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