Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.
-
Upload
edith-goodman -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.
![Page 1: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
Part V
Public Health Nursing in the 21st Century
![Page 2: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
Chapter 29
Disaster Preparedness and Public Health Nursing
![Page 3: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
3
Disasters
• Occur with little to no warning:– Avalanches– Fires– Explosions– Tsunamis– Hurricanes, floods– Winter storms, droughts
![Page 4: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
4
Two Disaster Classifications
• Natural disasters (Table 29-1)– Hurricanes– Emerging diseases
• Avian influenza
• Man-made disasters (Table 29-2)– Accidental– Deliberate
![Page 5: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
5
Terrorism
• Purpose: – Injure– Kill– Instill fear
![Page 6: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
6
Terrorism
• Targeted sites:– Critical infrastructure systems– Public buildings or assembly areas– Symbolic or historic sites– Controversial facilities or businesses
![Page 7: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
7
Terrorism
• Code of Federal Regulations
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)– Domestic – International
• Emerging threat– Cyber terrorism
![Page 8: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
8
Weapons of Mass Destruction
• Categories of weapons of mass destruction:– Biological– Nuclear– Chemical– Incendiary/explosive
![Page 9: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
9
Weapons of Mass Destruction
• Public health nurses should be: – Aware of guidelines for prophylaxis and
treatment of incidents– Prepared to develop and present information
to EMS, those on the front line, and the public
![Page 10: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
10
Biological Weapons
• Categorized into three groups (Table 29-4)– Bacterial agents– Viral agents– Biological toxins
![Page 11: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
11
Biological Weapons
• Three routes of exposure:1. Inhalation
2. Contact
3. Gastrointestinal
![Page 12: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
12
Smallpox
• Smallpox– Isolation– Quarantine
![Page 13: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
13
Smallpox
• Smallpox Vaccine Guidelines by CDC– Assess for contraindications– Choose site
• Deltoid
– Prepare skin• Do not use alcohol to prep skin
![Page 14: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
14
Smallpox
• Administer vaccine with a bifurcated needle:– Absorb excess vaccine – Cover site until scab forms– Record vaccination– Educate the client
![Page 15: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
15
Nuclear/Radiological Weapons
• Two types:1. Radiological dispersal device
• Dirty bomb
2. Radiation hidden in public place
![Page 16: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
16
Nuclear/Radiological Weapons
• Most effective way to protect the public from exposure: – Time, distance, shielding
• Acute Radiation Syndrome
![Page 17: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
17
Chemical Weapons
• Four categories:1. Nerve agents
2. Vesicant or blistering agents
3. Choking agents
4. Blood agents
![Page 18: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
18
Incendiary/Explosive Devices
• Acts carried out by using:– Small arms– Explosives– Incendiaries
• Hazards are same as from fires:– Smoke inhalation, burns– High temperatures, dangerous fumes
![Page 19: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
19
Effects of Disasters
• Affects individuals, communities, economic and productivity abilities
• Physical health effects– Preimpact, impact, post-impact
• May include bone, muscle, joint injuries, lacerations, rashes, burns, puncture wounds, death
![Page 20: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
20
Effects of Disasters
• Mental health effects:– Depression– Post-traumatic stress disorder– Emotional disorders
![Page 21: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
21
Effects on Responders
• Post-traumatic stress disorder
• Responders should have: – Limited on-duty work hours – Rotate from high to low stress functions– Adequate breaks and plenty of water– Nutritious meals– Debriefing
![Page 22: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
22
Coping with Disasters
• Guidebook of Psychological Intervention, Coping with Disasters
– Four phases:1. Rescue
2. Honeymoon
3. Disillusionment
4. Reconstruction
![Page 23: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
23
Public Health Role
• Community assessment
• Diagnosing and reporting
• Providing preventative measure
• Preventing spread of disease
• Assisting with outbreak investigation
• Discouraging inappropriate responses
![Page 24: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
24
Public Health Role
• Disease surveillance– Public Health Information Network– National Electronic Disease Surveillance
System
• Strategic national stockpile– Technical Advisory Response Unit
![Page 25: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
25
Public Health Role
• Disaster life cycle– Preparedness stage– Response stage– Recovery stage– Mitigation stage– Risk reduction– Prevention stage
![Page 26: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
26
Disaster Response and Management
• National Response Plan
• National Incident Management System– Incident command structure
![Page 27: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
27
Public Health Preparedness
• Eight domains of core competencies:1. Analytic/assessment
2. Policy development/program planning
3. Communication
4. Cultural competency
![Page 28: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
28
Public Health Preparedness
• Eight domains of core competencies:5. Community dimensions of practice
6. Basic public health sciences
7. Financial planning and management
8. Leadership and systems thinking
![Page 29: Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved. Part V Public Health Nursing in the 21 st Century.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062720/56649f125503460f94c264ad/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Copyright © 2008 Delmar. All rights reserved.
29
Public Health Nurse Practice Model
• Framework for developing a disaster plan:– Assessment– Diagnosis– Outcome identification– Planning– Assurance– Evaluation