Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Session 1. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Classical Rhetorical...

Copyright © 2007, Terry HudsonCopyright © 2007, Terry Hudson

Session 1Session 1


Classical Rhetorical Classical Rhetorical AnalysisAnalysis

Aristotle: “Rhetoric is the Aristotle: “Rhetoric is the observance of all available observance of all available means of persuasion.” (means of persuasion.” (The The

RhetoricaRhetorica))


Roman Scholars on Roman Scholars on Rhetorical Analysis:Rhetorical Analysis:

InventionInvention LogosLogos EthosEthos PathosPathos

OrganizationOrganization StyleStyle DeliveryDelivery MemoriaMemoria


Chapter 1Chapter 1

Argument and Persuasion (p. 8)Argument and Persuasion (p. 8) Argument – uses evidence and reason to Argument – uses evidence and reason to

get agreement (conviction)get agreement (conviction) Persuasion – moves others from conviction Persuasion – moves others from conviction

to action (action)to action (action) Or, we “we may want to reserve the term Or, we “we may want to reserve the term

persuasion” for changing opinions through persuasion” for changing opinions through both reason and other techniques both reason and other techniques (conviction and action)(conviction and action)


Purposes of ArgumentPurposes of Argument

InformInform ConvinceConvince ExploreExplore MeditateMeditate PrayPray


OccasionsOccasions

Past – ForensicPast – Forensic Future – DeliberativeFuture – Deliberative Present - Epideictic (Ceremonial)Present - Epideictic (Ceremonial)


STASIS THEORYSTASIS THEORYARGUMENTS OF…ARGUMENTS OF…

Fact - Did something happen?Fact - Did something happen? Definition - What is its nature?Definition - What is its nature? Evaluation - What is its quality?Evaluation - What is its quality? Proposal - What actions should be Proposal - What actions should be

taken?taken?


AppealsAppeals

Pathos – emotionalPathos – emotional Ethos – writer’s authority and Ethos – writer’s authority and

charactercharacter Logos - logicalLogos - logical


Chapter 2 – PathosChapter 2 – Pathos

Emotion to build bridgesEmotion to build bridges Emotion to sustain an argumentEmotion to sustain an argument HumorHumor


Chapter 3 – EthosChapter 3 – Ethos

Authority – intelligenceAuthority – intelligence TrustworthinessTrustworthiness Good willGood will


Chapter 4 – LogosChapter 4 – Logos

Inartistic – hard facts and evidenceInartistic – hard facts and evidence StatisticsStatistics Surveys and PollsSurveys and Polls TestimonyTestimony Examples (Not listed by text)Examples (Not listed by text)


Logos (Cont.)Logos (Cont.)

Artistic – reason and common senseArtistic – reason and common sense Deductive Deductive Syllogism and EnthymemeSyllogism and Enthymeme Toulmin argumentToulmin argument StructuresStructures

Analogies (similies and metaphors)Analogies (similies and metaphors) Precedent Precedent

Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Session 1. Copyright © 2007, Terry Hudson Classical Rhetorical...

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