Copper Media

Kyle, Tyler, James, Ben

Atoms and Electrons

• Electrons-particles with a negative charge the orbit the nucleus

• Protons-particles with a positive charge• Neutrons-neutral particles with no charge• Coulomb’s law-opposite charges attract and like

charges repel• The Bohr Model-Protons have positive charges

and electrons have negative charges. There is more than one proton in the nucleus

Voltage

• Referred to electromotive force (EMF)

• Voltage is represented by the letter V and sometimes for the letter E for electromotive.

• The unit of measurement for voltage is volt (V)

Resistance and Impedance

• Insulators-don’t allow the current to flow or restrict the flow.

• Conductors-offers very little or no resistance of the current flow.

• Semiconductors-can control the flow of the current.• The letter R represents resistance and the unit or

measurement for resistance is the ohm.

Current

• Electrical current (I)- the flow of charges created when electrons move.

• Current is measured in Ampere (A)

• Voltage and amperage equals wattage.

Circuits

• Circuit- closed loops which current flows.

Cable Specifications

Cable Specifications

• Effects the speed of data transmission• Allows the transmission to be digital or

analog• Cable types:

– 10BASE-T – 10BASE5– 10BASE2

• 100BASE-T allows the media to be boosted to the maximum 100 meters

Coaxial Cables

• It can run longer than shielded twisted pair wires.

• Its mainly used for cable television.

STP Cable

• Reduces electronic noise EMI and RFI• Most be grounded at both ends.

UTP Cable

• UTP cables rely on cancellation to reduce signal degradation caused by EMI and RFI

• Cheaper and easier to run than coaxial.

Straight through Cable

• The Straight-through cable is the cable that connects the switch port to the computer NIC port. Exp. Orange to orange, blue to blue, dotted green to dotted green and so on.

Crossover Cable

• A cross over cable connects one switch port to another switch port. Exp. Green switches with orange, dotted green switches with dotted orange, Blue and Brown remain the same.

Rollover Cable

• Rollover Cable is the cable the connects the RJ-45 adapter on the com port of the computer to the router port or switch port. Exp. Orange to dotted brown, dotted blue to blue, and so on.