Computer Language’ s Awareness

Low - Level Languages

High – Level Languages

Types of Computer Language

S.No Platform Developer Year1 C Dennis Ritchie 19722 C++ Bjarne Strousstrup 19803 JAVA James Gosling (Sun

Microsystem)1995

4 PHP Rasmus Ledorf 19955 VB 6.0 Microsoft 19986 C# Microsoft June 26th, 2000

Technology

S.No Platform Developer Year1 .NET Microsoft 13 February 2002

Computer Languages

POP Features OOPS FeatureImportance is given to the sequence of things to be done i.e. algorithm

Importance is given to the data

Larger programs are divided into functions

Larger programs are divided into objects.

Data move freely around the system from function to function

In OOP mostly the data is private and only functions inside the object can access the data.

POP follows a top down approach in problem solving

OOP follows a bottom up approach.

In POP, there is no access specifier There are public, private and protected specifier.

In POP, operator cannot be overloaded in OOP operator can be overloaded.

Difference Between POP & OOPs

C is Procedure Oriented Programming Language (POP).

C++ is Object Oriented Programming Language (OOP).

WE use for Structure programming concept in c. and We use Class programming

concept in C++.

We unable to reuse code of c language, whenever in c++ we can reuse the code

of c++ language.

C is the father of C++.

To save file we use .c in c whenever in c++ we use .cpp.

C++ is more powerful language instance of c.

• C is function-driven. while C++ is object-driven.

C / C++

Source Code Source code, often referred to as simply the "source" of a program,

contains variable declarations, instructions, functions, loops, and other

statements that tell the program how to function.

Byte Code Bytecode is platform-independent, bytecodes compiled by a

compiler running in windows will still run in linux/unix/mac.

Exe Code Machine code is platform-specific, if it is compiled in windows, it

will run ONLY in windows.

C – Language & C++ Language

JAVA & .NET

Source Code Exe Code

Byte Code

Exe CodeSource Code

Execution Process

Platform Dependent Platform Independent

Platform dependent requires the application to be run on specific hardware.

Platform independent will run on many kinds of hardware.

The source code is compiled by the compiler and that compiled code is made according to operating system. If a source code is made compiled code according a operating system then that code will execute only that A operating system, nothing else.eg:- C, C++, FORTRAN, PASCAL

The source code is compiled by the compiler and the compiled code can execute on any operating system.

eg:- Java, .NET

Platform Dependent / Platform Independent

JAVA .NETJava is developed by Sun Microsystems .NET is developed by Microsoft Corporation.

Java is a light weight language and can be run on almost all the OS(it require less hardware)

.NET needs a very heavy framework to be installed which have higher Hardware requirements too compared to Java.

Java you need to confirm it that all the objects are destroyed before application quits.

.Net garbage collector runs at a certain interval and see is there is any memory occupied by any object whose parent is now finished processing (for eg. you closed an application), in this case the garbage collector automatically removes the reference of that object and free up the memory

Java is a language plus a runtime .NET is a runtime framework that supports multiple languages, Visual Basic and C# (the .Net language most similar to Java) among them.

Difference Between Java & .NET Platform

Java is more platform independent, it runs on several operating systems including Windows, Mac and Linux. .NET is primarily for Windows.

The open source project Mono is developing a multi-platform runtime for .NET, so this is less of an issue than it used to be.

Java has no standard tool is available. Although, many third party IDEs are available

.NET a standard development IDE is available that is Microsoft Visual Studio

Java is a programming language designed to be run on many different platforms, and so uses a common language which has to be compiled and run on different platforms (eg. windows, mac and linux).Any OS which is able to install JVM Java can be used to write programs for many different operating systems

.NET, takes on a different approach, by allowing you to program in any language you choose,but has compilers for many different languages that generates a platform specific code (i.e.Microsoft or Windows).

Feature C# C++Override Keyword Declaring override methods requires

the override keyword.does not require

Foreach Loop The foreach keyword allows you to iterate through arrays and collections.

C++ does not have that feature

Include other file The using directive is used to reference types in other namespaces without fully qualifying the type names.

C++ allows header files and other class files to be included using the #include keyword.

Class definition termination

Semicolon not requires Semicolon Requires

Pointers C# support but in unsafe mode. C++ Supports

Multiple Inheritance Supported Not Supported

Objects Creation Using new Keyword Objects Create without using new Keyword

C# / C++

C# JAVAAll methods are non-virtual All methods are by default virtual and you can

override themC# includes delegates Java does not

C# has the feature of Operator Overloading

Java does not include operator overloading

C# has the ability to alias namespaces Java does not

in C#, We are not restricted only to void we can also have int.

In Java the return type of main() is void

Pointers are allowed in C# but only in unsafe mode.

In Java pointers does not exist

C# has support for output parameters, adding in the return of multiple values

Java does not

C# / JAVA

Feature C# VBCase Adjust No Auto Case adjust Auto Case Adjust

{ } Requires No line Terminators

Programming Rules Enforces Require Begin and End

Variable declaration Dim x as string string x ;

Pointer Pointer Supported Pointer Not Supported

C# / VB

VB6 VB.NETNot OOPs Based VB .NET is Object-Oriented now.

VB6 was not a type-safe language VB.NET is a type safe language

VB6 used ‘On Error Goto’ syntax to handle exceptions at runtime

VB.NET uses the Try…Catch…Finally syntax to handle exceptions at runtime.

VB6 does not allow developing the multithreaded applications

VB.NET you can create multithreaded applications.;

VB6 was only considered good for desktop windows application

VB.NET you can also develop web applications, distributed applications, create .NET windows and web controls and components, write windows and web services.

VB6.0 / VB.NET

Reflection not supported in VB6 In VB.NET, you can also use reflections to read the meta-data of types and using reflection emit you can also generate code to define and invoke types at runtime.

VB6 used ASP to build web applications VB.NET uses ASP.NET to build web applications.

VB6 used ADODB and record-sets to implement data access applications

VB.NET uses ADO.NET and datasets to build data access applications. The ADO.NET also supports the disconnected data access.

ASP ASP.NETASP does not have such facility to separate programming logic from design.

ASP.Net web forms have a code behind file which contains all event handling code.

ASP does not have the concept of inheritance

ASP.Net web forms inherit the class written in code behind.

ASP pages use scripting language. ASP.Net web forms use full fledged programming language

ASP applications are not. ASP.Net web applications are configurable (web.config)

ASP.Net webforms can use custom controls through the @ register directive

It is not available with ASP.

ASP.Net web forms have ADO.Net which supports XML integration and integration of data from two or more data sources

while ASP has ADO which is a simple COM object with limited facilities.

ASP / ASP.NET

Control Full Forms

RDO Remote Data Objects

DAO Direct Access Objects

ADO ActiveX Data Objects

OLE DB Object Linking and Embedding, Database

ODBC Open Database Connectivity

JDBC Java Database Connectivity

Data Access Methods

• DAO (Data Access Objects) was the first object-oriented interface that exposed the Microsoft Jet database engine (used by Microsoft Access) and allowed Visual Basic developers to directly connect to Access tables - as well as other databases - through ODBC. DAO is suited best for either single-system applications or for small, local deployments.

DAO - Data Access Objects (1-tier)

RDO (Remote Data Objects) is an object-oriented data access interface to ODBC combined with the easy-to-use style of DAO, providing an interface that exposes virtually all of ODBC’s low-level power and flexibility. RDO is limited, though, in that it doesn't access Jet or ISAM databases very well, and that it can access relational databases only through existing ODBC drivers. However, RDO has proven to be the interface of choice for a large number of SQL Server, Oracle, and other large relational database developers. RDO provides the objects, properties, and methods needed to access the more complex aspects of stored procedures and complex resultsets.

RDO - Remote Data Objects (2-tier)

• Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a common framework for accessing and altering the contents of databases. It allows developers to use the same coding conventions regardless of the actual database platform implemented on the backend. When a new database type is installed, administrators merely need to install an ODBC driver that supports that platform and existing ODBC software should function normally.

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC)

OLE DB is Microsoft's successor to ODBC that utilizes a set of COM interfaces for accessing and manipulating of data. OLE DB interfaces provide applications with uniform access to data stored in diverse information sources, or data stores. These interfaces support the amount of database management system (DBMS) functionality appropriate to the data store, enabling it to share its data.

OLE DB data provider

• Java DataBase Connectivity, commonly referred to as JDBC, is an API for the Java programming language that defines how a client may access a database. It provides methods for querying and updating data in a database. JDBC is oriented towards relational databases. A JDBC-to-ODBC bridge enables connections to any ODBC-accessible data source in the JVM host environment.

JDBC

Allow VB/Other Web Tools (Browsers) to interface with different kinds of data sources. ADO is a more recent Microsoft Data Access technology designed to replace DAO and RDO. ADO is designed to be simpler to use and more powerful than DAO/RDO. Serves an interface to Microsoft's new OLE-DB technology (thinner than ODBC). Can be used to access all sorts of "non traditional data" (e.g., web pages/documents, etc.).ADO is automatically installed with Microsoft IIS

ADO - ActiveX Data Objects (1 to n-tier)

• ADO.NET (ActiveX Data Object for .NET) is a set of computer software components that programmers can use to access data and data services. It is a part of the base class library that is included with the Microsoft .NET Framework. It is commonly used by programmers to access and modify data stored in relational database systems, though it can also access data in non-relational sources. ADO.NET is sometimes considered an evolution of ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) technology, but was changed so extensively that it can be considered an entirely new product..

ADO .NET

ADO ADO.NET

ADO works with connected data. This means that when you access data, such as viewing and updating data, it is real-time, with a connection being used all the time.

ADO.NET uses data in a disconnected fashion. When you access data, ADO.NET makes a copy of the data using XML. ADO.NET only holds the connection open long enough to either pull down the data or to make any requested updates. This makes ADO.NET efficient to use for Web applications. It's also decent for desktop applications.

Difference Between ADO and ADO.NET

The .NET Framework

Base Class Library

Common Language Specification

Common Language Runtime

ADO.NET: Data and XML

VB C++ C#V

isual S

tud

io.N

ETASP.NET: Web Services

and Web Forms

JScript …

WindowsForms

WindowsForms

Version Version Number

Release Date Visual Studio

1.0 1.0.3705.0 2002-02-13 Visual Studio .NET

1.1 1.1.4322.573 2003-04-24 Visual Studio .NET 2003

2.0 2.0.50727.42 2005-11-07 Visual Studio 2005

3.0 3.0.4506.30 2006-11-06

3.5 3.5.21022.8 2007-11-19 Visual Studio 2008

4.0 4.0.30319.1 2010-04-12 Visual Studio 2010

4.5 4.5.408052011-09-13 (Developer Preview)

Visual Studio '11'

Visual Studio Versions Description

Console ApplicationWindows ApplicationWeb ApplicationMobile Application

Types Of Application in .NET

Console Application

Windows Application

Web Application

Mobile Application

CLR: Execution ModelVBSource

codeCompiler

C++C#

CompilerCompiler

AssemblyIL Code

AssemblyIL Code

AssemblyIL Code

Operating System Services

Common Language Runtime

JIT Compiler

Native Code

Managedcode

UnmanagedComponent

Databases

DataBase

First Release Stable Release Developer

MS Access

1.0 /  13 November 1992;

2010 (14.0) / April 28, 2010;

Microsoft

Oracle 1977 2007: Oracle Database 11g

Oracle Corporation

SQL Server

1.0 / 1989 SQL Server 2011 October 11

Microsoft

My SQL May 23, 1995 5.5.17  (October 21, 2011

MySQL  (A subsidiary of Oracle)

DB2 1983 DB2 Latest Version is 9.5 On October 31, 2007

IBM

DatabasesA database is any organized collection of data.