COPA
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Transcript of COPA
Profitability Analysis
Profitability Analysis: Configuration Guide
ContentProfitability Analysis : Configuration Guide.....................................................................................4
1 Installation............................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Structures...................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.1 Import Operating Concern from Source Client 000 (if necessary).........................4
1.1.2 Check and Activate Source Operating Concern....................................................5
1.1.3 Copy Operating Concern from delivery client........................................................6
1.1.4 Set Operating Concern.........................................................................................7
1.1.5 Maintain Characteristics........................................................................................8
1.1.6 Generate Target Operating Concern.....................................................................9
1.1.7 Assign controlling area to operating concern......................................................11
1.2 Master Data................................................................................................................. 12
1.2.1 Maintain Characteristic Values............................................................................12
1.2.2 Define Characteristic Derivation..........................................................................14
1.2.3 Maintain Planning Versions for Valuation............................................................17
1.2.4 Valuation.............................................................................................................18
1.2.4.1 Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets......................................................18
1.2.4.1.1 Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets......................................18
1.2.4.2 Valuation Strategies...................................................................................19
1.2.4.2.1 Define and Assign Valuation Strategy................................................19
1.3 Planning....................................................................................................................... 20
1.3.1 Initial steps..........................................................................................................21
1.3.1.1 Assign Value Fields....................................................................................21
1.3.2 Manual Entry of Planning Data............................................................................21
1.3.2.1 Define Planning Layout..............................................................................21
1.3.3 Forecast..............................................................................................................23
1.3.3.1 Maintain Forecast Profile............................................................................24
1.3.3.2 Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes..............................................................24
1.3.4 Integration Plan-Allocations CCA to CO-PA........................................................26
1.3.4.1 Plan Settlement: Receiving Version in CO-PA...........................................26
1.3.4.2 Create Plan Assessment............................................................................26
1.4 Planning Framework....................................................................................................27
1.4.1 Define Planning Levels.......................................................................................28
1.4.2 Define Planning Packages..................................................................................30
1.4.3 Define Planning Methods (Parameter Set)..........................................................32
1.5 Flows of Actual Values................................................................................................34
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1.5.1 Transfer of Billing Documents.............................................................................34
1.5.1.1 Assign Value Fields....................................................................................34
1.5.1.2 Assign Quantity Fields................................................................................35
1.5.2 Transfer of Overhead..........................................................................................35
1.5.2.1 Create Actual Assessments CCA to CO-PA...............................................35
1.5.2.2 Settlement of Production Variances...........................................................36
1.5.2.2.1 Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement.......................361.5.2.2.2 Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile............................37
1.6 Information System......................................................................................................38
1.6.1 Report Components............................................................................................38
1.6.1.1 Define Key Figure Schemes.......................................................................38
1.6.1.2 Define Variables for Reports.......................................................................40
1.6.1.3 Define Forms for Profitability Reports.........................................................40
1.7 Manually Create Profitability Report............................................................................42
1.8 Activate Profitability Analysis.......................................................................................43
1.9 Troubleshooting in CO-PA...........................................................................................44
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Profitability Analysis : Configuration Guide
1 Installation
1.1 Structures
1.1.1 Import Operating Concern from Source Client 000 (if necessary)
Use
The Operating Concern “DC00” is based on the the delivery Operating Concern S001. The first step is to copy operating concern “S001” to “DC00” using transaction “Copy Operating Concern including Customizing” (KECP).
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KECP
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Sample Operating Concerns -> Copy Operating Concern including Customizing
2. On Import Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
SAP Template
Sample Operating Concern
R S001 (EXAMPLE OPERATING CONCERN 1)
Source Client R 000
Copy to
Target Client R YOUR CLIENT
Test Mode No Flag
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Overwrite Settings
No Flag
3. Copy (F8)
1.1.2 Check and Activate Source Operating Concern
UseCheck and activate in customizing, whether the operation concern S001 has been generated. If not, generate operating concern S001.
Prerequisite The operating concern S001 must have been transferred from client 000 to the current client.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KEA0
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Maintain Operating Concern
2. On Maintain Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Operating Concern
R S001 (EXAMPLE OPERATING CONCERN 1)
ENTER
3. There is yellow light in the field Status. Click the icon “Display <-> Change” and accept the caution information.
4. Click the button “Activate Data Structure” and go into Activate Data Source: Characteristic Screen. Choose icon “Activate”.
5. Click the icon “back” and accept the information “Do you wish to generate the operating concern environment?”
6. Check the light of Status. Now it turns to green.
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1.1.3 Copy Operating Concern from delivery client
Use
Prerequisite The sample operating concern S001 must have been generated.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KECP
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Sample Operating Concerns -> Copy Operating Concern including Customizing
2. On Copy Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Copy from
Source Operating Concern
R S001 (EXAMPLE OPERATING CONCERN 1)
Source Client R YOUR CLIENT
Copy to
Target Operating Concern
R DC00
Target Client R YOUR CLIENT
Data Structures Flag O
Generate Environment
Flag O
Customizing Flag O
Test Mode No Flag O
3. Copy (F8) and accept the warning information.
1.1.4 Set Operating Concern
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The Operating Concern "DC00" has to be set before defining the structures.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KEA0
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Maintain Operating Concern
2. Maintain the Data Structure of the Operating Concern as:
Description: BP Operating Concern
3.Maintain the attributes of the Operating Concern as:
Fiscal year: K4 (Calendar year with 4 special periods)
Local currency: CNY
4.There is yellow light in the field Status. Click the icon “Display <-> Change” and accept the caution information.
5. Click the button “Activate Data Structure” and go into Activate Data Source: Characteristic Screen. Choose icon “Activate”.
6.Click the icon “back” and accept the information “Do you wish to generate the operating concern environment?”
7. Check the light of Status. Now it turns to green.
8. Back to IMG
9. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KEBD
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Set Operating Concern
10.On Set Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
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Operating Concern
R DC00
Type of Profit. Analysis
costing-based
11.Enter
1.1.5 Maintain Characteristics
Use
The characteristics of the Operating Concern represent objects or market segments that can be used as a basis for performing evaluations.
The characteristics also represent reference objects for allocating costs in Profitability Analysis. This enables source-related cost allocation at the level responsible, according to direct costs and contribution margin accounting.
The table below displays the name and meaning of the characteristic, as well as how it is used in a different application and in each company code.
NoteAdditionally to the below mentioned characteristics there are fixed characteristics existing in every Operating Concern. They are used to transfer organizational structures to the profitability analysis (e.g. company code, controlling area, plant, sales organization)
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KEA5
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Maintain Operating Concern ->Characteristics
2. On Edit Characteristic: Start – Create Characteristic screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Chars from Operating Concern
R DC00
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Click Button “Chang”
3. On Change Characteristic Overview screen, choose icon “create”. On Pop up window Create Chr: Assignment enter the necessary data.
Choose user-defined fields, enter the necessary data:
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Char. Key of the characteristic
R e.g. WWPG1
With own value maintenance
R Flag
“Create” Icon
On Edit Characteristic screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Description R e.g.Product Hierarchy 1
Short text R e.g. Prod.Hier1
Heading R e.g. Product Hierarchy 1
Data type/length
R e.g. NUMC / 5
5. Save and activate using the icons
The following Characteristics should be created:
Charact. Description Short Text Dtype Lngth Origin Table Origin Field
WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1 Prod.Hier1 NUMC 5
WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2 Prod.Hier2 NUMC 10
1.1.6 Generate Target Operating Concern
Use
The Operating Concern "DC00" is defined by means of attributes and data structures.
The controlling area DC00 is assigned to the Operating Concern DC00. The characteristics and value fields represent data structures or master data for the Operating Concern.
If the operating concern DC00 has the green lights in “Environ.” screen, then ignore this step.
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Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KEA0
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Maintain Operating Concern
2. On Maintain Operating Concern – Data Structures screen, check the following data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Use Icon “Display <-> Change”
Description BP Operating Concern
Use Button “Change Data Structure”
3. On Chars tab, transfer the following fields from right to left:
Characteristic Description
WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1
WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2
If the fields are already in the left side, please skip this step.
Go to Value Fields tab, transfer the following fields from right to left:
Value Fields Description
KWMKDP Marketing division
KWFOEN Research & Developmt
KWABLG Lot size variances
KWABMG Quantity variances
KWABPR Price variances
KWABSG Other variances
KWABST Resource-usage var.
If the fields are already in the left side, please skip this step.
Press Icon “Activate”, Green arrow back and accept the information to generate the operating concern.
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4. On Maintain Operating Concern – Attribute screen, check the following data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Use Icon “Display <-> Change”
Operating concern currency
Choice of Currency
R CNY
Fiscal year variant
Calendar year, 4 spec. periods
R K4
5. On Maintain Operating Concern – Environment screen, check the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Use Icon Cross Client Part “Status” to generate
R Make sure the light is green
Use Icon Client-specific Part “Status” to generate
R Make sure the light is green
1.1.7 Assign controlling area to operating concern
Use
In this activity, you allocate the controlling areas that you want to be able to analyze together in Profitability Analysis to an operating concern.
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEKK
IMG Menu Enterprise Structure Assignment Controlling Assign controlling area to operating concern
2. Make the following entries:
COAr OpCo
BP01 DC00
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Result Operating Concern (DC00) is assigned to the controlling area (BP01)
1.2 Master Data
UseIn this step you make all the basic settings that determine the basic structure and contents of Profitability Analysis in your system.
In short, you need to define the following:
How the relevant segments of your organization are to be created (so-called "profitabilty segments"). You can do this using the characteristic derivation function.
What values should be determined automatically by means of valuation. You can do this using the valuation functions.
1.2.1 Maintain Characteristic Values
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KES1
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Master Data -> Characteristic Values -> Maintain Characteristic Values
2. On Change Characteristic Values screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Select the characteristic which needs to be maintained
Icon “New entries”
Characteristics in Chinese (Log on using ZH as language)
1 WWPG1 产品层次 01
2 WWPG2 产品层次 02
产品层次 01 (WWPG1)
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00001 自产食品00002 外买食品
产品层次 02 (WWPG2)
0000100001 糕点面包
0000100002 速冻蔬菜
0000100003 加工食品0000200001 易腐食品
0000200002 不易腐食品
0000200003 饮料
Characteristics in English (Log on using EN as language)
1 WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1
2 WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2
Product Hierarchy 1 (WWPG1)
00001 Food Product00002 Food Trading
Product Hierarchy 2 (WWPG2)
0000100001 Pastries, Bread
0000100002 Frozen vegetables
0000100003 Prepared food
0000200001 Perishable Food
0000200002 Non-perishable Food
0000200003 Beverages
3. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code V/76
Menu IMG: Logistics – General -> Material Master -> Settings for Key Fields -> Data Relevant to Sales and Distribution -> Define Product Hierarchies -> Maintain: Product hierarchy
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4. On Change View “Materials: Product Hierarchies”: Overview screen, Select icon “New entries”. Maintain the following new data:
For ZH Version:
00001 自产食品00002 外买食品
And then:
0000100001 糕点面包
0000100002 速冻蔬菜
0000100003 加工食品0000200001 易腐食品
0000200002 不易腐食品
0000200003 饮料
For EN Version:
00001 Food Product00002 Food Trading
And then:
0000100001 Pastries, Bread
0000100002 Frozen vegetables
0000100003 Prepared food
0000200001 Perishable Food
0000200002 Non-perishable Food
0000200003 Beverages
1.2.2 Define Characteristic Derivation
Use In this step, you set up the derivation of characteristic values. Derivation lets you find values for certain characteristics automatically based on the known values of other characteristics, where these characteristics are logically dependent on one another.
When an operating concern is generated, the system produces a standard derivation strategy containing all known dependencies between characteristics. You can display these by choosing "View -> Display all steps".
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If you use the derivation step type "Derivation rule", some additional entry options are available:
1. Under "Maintain rule values", you enter which values in the target fields should be placed in which characteristic values of the source fields.
2.3. Under "Characteristics", you can make additional entries which, for example, make it possible
to enter a validity date for the step
In characteristic derivation the way characteristic values are located is settled. This is done for Sales and area managers, as well as the product hierarchy.
Product hierarchy
The single levels of the product hierarchy are determined from the source field material number and the corresponding field for product hierarchy in the material master. Technically it is done by a table lookup.
Prerequisites All characteristics values have been entered and operating concern has been generated successfully.
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEDR
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Define Characteristic Derivation
2. On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Display Strategy’ enter the necessary data:
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Icon display/change
R Enter change
Icon create step R Choose ‘Table lookup’ in pop up window -> enter
Enter table name R MARA
Enter rule description
R Product Hierarchy 2 from Product number从物料号查询产品层次 2
3. For Product Hierarchy 2: On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Change Table Lookup – View Definition (Assignment of table fields to target fields)’ enter the necessary data:
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
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Origin R MARA
Field name R PRDHA
Icon “Characteristic derivation: Change Field Attributes”
entire field content
No flag
part of field content
Set flag X
from character position (begin at 0)
Number of characters field length
10
Name R Product hierarchy
origin R CO-PA
Field name R WWPG2
4. Save
5. For Product Hierarchy 1: On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Change Table Lookup – View Definition (Assignment of table fields to target fields)’ enter the necessary data:
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Enter rule description
R Product Hierarchy 1 from Product number
从物料号查询产品层次 1
Origin R MARA
Field name R PRDHA
Icon “Characteristic derivation: Change Field Attributes”
entire field content
No flag
part of field content
Set flag X
from character position (begin at 0)
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Number of characters field length
5
Name R Product hierarchy
origin R CO-PA
Field name R WWPG1
6. Save
Result Characteristic derivation are created
1.2.3 Maintain Planning Versions for Valuation
Use
You can use versions to create independent data groupings in planning and in actual.
Procedure 4. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code OKEQ
IMG Menu Controlling General Controlling Organization Maintain Versions
5. Make the following entries:
6. General Version Definition
Version Name Record Planning data
Exclusive use
YB1 Plan version:Consumer Products
X 0
Settings in Operating Concern, select ‘Yes’ at the information and enter the following data:
Version Operating Concern
Name Exchange Rate Type
Derivation Date
Currency Type
YB1 DC00 Plan version:Consumer Products
M 2004.01.01
B0
0 DC00 Plan/actual version
M 2004.01.01 B0
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Controlling Area Settings, select ‘Yes’ at the information and enter the following data:
Controlling Area
Version Version Description
Record Planning Data
Valuation View
BP01 3 Plan version: revision 3
X 0
BP01 YB1 Plan version: Consumer Products
X 0
Setting by fiscal year
Controlling Area
Version Year Copying Allowed
Exchange Rate Type
Value Date
Integrated Planning
Version for indirect act. alloc.
DC00 YB1 2003 X M 2004.01.01
X 0
Save.
1.2.4 Valuation
1.2.4.1 Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets
1.2.4.1.1 Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets
Use
In this step you define condition types to use in Profitability Analysis (CO-PA) and CO-PA-specific costing sheets.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code 8KEV
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Valuation Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets
2. On screen ‘Pricing – Maintain Condition Types – Condition types´ enter the necessary data:
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Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Icon “Create” R Double click
Condition type
YB1S
Description BP price controlBP 价格条件类型
Access sequence
no external value
Price X set Flag
M Master acc to price control
X set Flag
3. Save
4. On screen ‘Pricing – Maintain Condition Types – Pricing procedure´ enter the necessary data:
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Icon “Create” R Double click
Pricing Procedure
R YB1000
BP acc. Price Cont
Step R 10
Cntr O 00
CTyp R YB1S
From O 00
To O 00
Rqm O 00
Description O BP price control
BP 价格条件类型
5. Save
1.2.4.2 Valuation Strategies
1.2.4.2.1 Define and Assign Valuation Strategy
Use In this step, you can define your valuation strategies and assign them to a point of valuation.
The quantities transfered from the invoice are valuated with the costs calculated in the product cost estimate. If a valuation strategy calls for valuation using material costing, the system uses
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the point of valuation to control which cost estimate is read and how the cost components are assigned to value fields in CO-PA.
The Valuation is executed on 4 points in the value flow.
1. Realtime valuation of actual data
2. Manual planning
3. Automatic planning
The valuation strategy YB1 " BP Val.stand.cost estimate" enables the valuation by product cost estimate. This is done for real valuation of actual data from billing, with reference to the value field "ABSMG Sales Volume".
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE4U
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Valuation Valuation Strategies Define and Assign Valuation Strategy
1. Make the following entries:
Valuation Strategy
Val Name
YB1
BP Val.stand.cost estimate
BP 物料成本评估
YB2
BP Val. Revenue Plan
BP 计划利润
Details
OpCo Val Sq Ap CostinField name
Material Costing
DC00 YB1 10 ABSMG X
DC00 YB1 20 KE YB1000 ABSMG
DC00 YB2 10 V YB0010 ABSMG
Assignment of Valuation Strategy
OpCo PV R Ver Val Strat.
DC00 01 F YB1
DC00 03 F YB1 YB1
DC00 04 F YB1 YB2
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1.3 Planning
1.3.1 Initial steps
1.3.1.1 Assign Value Fields
Use
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE4M
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Initial Steps Assign Quantity Fields
2. Make the following entries:
OpCo Ap CTyp Field name
FKIMG Billed quantity ABSMG Sales quantity
1.3.2 Manual Entry of Planning Data
1.3.2.1 Define Planning Layout
Use
Sales planning in CO-PA is done on two levels.
Level 10: Strategic planning comprises a very high level where the sales quantity by product category is planned on a long term basis.
Level 20: Overview Planning is target setting on Overview level. This level is planned at the product hierarchy level 1.
For each planning level a form on Report Painter Basis has to be built.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Manual Entry of Planning Data ->Define Planning Layout
Transaction code KE14
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2. On Report Painter: Create Planning Layouts for Sales & Profit Planning screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Planning Layout
R YB000
Description R Plan Sales per Category
BP 计划销售-按种类3. Enter
4. Build up the two layouts according with the Report Painter
Two planning layouts need to be created. The layouts are defined for sales organization DC00, but could be enlarged easily for more sales organizations:
Planning Layout Description
YB000 BP PLD SALES PER CAT
BP 计划销售-按种类
YB100 BP PLD SALES PER ORI
BP 计划销售-按来源
Planning Layout YB000 has the following layout.
SALES PLAN CATEGORY
Sales quantity
Revenue
. Grand Total. Total Prod. Goods . Pastries, Bread Frozen vegetables Prepared food . Total Trading . Perishable Food Non-perishable FoodBeverages
按种类计划销售 销售数量 收入
.
总计
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.
自产食品总计
.
糕点面包
速冻蔬菜
加工食品
.
外买食品总计
.
易腐食品
不易腐食品
饮料
Note! White fields are Entry fields only. Blue fields are calculated through Valuation.
Planning Layout YB100 has the following layout:
SALES PLAN CATEGORY
Sales quantity
Revenue
. Food Product. Food Trading. Grand Total
按来源计划销售 销售数量 收入
.
自产食品
.
外买食品
.
总计
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1.3.3 Forecast
1.3.3.1 Maintain Forecast Profile
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE1T
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Planning Aids Forecast Profile Maintain Forecast Profiles
2. Make the following entries:
Forecast prof. YB01
Description BP Forecast Profile
BP 预测参数文件
Forecast strat. 13
Alpha factor 0,00
Beta factor 0,00
Gamma factor 0,00
Hist. periods 3
Periods/season 0
Weighting group
1.3.3.2 Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes
Use Ratios let you simulate price and quantity changes in planning. A ratio is the quotient between two value fields, such as sales revenue divided by quantity.
The calculation type is only relevant for single ratios in manual planning, not for ratio schemes!
Which calculations are carried out (such as price = revenue/quantity, revenue = quantity * price or quantity = revenue/price) when you change one or more of these fields manually depends on a number of factors:
which of the fields are in the layout and can be entered manually
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which fields were changed
which calculation type was chosen when you defined the ratio
If you change one of the three fields and the other two either can be entered or cannot be entered or are not even in the layout the system cannot decide which of the two fields should be calculated. +n this case the calculation type determines which field should be calculated:
Value changed manually Value recalculated
Calculation type 1:Revenue PriceQuantity Revenue
Price Revenue Calculation type 2:Revenue QuantityQuantity RevenuePrice Revenue
If you change one of the fields and only one of the other two fields can be entered manually, the system assumes that it should calculate the field that cannot be entered manually, regardless of which calculation type was chosen.
Procedure 7. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE1I
IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Planning Aids Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes
8. Make the following entries:
Ratio Description Short text Numerator Demoninator Calc type
YB1 Sales Price / Quant.
销售 / 数量
Price/Quan ERLOS ABSMG 2
Ratio Scheme Text
YB10 Sales Price per Quantity Category level
BP 销售 / 数量-按种类
No. Ratio Description
1 YB1 Sales Price / Quant.
销售 / 数量
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Access Level Name
WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2
1.3.4 Integration Plan-Allocations CCA to CO-PA
1.3.4.1 Plan Settlement: Receiving Version in CO-PA
Procedure 9. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEPV
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Integrated Planning -> Transfer Cost Center Planning/Process Planning -> Initial Steps -> Assign Receiver Plan Version
10. Make the following entries:
0 2002 YB1
YB1 Plan version: change 1 2002
0 2003 YB1
0 2004 YB1
0 2005 YB1
0 2006 YB1
0 2007 YB1
1.3.4.2 Create Plan Assessment
UsePlanned data are transferred through cycles from cost center accounting.
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Procedure To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEU1
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Integrated Planning -> Transfer Cost Center Planning/Process Planning -> Assess Cost Center Costs / Process Costs -> Define Structure of Cost Center Assessment/Process Cost Assessment
Make the following entries:
Header:
Operating concer DC00 BP Operating Concern
Status saved
Cycle YB01
Starting date 01.01.2003 To 31.12.9999
Text BP Plan Assessm. CO-PA
CO area BP01
TF basis 1 Costing-based Profitability
Sender version 0
Receiver vers. YB1 Plan version: Consumer Products
Segments:
Name Text Sender rule Rec. ruleSender percentage Ass. CE Value Field
BP01-01BP Management 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200080 VWGK
BP01-02 BP Sales 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200100 VTRGK
BP01-03 BP Marketing 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200090 KWMKDP
BP01-04 BP R & D 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200110 KWFOEN
1.4 Planning FrameworkIn this step, you set up the initial planning screen and thereby specify the architecture to be used in planning.
The initial planning screen consists of the following elements:
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- Planning level
- Planning package
- Planning method
- Parameter set
1.4.1 Define Planning Levels
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEPM
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework
Planning Framework - Overview: Edit -> Planning Levels -> Create
2. On Planning Levels: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R 10
Description R STRATEGIC PLANNING
BP 计划销售-按种类
3. Enter
4. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen, Charact. Tab select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year
Product Hierarchy 2
Record type
Sales org.
Unit Sales qty
Version
5. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen, Selection Tab enter the necessary data.
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Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year O
Product Hierarchy 2
O
Record type O F
Sales org. O
Unit Sales qty O
Version O YB1
6. Save
7. On Planning Framework - Overview screen: Edit -> Planning Levels -> Create
On Planning Levels: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R 20
Description R OVERALL PLANNING
BP 计划销售-按来源
8. Enter
9. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen Charact. Tab, select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year
Product Hierarchy 1
Record type
Sales org.
Unit Sales qty
Version
10. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen Selection Tab, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year O
Product O
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Hierarchy 1
Record type O F
Sales org. O
Unit Sales qty O
Version O YB1
11. Save
1.4.2 Define Planning Packages
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework
Select Planning Level 10 -> Right Mouse Button: Create Planning Package
Transaction code KEPM
2. On Planning Package: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R YB12003
Description R PLAN CATEGORIES 2003
BP 计划销售-按种类 2003
3. Enter
4. On Planning Package: Create – View Characteristics screen, select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year 2003.001 – 3003.012
Product Hierarchy 2
0000100001 - 0000200002
Record type F
Sales org. Your Sales Org.
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Unit Sales qty PC
Version YB1
5. Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.
6. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework
Select Planning Level 20 -> Right Mouse Button: Create Planning Package
Transaction code KEPM
7. On Planning Package: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R YB22003
Description R PLAN OVERALL 2003
BP 计划销售-按种类 2003
8. Enter
9. On Planning Package: Create – View Characteristics screen, select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Period/year O 2003.001 – 3003.012
Product Hierarchy 3
O 00001 - 00002
Record type O F
Sales org. O Your Sales Org.
Unit Sales qty O PC
Version O YB1
10. Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.
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1.4.3 Define Planning Methods (Parameter Set)
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework
Select Planning Level 10 -> Doubleclick Planning Package “YB12003” -> Select “Enter Planning Data” -> Right Mouse Button -> Create Parameter Set
Transaction code KEPM
2. On Planning Package: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R YB12003
Description R ENTER PLANNING DATA FOR CAT
3. Enter
4. On Parameter Set – View Settings screen, select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Layout R YB000
Currency R CNY
Distrib. profile for top down
O
Automat. Valuation
No Flag O
Zero suppression
No Flag O
Distribution key currency
R 2
Distribution key quantities
R 2
Access O
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Active No Flag O
Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.
5. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework
Select Planning Level 20 -> Doubleclick Planning Package “YB22003” -> Select “Enter Planning Data” -> Right Mouse Button -> Create Parameter Set
Transaction code KEPM
6. On Planning Package: Create screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Key R YB22003
Description R ENTER PLANNING DATA FOR BRANDS
7. Enter
8. On Parameter Set – View Settings screen, select the following parameters.
Field name
Description R./O./D.
User action and values
Comment
Layout R YB100
Currency R CNY
Distrib. profile for top down
O
Automat. Valuation
No Flag O
Zero suppression
No Flag O
Distribution key currency
R 2
Distribution key quantities
R 2
Access O
Active No Flag O
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Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.
1.5 Flows of Actual Values
1.5.1 Transfer of Billing Documents
1.5.1.1 Assign Value Fields
Procedure 11. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE4I
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Transfer of Billing Documents -> Assign Value Fields
12. Make the following entries:
CTyp Name Val. fld Description
HD00 Freight AUSFR Outgoing freightMWST Output Tax ERLOS RevenuePI01 Inter-company Price ERLOS RevenuePI02 Inter-company % ERLOS RevenuePR00 Price ERLOS RevenueVA00 Variant Price ERLOS RevenueVA01 Variant Price ERLOS RevenueYB00 BP Complain Handling ERLOS RevenueRC00 Quantity Discount MRABA Quantity discountSKTO Cash Discount PRABA Price reductionBO03 Customer Rebate RABAT Other discountsHA00 Percentage Discount RABAT Other discountsHB00 Discount (Value) RABAT Other discountsK004 Material RABAT Other discountsK005 Customer/Material RABAT Other discountsK007 Customer Discount RABAT Other discountsK031 Price Grp/Mat.Pr.Grp RABAT Other discountsR100 100% discount RABAT Other discountsRB00 Discount (Value) RABAT Other discountsVPRS Cost VRPRS Stock value
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1.5.1.2 Assign Quantity Fields
Procedure 13. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE4M
14. Make the following entries:
Operating Concern
Field name Name Field name Name
DC00FKIMG Billed Quantity ABSMG
Sales Quantity
1.5.2 Transfer of Overhead
1.5.2.1 Create Actual Assessments CCA to CO-PA
Procedure 15. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEU1
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis ->
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16. Make the following entries:
Header:
Operating concer DC00 BP Operating Concern
Status saved
Cycle YB02
Starting date 01.01.2003 To 31.12.9999
Text BP Actual Assessm. CO-PA
CO area BP01
TF basis 1 Costing-based Profitability
Segments:
Name Text Sender rule Rec. ruleSender percentage Ass. CE Value Field
BP02-01BP Management 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200080 VWGK
BP02-02 BP Sales 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200100 VTRGK
BP02-03 BP Marketing 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200090 KWMKDP
BP02-04 BP R & D 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200110 KWFOEN
1.5.2.2 Settlement of Production Variances
1.5.2.2.1 Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEI1
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Settlement of Production Variances -> Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement
2. Make the following entries:
PA La Text
Y2 EN BP Production Variances
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PA PAA La Text
Y2 10 EN BP Price variances
Y2 20 EN BP Quantity variances
Y2 30 EN BP Resource-usage variances
Y2 40 EN BP Lot-size variances
Y2 50 EN BP Remaining variances
PA PAA COAr Group name VCat
Y2 10 DC00 ACC_CAZH 1
Y2 20 DC00 ACC_CAZH 4
Y2 30 DC00 ACC_CAZH 6
Y2 40 DC00 ACC_CAZH 22
Y2 50 DC00 ACC_CAZH 11
PA PAA OpCo Q F Val. fld
Y2 10 DC00 1 3 KWABPR
Y2 20 DC00 1 3 KWABMG
Y2 30 DC00 1 3 KWABST
Y2 40 DC00 1 3 KWABLG
Y2 50 DC00 1 3 KWABSG
1.5.2.2.2 Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code OKO7
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Settlement of Production Variances -> Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile
2. Make the following entries:
Nr. SProf. PA
1 YB01 Y2
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1.6 Information System
1.6.1 Report Components
1.6.1.1 Define Key Figure Schemes
Use
A key figure scheme is a collection of formulas used to define key figures. The individual formulas are called "elements" and can be based on single database fields as well as other elements in the same key figure scheme. All database fields are defined in each scheme and are numbered 9001 through 9999. The elements that you define can be assigned numbers from 1 through 8999.
In a formula, you can use the usual arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /) and parentheses. You can also define a formula using a function call. In addition to defining the contents of an element (formula and text), you can connect certain display parameters. For example, an element can have a specific display factor and decimal format.
In theory, you can define the necessary formulas in one key figure scheme. However, it makes more sense to define different schemes for different analysis purposes. Also, each key figure scheme should have a unified purpose. For example, you can create a key figure scheme that contains all your contribution margins.
The following example shows how you might set up different key figure schemes:
Sales managers are interested in a key figure scheme based on the figures "Sales" and "Contribution margin" that contains key figures which can be calculated on that basis, such as contribution margin / sales.
Production managers are more interested in differentiating between different types of costs (variable production costs, setup costs, etc.). The resulting ratios (key figures) are more production oriented, such as setup costs / total cost.
For each group you should define separate key figure schemes. In the solution provided by SMB Consumer Products a key figure scheme is defined to reflect the contribution margin scheme.
Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KER1
Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Report Components -> Define Key Figure Schemas
2. On Change View: key Figures Scheme: Details screen, Select Button “New Entries”, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
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Operating concern
R DC00
Key figure scheme
R Y1
Medium Length Text
R BP KEY FIGURE SCHEMA
BP 事例关键值方案3. Save 4. Doubleclick “Elements of the key figure scheme”
5. Build up the following key figure scheme as follows:
Z0010 Sales volume = + Z9001 Sales quantity (ABSMG);Z0020 Gross Sales = + Z9002 Revenue (ERLOS);Z0030 Qty discount = + Z9003 Qty discount (MRABA);Z0040 Other discounts = + Z9005 Other discounts (RABAT);Z0050 Price reduction = + Z9004 Price reduction (PRABA);Z0060 OutgoingFreight = + Z9006 OutgoingFreight (AUSFR);Z0070 Stock value = + Z9012 Stock value (VRPRS);Z0090 Net Sales after Dedu = + Z9002 Revenue (ERLOS) - Z9003 Qty discount (MRABA) - Z9004 Price reduction (PRABA) - Z9005 Other discounts (RABAT) - Z9006 OutgoingFreight (AUSFR);Z0100 Price variances = + Z9017 Price variances (KWABPR);Z0110 Quantity variances = + Z9016 Quantity variances (KWABMG);Z0120 Lot size variances = + Z9015 Lot size variances (KWABLG);Z0130 Resource-usage var. = + Z9019 Resource-usage var. (KWABST);Z0140 Other variances = + Z9018 Other variances (KWABSG);Z0190 Production Variances = + Z9016 Quantity variances (KWABMG) + Z9017 Price variances (KWABPR) + Z9019 Resource-usage var. (KWABST) + Z9015 Lot size variances (KWABLG) + Z9018 Other variances (KWABSG);Z0200 Admin. overhead = + Z9010 Admin. overhead (VWGK);Z0210 Sales overhead = + Z9011 Sales overhead (VTRGK);Z0220 Marketing division = + Z9013 Marketing division (KWMKDP);Z0230 Research & Developmt = + Z9014 Research & Developmt (KWFOEN);Z0290 OVERHEAD = + Z9014 Research & Developmt (KWFOEN) + Z9013 Marketing division (KWMKDP) + Z9010 Admin. overhead (VWGK) + Z9011 Sales overhead (VTRGK);
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1.6.1.2 Define Variables for Reports
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE3E
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Define Variables for Reports
2. Make the following entries:
Appl T Field name Name of va R O Field name F T Offs Leng LengFixed value I Q Curr. Un.
KE 1 GJAHR &BISGJAHR 2 0 0 0
KE 1 GJAHR &VONGJAHR 2 0 0 0
KE 1 PERDE &BISPER 2 0 0 0
KE 1 PERDE &VONPER 2 0 0 0
La Appl T Field name Name of va Short text Description
EN KE 1 GJAHR &BISGJAHR To Fiscal Year
EN KE 1 GJAHR &VONGJAHR From Fiscal Year
EN KE 1 PERDE &BISPER To Period
EN KE 1 PERDE &VONPER From Period
1.6.1.3 Define Forms for Profitability Reports
Use
A form is used as a framework for the report in which is defined which Characteristics and Value fields are being used. The following forms as basis for the profitability reports have been created. The contribution margin scheme is based on the logic of the “Key Figures Scheme”.
Form Description
YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan
P/L计划实际差异
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Procedure
1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction code KE34
IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Report Components -> Define Forms -> Define Forms for Profitability Reports
2. On Report Painter: Create Forms screen, enter the necessary data.
Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment
Forms R YB10
Description R P & L Actual vs Plan
3. Enter
4. Build up the three forms with the Report Painter
Form YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan
P&L Actual vs. Plan Actual Plan Diff. Diff. %Sales volume XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Gross Sales XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Net Sales after Dedu XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Production Variances XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. OVERHEAD XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
格式 YB10 P/L计划实际差异
P/L计划实际 实际 计划 差异 差异比
XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
.
销售数量 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
.
收入 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
.
净收入 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
.
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差异总计 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
1.7 Manually Create Profitability Report
UseGeneral SAP Reporting is tool that allows you to create report
variants quickly and easily. The modules used for this purpose are characteristics (combinations of characteristic attributes form the profitability segment) and value fields/key figures which refer to a certain period of time in their plan/actual differentiation.
Standard reports/report tree Predefined standard reports can be stored in a report tree in SAP. The report tree must be maintained by CO-PA and can include the following report types:
Ad-hoc reports In addition to the defined standard reports, every user with authorization to use SAP Reporting can create reports within profitability analysis. Ad-hoc reports are easy to generate and provide statements on business transactions that are not specified precisely by means of a general query.Individual characteristics and value fields, as well as stored calculation rules (key figure scheme) can be accessed here.
Form reports Form reports are complex report structures that serve specific analysis purposes and that have a standardized structure and layout. They can, however, be used variably, for various periods or organizational units, for example.
As an example of a form report, reports YB10 P & L Actual vs. Plan has been created.
Procedure 17. To carry out the activity, choose the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KE31
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Create Profitability Report
18. The reports delivered are based on the forms created:
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YB10 P & L Actual vs. Plan
19. Enter the following data
Report YB102003Text BP P & L Actual vs. Plan 2003
P/L 计划实际差异 2003Report with form xForm YB10
20. Icon “Create” in Line “Report with form”
In view “Characters” select all characters
In view “Variables” maintain the following values
Sales org. BP01 Sales Org. BP01
From Period 1 January
To Period 12 December
From Fiscal Year 2003 2003 (current year)
To Fiscal Year 2003 2003 (current year)
5. Save
Proceed in the same way for year 2004
Forms:
Form YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan
P&L Actual vs. Plan Actual Plan Diff. Diff. %Sales volume XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Gross Sales XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Net Sales after Dedu XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Production Variances XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. OVERHEAD XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX
1.8 Activate Profitability Analysis
Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code KEKE
IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Activate Profitability Analysis
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2. Make the following entries:
COAr Year P I OpCo P
DC00 1999 2 DC00
1.9 Troubleshooting in CO-PA
Use This sections describes how to use SAPNote 446279 to fix inconsistencies in the derivation rules in CO-PA.
They might occur in case of client copies, installation of different operating concerns via BC Set with different derivation rules.
Please use the report RKEDRCHECK described in this section to check whether you have inconsistencies in you operating concern.
Procedure21. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:
Transaction Code SA38
IMG Menu Troubleshooting in CO-PA
22. On the Screen “ABAP Execute Program” fill in the program name RKEDRCHECK and choose Execute (F8).
23. On the following screen “Characteristic Derivation: Check table”, two options are offered to the user:
Description
1. Check in all clients
2. Delete inconsistent steps
24. Choose “Check in all clients” and choose Execute (F8) to see whether you have inconsistencies in your system.
25. Choose Back (F3).
26. In case you had inconsistencies mark “Delete inconsistent steps” and choose Execute (F8).
27. Save your entries and choose Back
ResultThe inconsistencies in the derivation tables have been removed.
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