coordinated planning and - ESCAP Institutional Issues.pdfThe Center of Excellence in Urban...

Establishing Institutions for the coordinated planning and

management of urban transport

H.M. Shivanand SwamyCenter of Excellence in Urban Transport (COE-UT),

CEPT University, Ahmedabad

Sustainable & Inclusive Transport Workshop- Thimpu-– 2015

Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University, Ahmedabad, India

CEPT University focuses on understanding, designing, planning, constructing andmanaging human habitats. Its teaching programs build thoughtful professionals and itsresearch programs deepen understanding of human settlements. CEPT University alsoundertakes advisory projects to further the goal of making habitats more livable. TheUniversity comprises five faculties.

Faculty of Architecture - 1962Faculty of Planning - 1972Faculty of Technology - 1982Faculty of Design - 1991Faculty of Habitat Management 2012

The Center of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University (CEPT-CoE),established in 2009 is an initiative of the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD),Government of India, CEPT-CoE has been envisaged as a resource centre for dealingwith issues in urban transport planning and management. It has a mandate to coverthree aspects of capacity building in urban transport - human resource development,knowledge management and technical assistance & advisory.

Hon'ble Prime Minister of Bhutan in AhmedabadReceived by Ms. D.Thara, Municipal Commissioner

Hon'ble Prime Minister of Bhutan in AhmedabadTaking BRT ride with Hon. Minister Shakner Chaudhary, Government of Gujarat

Establishing Institutions for the coordinated planning and management of urban transport

H.M. Shivanand Swamy

Center of Excellence in Urban Transport (COE-UT)

CEPT University

Urban Transport ChallengesUnplanned urban growth leading to urban sprawl

• Higher Capital Investments• Increased trip lengths• Longer travel times• Resulting in congestion- delays• Road safety risks• Increased energy consumption • Deterioration in air quality.

Increased dependence on private modes of travel• The focus on facilitating vehicular movements • Little/no emphasis on quality pedestrian infrastructure /cyclist

infrastructure.

Motorisation and inadequate transport infrastructure• With economic development 2 wheelers are shifting towards car• Our cities are not designed for car dominated traffic• Unplanned growth –Street networks with irregular , not hierarchical

pattern

COE-UT ,Cept University

Urban Transport ChallengesAir and Noise Pollution

• The transport sector contributes to about 15% of CO2 emissions in India, and has been increasing• Indian cities are very noisy. Mumbai and Delhi have both registered more than 90 dB, making

Mumbai the third noisiest city in the world

Road Safety• Road accidents have grown 2.5 times from 2000 to 2012• pedestrians and cyclists accounts for more than 60% of the urban road fatalities

Institutional Inadequacies • Urban transport is not the responsibility of any one institution

Financing of Urban Transport • Urban local bodies fund transport through local taxation• Limited resources- focus on building & maintaining roads, flyovers & under bridges• Public transport – only a discretionary function of local bodies

Centre State Local

Railways, Shipping, Aviation Land & Urban Transport City bus & city transport infrastructure

Major port Minor Port Inland waterways

Trunk Highways Other roads Local Roads


Urban Transport Challenges

••


Figures shows India turning into vehicle oriented society

Urban Transport Challenges

•

•

•


Required Change in Perspective

INCOME

Use Car

Use 2w or old car

Use PT or NMTCannot afford anything else

Target Group

Captive to the Car

Quality is important

Affordability is important

Complexity of Urban Transport

Land useEconomics

Politics

Behavior

Sociology

Affordability

GenderDisability

Engineering

Finance

Environment

Energy Security

Technology

Health

Source : OP Agrawal ,World Bank. 2013Establishing Institutions for the coordinated planning and management of urban transport

Urban Transport Planning & Management needs a holistic approach

Need to balance supply side measures with demand side measures

This requires many actions to happen in an integrated and well coordinated manner

These actions are taken by multiple agencies, that often cut across different levels of the Govt.

This is the institutional challengeSource : OP Agrawal ,World Bank. 2013Establishing Institutions for the coordinated planning and management of urban transport

Essential to integrate this fragmented responsibility through a lead institution

having comprehensive responsibility


PLANNING & MANAGEMENT OF URBAN TRANPORT -INSTITUTIONS

Spatial PlanningHow to structure (Re)Development?

Land use PlanningA Statutory ProcessTown Planning & Urban Development Act

How to organise mobility systems?Transport /Mobility PlansNot Statutory/Adhoc basis

Planned as two separate systems!!

Integrated Approach is required

Agencies responsible for the plan preparation?

Multiple agencies (Urbanroads, public transport, railways,

metro, traffic management)National,State level Local level

Land use planning and zoning (Under respective T&CP Acts)

Municipalities

Development Authorities

Transportation planning

Lack of coordination

Town & Country Planning Agency

*Source: STELLA Focus Group 4 meeting, Brussels 25-27 March 2004

18

Forecasting and backcasting

FUTURE

PRESENT

Forecasting

VISION OF THE FUTURE

Backcasting

PRESENT

Change Course towards desired future

Plans and Process – London,

London Plan

Mayor’s Transport Strategy

Economic Development

Strategy

• Long term plan (20 years)

• Lead Agency: GLA

Spatial Strategic Plan:• Challenges of economic and

population growth.• Accessible neighborhood.• World leader in improving the

environment.• Easy, safe and convenient access

of jobs and opportunities.


• Lead Agency: GLA and TfL

Transport Strategic Goals• Support economic and population

growth.• Enhance quality of life of Londoners.• Reduce transport contribution to

Climate.• Improve transport opportunities to all

Londoners


• Lead Agency: GLA

• Supportive Agency: TfL, London Development

Agency, Metropolitan Police Service

Economic Strategic Plan:• Promote London as a world capital

business centre• Most competitive business

environment.• World’s leading low carbon capital• Investment in infrastructure and

transport.

Concept plan

• Long term plan (30 - 40 years)

• Lead Agency: URA (Urban

Redevelopment Authority),

• Supporting Agency: HAD (Housing

Development Dept), JTC (Industry &

Developers), National Environment

Agency

• Physical development• Economic development

opportunities• Physical connectivity

Land Transport Master Plan

• Medium term plan (10 -15

years)

• Lead Agency: LTA (Land

Transport Authority),

• Supporting Agency: PTC

(Public Transport Council)

Strategic thrust:• Making public transport a mode

choice.• Managing Road usage• Meeting the diverse needs of the

people

Plans and Process - Singapore

Plans and Process - Ottawa

5. Official Plan

Transport master Plan

• Plan period: 20 years

• Lead Agency: City council

• Managing growth• Providing Infrastructure• Maintaining Environmental Integrity• Creating Liveable Communities

• Land use planning• Transportation demand management• Transportation supply management• New infrastructure and services.

1. Human service Plan

2. Arts and Heritage Plan

3. Economic strategy Plan

4. Environment strategy Plan

Infrastructure Master Plan

Green Space Master Plan

• Plan period: 10 years

• Lead Agency: City

council

Benchmarking - CURITIBA

A

PedestrinisedCity Centre

Concentric roads

Express BusStations

Slow movingtraffic ring

• Highest Density along BRT• Kerb side bus stops• Median Bus lanes• 15000 pphpd ridership

Singapore – Landuse Transport Integration

• Concept Plan 1971 drew up plans for MRT Lines

• “land banking” adopted by Government to develop residential areas which were to be connected by the PT system.

• Concept Plan 1991 proposed high-rise development around MRT stations - commercial and other economic activities

• Integration of PT with economic centres led to better utilisation of the MRT network in both directions during peak hours.

• Development of residential areas near to commercial and industries -reduce the need of travel by

Benchmarking - SINGAPORE

65 kph45 kph

IncreaseERP rate

DecreaseERP rate

Expressways

30 kph20 kph

IncreaseERP rate

DecreaseERP rate

Arterial Roads

ERP is a congestion management toolPay-as-you-useprincipleReview speed range at 3-month interval, adjust ERP rates

Benchmarking - SEOUL

• Improve public transport access to city centers, restrict single occupant autos

Remove 1,160 Lane Km of general traffic lanes-

• Add pedestrian and transit-only space,

Cheong Gye Cheon

Before After

INDIA - INTEGRATED PLANNING

- National Land Use Policy

- National Urban Transport Policy

- Spatial Planning

Urban Transport Management Framework India

National URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY-2006 , Framed by MoUD , GOI - NUTP

National Urban Renewal Mission (NURM), Framed by MoUD , GOI

SMART CITIES

The objective of this policy is to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access for the growing number of city residents to jobs, education, recreation and such other needs within our cities.”

Reform led infrastructure funding program- Metro Rail, Bus Rapid Transit System, Buses, NMT infartsructure


Initiatives towards urban transport reform

NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY-2006 , Framed by MoUD , GOI

Vision• People centric Cities• Most liveable cities in the world• Evolution of cities according to support the main

social and economic activities that take place in the city

Objective“The objective of this policy is to ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access for the growing number of city residents to jobs, education, recreation and such other needs within our cities.”

Strategies

Integrated land use – transport planning

Integrated, multimodal transport

Greater use of technology to deliver cleaner and more user friendly transport

Institutional capacity building

Regulatory reforms to create level playing field

Access to houses and livelihood opportunities of the poor

Promoting public transport and non-motorised transport through equitable allocation of streets space and central financial support

Focus• Reduce Need to travel • Invest in sustainable transport infrastructure• Livable cities and Improved social & economic systems


Reforms in urban transport in IndiaState Level

Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority

Urban Transportation fund

Integrated planning

Fare revision

Transit Oriented Development (TOD

State Taxes

City Level

Dedicated Urban Transport Fund

Advertisement Policy

Parking Policy

Integrated Network & ITS

SPV

Traffic Management Control Center

Million+ citiesCoordinated planning and

implementation of UT projects

Generate inflows from various taxes and fees

Funding new UT projects & maintenance

Changes in bylaws and master plans to integrate sustainable

transport

Regulatory/institutional mechanism setup to periodically

revise PT fares

TOD encouraged by policy amendments

Waiving off/Reimbursing taxes on urban or city buses or brts

Land value capture, advertisement tax, etc.

Advertisement revenue from PT, IPT and public utilities for public

purpose

Parking fee represents true value of land occupied. Mechanism to

Curb private vehicle parking

Seamless travel, multimodal integration ,Automatic fare,

Realtime information

Special purpose vehicle for managing hte public

transportation

Effective monitoring and enforcement – data for future

planning

State Urban Dev Dept Urban Local Body

Urban transport under the purview of urban development

department

ULB to be responsible for the urban development in the city


Process

SECTORAL STUDIES AND ANALYSES

SPATIAL STUDIES AND ANALYSES

VISION

SECTORAL STRATEGIES

SPATIAL STRATEGIES

DEVELOPMENT PLANS

PROJECTS

IMPLEMENTATION

PUBL

IC P

ART

ICIP

ATIO

N A

ND

STA

KEH

OLD

ER C

ON

SULT

ATIO

NS

Planning legislation must be revamped in all statesA new planning framework – a combination of STRATEGIC & SPATIAL planning at all hierarchical levels

Legal framework

State

Metropolitan Area

Other Regions* Districts

City Gram Panchayat

Zone

Ward, Local area

Ward

REGIONAL PLANNING JURISDICTIONS

* Other regions – heritage region, disaster affected region, flood plain, industrial area, etc.

HIE

RA

RC

HIC

AL

LEV

ELS

IN

SET

TLE

MEN

T P

LAN

NIN

G

DISTRICT LAND USE PLAN

NATIONAL LAND USE POLICY – Focus – Natural Resources & Agricultural Productivity

Existing Land Use Proposed Land Use

Rural settlement PlanningGamtal/ Gaothan expansion; Access/ Village roads and pathways; Common property resources management; Water & Sanitation, Disaster Management

Development plan


• Lead Agency: AUDA (Ahmedabad

Urban Development Authority),

• Supporting Agency: AMC, Roads &

Building department,

• Land use & Economic development centres (CBD, TOD etc.)

• Housing (EWS, Affordable housing etc.)

• Public transportation & TOD

• Social infrastructure development

• Local area access plan & Green Network

Integrated Mobility Plan

• Integrated land use –transport infrastructure

Plans and Process - AhmedabadGujarat Town Planning & Development Act 1976

• Guideline document for planning and development

• Spatial Framework

• Efficient movement of people & goods

• Sustainable & safer transport focussing on NMT & PT.

• Medium term plan (20 years)

• Lead Agency: AUDA

(Ahmedabad Urban

Development Authority),

• Supporting Agency: AMC, R&B,

GIDB, AMTS, AJL, Western railway

Town Planning Scheme (TPS)

• Land use management at micro level

• Road network hierarchy & good quality

balanced built form.

• Control on development through FAR &

regular shapes of the plots.

Provides Overall Development Framework

Overall Direction of Urban ExpansionLanduse ZoningCity level road networkCity Level Infrastructure (Utilities & Amenities)Reservations of Land for other Public PurposesDevelopment Control Regulation/rules

Ahmedabad DP’s1965, 1987, 2002, 2014

2 Stage Process Under the Gujarat Urban Development and Town Planning Act-1976Land Management

Development Plan

Under the Gujarat Urban Development and Town Planning Act-1976Land Management Process

A land readjustment tool to adapt land for urban use

Reconstitution of land holdingsAppropriation of land for public uses without acquisition Local level road networkLocal level social and physical infrastructureLand Bank for Urban PoorInfrastructure Cost Recovery

Land appropriation compensation adjusted against land value increments due to infra. provision

Land for Financing of infrastructure (15%)

Town Planning Scheme (TPS)

Under the Gujarat Urban Development and Town Planning Act-1976Town Planning Scheme

Land Area for Public Purposes

Appropriation of land for public uses upto 50%Road Network –upto 20%Local level social and physical infrastructure (upto 5%)Land for Economically Weaker Section Housing (upto 10%)Land Bank for Financing of infrastructure (upto 15%)

No StationLeve

l

1Ashram Road ( income

tax) 1

2 Kalupur Rly. Stn. 13 Sabarmati Rail Stn 14 Helmet Cross Road 25 Rabari Colony 26 Anjali 27 Madalpur 28 Vadaj 29 Ranip 210 Thaltej Gam 311 Thaltej 312 Drive-in Cinema 313 Gurukul Road 314 Commerce Six Road 315 Stadium 316 Shahpur 317 Relief Road 318 Kankaria East 319 New Cotton Mills 320 Amraiwadi 321 Vastral 322 Nirant Cross Rd. 323 Vastral Gam 324 APMC 325 Vasna 326 Paldi 327 Nava Gandhigram 328 Usmanpura 329 AEC 3

Metro – BRT Integration

N-S Metro

E-W Metro

BRT Network

INTEGRATED LAND USE WITH MASS TRANSIT 2021

Focus Areas “Service Level Benchmark”

1.Public Transportfacilities

2.PedestrianInfrastructure

facilities

3.Non MotorizedTransport facilities

4.Usage ofIntelligent

Transport System(ITS) facilities

5.Travel Speed(Motorized And MassTransit) Along Major

Corridors

6.Road Safety 7.Availability ofParking facilities 8.Pollution levels

9.Land UseTransport

Integration

10.FinancialSustainability ofPublic Transport

11.IntermediatePublic Transport

(IPT)

Adapting Indicators for Hill Cities

Why do we need to look at Hill Cities differently?

Geographical constraints• Steep slopes, landslides, heterogeneity of climate, land use pattern and

scarcity of buildable land

Population size – Residents vs Visitors• Size of these cities maybe smaller but the scale is much larger as it is

driven by both residents and visitors

FunctionalitySmall cities deliver higher order functions (not matching with size)

Paved footsteps

Near NST Station High School Near Red cross building

Unpaved footsteps

Along NH-29 Martyrs Park to PWD office Along NH-29

Methodology for Hill CitiesResearch background methodology to

compute basis for Hill CitiesDeveloping a base Survey required for computation

1. Contours2. Generate Elevation from

Contours3. Generate Slopes from

Elevation.4. Using Path distance tool

and applying Tobler’s hiking function (vertical factors) to calculate the cost in terms of time.

Base information required tocollect for all hill cities 1.Public transport user survey

2. Average walking speed

Interpretation of 500m buffer

Methodology for Hill CitiesComputation

Sample size 1% of ridership-220nos

75% of bus users use walk as an access and egress mode45 % of the bus users are walking 10 minutes 23% of the bus users are willing to walk upto 2o minutes to a bus stopsAverage walking speed is 2.3 km/hr

1. 500m = 230 mi.e. It takes 6 minutes to walk230m in hill areas

2. Willingness to walk = 20 mins= 750mi.e. Coverage of public transportis 750m instead of 500mbecause people walk more onhilly areas.

Result from survey Calculation for computation

MANAGEMENT OF URBAN TRANPORT -INSTITUTIONS

Who should Plan & Manage Transport?FunctionsLegal basisJurisdictionManpower profile and sizeManagement structure and accountabilityLeadership of the institutionFinancing


Structure for Transportation Management

Strategic

Level

Tactical Level

Operations Level

Strategic Functions

Policy Formulation Establishing a Vision, Long term planning, Capital Financing

InfrastructurePlanning

Regulation

Service Planning

Planning for roads, bridges, and other infrastructure

Functions Under LawIssue of permits for public tpt, Fare fixationDriver license & Vehicle registnTraffic Management, Enforcement

Planning functions,Demand assessmentNetwork & route design, Service planningInter-modal coordination

Infrastructure Construction / Maintenance

Construction & maintenance of Roads/bridges, etc

Common facilities Terminals, Bus stops, Control systems, Database, Ticketing, Accident recovery

Separate facilities Metro, BRT, Buses, Para Transit

Public Transport

Operations

Planning level Functions Operations

Agencies Responsible for Urban Transport in India

Strategic Level Operations LevelTactical Level

Strategic Functions

Ministry of Urban development

Ministry of Road transport & Highways

Ministry of New and Renewable

Energy

Urban /Infrastructure Planning

RegulationService Planning

Department of Transport

Urban development Department-Planning for roads,

bridges, and other infrastructure

Road and Building Department

Delhi Development Authority

Home department

Road Transport Office - Driver license & Vehicle registn

Department of Police - Traffic Police : Traffic ManagementEnforcement

DDA

Public Transport Auhtorities: Planning functionsDemand assessmentNetwork & route designService planningInter-modal coordination

Infrastructure Construction / Maintenance

Public Transport

Operations

Municipal Corporation Construction & maintenance of

Roads/bridges, etc

Urban Development Authority

Road and Building department

Separate facilities

Common facilities

Public Transport Authorities

Terminals, Bus stops, Control systems, Database, Ticketing, Accident recovery

Public Transport Authorities

Metro, BRT, Buses, Para Transit


Plan

ning

le

vel

Func

tions

A

genc

y

Public TransportOperations

Strategic Functions

Common FacilitiesCommon Facilities Separate ServicesSeparate Services

Infrastructure PlanningInfrastructure Planning Service PlanningService PlanningRegulationRegulation

InfrastructureConstruction / Maintenance

TfL

TfLLondon Underground

TfLDept of Transport

TfL

Private Construction firms

TfL or subsidiaries (Victoria Coach Station)

London UndergroundPrivate bus operators

London

World Bank Study


Strategic Functions




LTA

LTA LTA, PTCPOLICE

LTA, Operators


LTA SMRTSBS

Singapore

World Bank Study

Transport Authority Framework in various cities

Under Own legislation

Under Generic legislation

Under Executive orders

Under Mutual Agreement

City Option adopted Agency

Paris Framework Law for such organizing authorities for public transport

Paris Transit Authority

London Greater London Authority Act, 1999Subsidiaries - under a generic

Companies Act

Transport for London

Vancouver TransLink – South Coast British Colombia Authority ActSubsidiaries – Generic legislation

Translink

Singapore Land Transport Authority Act LTA

Lagos LAMATA Act LAMATA

Cairo Presidential Decree Cairo Transportation Authority

Pereira Mutual Agreement

Having its own legislation gives it the required “Authority” but can be time consuming and complicated. Needs strong will and leadership.

India UMTA – Urban Mass Transit Authority ACT (State wise)

Various Mass transit authorities setup in various cities


Manpower

Staff strength depends on what functions it performs and how it organizes the operation of public transport services

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

TfL TransLink LTA STIF Bangalore Lagos

Sourcing manpowerTwo options:

Existing civil serviceOpen market

Existing civil service has the advantage of knowing the system better, but may not have the requisite technical skillsOpen market may have the requisite skills, but:

Salary scales required may have to be much higher – conflict with existing civil servicesMay not know the internal systems very well

Management structure

Typically a Board, supported by a SecretariatSecretariat headed by a CEOCan have several subsidiaries

Transport for London (headed by Commissioner)

LondonBus

ServicesLitd

Victoria CoachStation

DocklandsLight Railway

LondonRiver

Services

LondonUnderground

Limited

19 others

TfL Board (chaired by Mayor)

World Bank Study

Leadership - Who heads

Usually tricky if many jurisdictionsHead of the main cityProvincial or national representativeSelected by heads of all jurisdictions

Agency Leadership

TfL, London Mayor of London

STIF, Paris Chair of a 29 member board comprising reps of region, Paris and departments

LTA, Singapore Chair of a 15 member Board. CEO heads secretariat

TransLink, Vancouver Chair of a 9 member Board appointed by a Mayors Council

LAMATA 13 member Board representing different stakeholders

FinancingFinances for its own expenses + finances for meeting capital and O&M costs

Government grantsTaxes assigned to the institution to collect and useFees and revenues from its own activities

Its most important source of “Authority”

Authority Source of finance

TfL, London Govt. grants towards (1)investment program and (2) for operational activities, + congestion fee, advertising etc.

STIF, Paris Govt. grants + Transport Tax

LTA, Singapore Management fee, vehicle registration fee, etc. + Grants for capital investments

TransLink,Vancouver Property tax, parking sales tax and fuel tax + Agreed transfers from Govt.

LAMATA, Lagos Fees for its services and share of road tax

India Grants, Land Value Capture, Green Cess (Surrat, Ahmedabad)


Strategic Functions

Common facilitiesCommon facilities Separate ServicesSeparate Services



UMTA

City/PWD STA/RTAPOLICE

Operators


None at present SPVsBMRC/BMTC

Bangalore

Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority –UMTA – Functions ( INDIA)Policy Functions : Formulation of policy, strategy & financing city PT systems.

Regulatory functions: Coordination between various PT modes for seamless travel

Financing functions:

Integrated Holistic Planning: Planning Multimodal PT system, IPT, NMT & Goods movement

Planning Road Network & Associated infrastructure: Road furniture, Junctions, Flyovers, Parking , intermodal transfers

Organizing & Coordinating Services: Route allocation, contract monitoring

Common Services: PR, Security Services, revenue sharing mgmt, data mgmt, last mile connectivity etc.

Traffic engineering & ManagementCapacity building for city officials

City level Hyderabad Urban Metropolitan Transport Authority (HUMTA)

Chennai Urban Metropolitan Transport Authority (CUMTA)

Unified Mumbai Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMMTA)

Bangalore Metropolitan Land Transport Authority (BMLTA)

Mysore City Land Transport Authority (MCLTA)


State Level Directorate of Urban Land Transport (DULT) Karnataka

UMTA for Odhisha, Jharkhand, UP

Urban Transport Fund (UTF) with advertisement revenues, parking revenues and land value capture (sale of FSI) as sources of fund.

UTF is available for capital & expenditure costs for transit systems and NMT facilities

Green Tax : 2% on price of vehicle which goes to UTF ( Implemented by Surat – Gujarat)

Automatic Fare Revision formulae- Bus fares indexed to changes in fuel price and other costs (Adopted by Ahmedabad)

private sector -to finance and operate and maintain transit systems efficiently, gross-cost & net-cost contracting models

Gross cost models by Ahmedabad, Surat, Delhi etc.- Recommended

Investment Program: Alternative Funding meachanism


Ministry Agency Major Functions Level Govt.Ministry of Information & Communications

Road Safety & Transport Authority

Transport policy, regional transport connectivityVehicle registration, driver testing and licensing, vehicle standards, road safety, road transport regulation, public transport services (incl. urban transport) and facilities, ra

National

Department of Civil Aviation

Aviation infrastructure, navigation/ communication facilities, airport security, regulate air carriers, services at the airport

National

Ministry of Home & Cultural Affairs

Dzongkhag Administration Planning, implementation and maintenance of feeder roads ProvinceGewog Administration Maintenance of farm roads, tracks and footpaths with inputs

from DoA (MoAF)Local

Royal Bhutan Police, Traffic Division

Enforcement of road rules, highway patrolling, road safety, traffic and parking control

National

Department of Disaster Management

Emergency (disaster) search & rescue National

Ministry of Works & Human Settlement

Department of Roads •Road network (NH, DR) planning, implementation, maintenance•Technical standards•Road infrastructure safety/road safety auditing •Road signs, signals, markings

Department of Engineering Services

Urban developmentUrban Road

National

Department of Human Settlement

Engineers’ administration, Urban planning , Urban land use planning/management, Suspension bridges

National

Agencies responsible for transport in Bhutan

Ministry Agency Major Functions Level Govt.Ministry of Agriculture and Forests

Department of Agriculture

Implement farm Roads

Ministry of Finance

Department of Revenue & Customs

Vehicle import, motor vehicle related taxes and levies, subsidy to city transportInstallation and management of weigh bridges

Ministry of Labour & Human Resources

Licensing of driver training schools – public and private

Department of Renewable Energy

Department of Trade Vehicle import license, Dry port, freight transport, automobile workshops, fuel policy, transit trade (sea-ports)

National

Department of Renewable Energy

Alternative energy National

Ministry of Education

School buses National

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Protocol/VIP vehicles National

Thromdeys -Thimphu, Phuentsholing, Gelephu, Samdrupjongkhar

All aspects of Thromde Roads, Traffic and parking management, Urban transport, Road signs, signals, markings

Province

National Environment Commission

Emission standard National

Agencies responsible for transport in Bhutan


Strategic Functions




?

? ? ?

?

? ?

Bhutan

Key lessons

New Institutions Takes time to evolve – matching expectations with possibilities What exists today will have to give us a lead for the future!!Selecting an existing institution will always be questioned by others!!

Key success factors

External Support

Internal Capacity

Public Value

Being able to provide facilities that are of public

value

Has the technical capacity and financial resources to

discharge its responsibilities Has influential champions to back it up


Thank You….

Centre of Excellence in Urban Transport, CEPT University

[email protected]

THANK [email protected]

coordinated planning and - ESCAP Institutional Issues.pdfThe Center of Excellence in Urban...

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