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Conventional Technique vs Remote Sensing
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Transcript of Conventional Technique vs Remote Sensing
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CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUE VS
REMOTE SENSING
Shailendra Kumar
Sch. No. 122110105
1st year M. Plan (UD)
Dpartement of architecture
and planning
MANIT Bhopal
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DEFINITIONS OF REMOTE SENSING
The art and science ofobtaining information about an
object without being in direct
physical contact with the
object - Jensen (2000)
The science and art ofobtaining information about an
object, area, or phenomenon
through the analysis of data
acquired by a device that is notin contact with the object, area,
or phenomenon under
investigation - Lillesand and
Kiefer (2000)
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HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
Development of photography
Invention of photography
In the 16th century: Pin-hole Camera Obscura(Latin meaning Dark Room)
In the early 19th century: Invention of filmwith silver iodide
1826first photo by Nipce
Daguerrefixing image on a film Film camera
Black and white
Color
Infrared
Digital camera
Multiple bands
Imaging techniques
Image type
Scanner type
Photo by Talbot (1840)
Am. Museum of Photography
ADS40 Aerial Camera
Leica-Geosystems
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Development of platform
Balloons
Birds
Airplanes
Artificial satellites
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
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HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
Development of software Developments
Command line interface
Graphical user interface
Integration of photogrammetry, GISand remote sensing
Internet and network
Major companies (products)
Leica-Geosystems (Imagine)
ESRI (ArcGIS)
PCI Geomatics (Geomatica)
Intergraph
ER Mapper
ENVI
HIPS MicroImages
Clarke Lab (Idrisi)
Open source (GRASS)
Pixoneer (PG-Steamer)
AGI Multispec
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HISTORY OF REMOTE SENSING
Development of hardware
Analog tools
Streoscope
Analog Stereoplotter
Digital tools
Digital cameras
Scanners
Digital photogrammetric workstations
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THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSING
ENERGY
SOURCE
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Electro-magnetic radiation which is reflected oremitted from an object is the usual source
of remote sensing data. However any media such as gravity or magnetic fields can be
utilized in remote sensing.
Remote Sensing Schematic
EMR Source
Target / Interaction
Sensor PlatformsData Transmission
Data Recording/ Storage / Analysis
THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSING
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THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSING
A. Radiation and the atmosphere
B. Interaction with target
C. Energy recorded andconverted by sensor
D. Reception and processing
E. Interpretation and
analysis
A
A
B
D
E
C
12
65
28
33
76
Text by the Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing
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THE PROCESS OF REMOTE SENSINGFig Description
1. Energy Source or Illumination (A) - the first requirement for remote sensing is to have
an energy source which illuminates or provides electromagnetic energy to the target of
interest.
2. Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) - as the energy travels from its source to the target, it
will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This
interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the
sensor.
3. Interaction with the Target (C) - once the energy makes its way to the target through the
atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and
the radiation.4. Recording of Energy by the Sensor (D) - after the energy has been scattered
by, or emitted from the target, we require a sensor (remote - not in contact with the
target) to collect and record the electromagnetic radiation.
5. Transmission, Reception, and Processing (E) - the energy recorded by the
sensor has to be transmitted, often in electronic form, to a receiving and processing
station where the data are processed into an image (hardcopy and/or digital).
6. Interpretation and Analysis (F) - the processed image is interpreted, visuallyand/or digitally or electronically, to extract information about the target which was
illuminated.
7. Application (G) - the final element of the remote sensing process is achieved when we
apply the information we have been able to extract from the imagery about the target
in order to better understand it, reveal some new information, or assist in solving a
particular problem
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APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING
1. Military applications
2. Local governments
3. State and federal institutions
4. Private sector applications
APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING
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APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING
1. Military applications
Surveillance
Combat support Target monitoring
National security
UAV (unmanned aerial
vehicle) imagery processing
2. Local governments
Imagery as the background
of city and county maps
Data for environmental
assessment
Planning and development
support
Engineering project support
Change monitoring
3. State and federal institutions
Natural resources management
Change monitoring Social infrastructure management
Physical environment monitoring
Transportation
Mapping
4. Private sector applications
Energy
Electricity
Water
Engineering
Business support
Agriculture
Mining and Survey
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TECHNIQUE OF REMOTE SENSINGThere are various technique used in remote sensing but we can broadly categorized the
technique into namely:
Conventional technique
Modern technique
Conventional technique:
This technique use traditional method such as field survey, field equipment, manual recording,
field work and aerial photography. we sense our surroundings with out eye-brain system we are
determining the size, shape, and color of objects from a distance by collecting and analyzing
reflected visible light. This technique uses visible rage of radiation. This survey is done whenthere is need of detailed and exact information of particular area is required.
Modern technique:
This technique uses modern remote sensing equipment such as satellite, radar etc. to get the
generalize information of an area. In this technique visible and non visible range of radiation
are studied.
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Conventional technique vs remote sensing
Conventional Technique
It comprise of field work, aerial
photography and visible range of
radiation. Most of the works are manual.
Provides detailed information about an
area.
This is useful for survey of small area.
It requires lots of time for collecting data.
The process is very slow and requireshuge amount of human inputs and
finance.
The information we get is limited to an
area so we cannot generalize the
information over the large area.
Its requires lots of mathematical methodto analyze the data.
It doesnt work in bad weather condition.
This technique works well in an area
where there is geographically good for
human.
Remote sensing
It comprise of visible range and non
visible range of radiation.
Most of the work are done throughcomputer and satellite.
Provides genearal information about an
area.
This is useful for survey of larger area.
It requires less amount of time for
collecting data. The process is very fast and requires huge
finance at the start but provide
information for long time and at regular
intervals.
Its requires interpretation of data and
little of mathematical method to analyzethe data.
It work in all weather condition.
This technique works well in all areas.
These technique is far better than
conventional technique.
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BIBILIOGRAPHY
www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/.../1120579 - United StatesShare Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) Dr. Punyatoya Patra
(Associate Professor, Aditi Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi)
http://www.urisa.org/2007
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~geog-p/geog/RemoteSensing/
http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/home
Jordan Journal of Civil Engineering, Volume 2, No. 2, 2008- 100 -Evaluation of the Use of
Remote Sensing Techniques for Highway Alignment Layout Basim K. Jrew 1), Abdul
Razzak T. Ziboona 2) and Deleen Mohamed Saleh2)