Contributions of Psychodynamic
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Transcript of Contributions of Psychodynamic
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By Alex Reed
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE PSYCHODYNAMIC
APPROACH TO SOCIETY:
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHOANALYSIS
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CONTRIBUTIONS
• Understanding the individual :-
• Understanding why people demonstrate irrational behaviour
• The cause of this behaviour (unconscious motivation)
• Helping individuals to cope with mental health problems
• Helping people to understand themselves
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PSYCHOANALYSIS
• Psychoanalysis: pioneered by Freud, seeks to identify the causes of mental problems through:
• Dream interpretation: looking for patterns and symbols in dreams
• Free association: allowing the patient to talk freely, whilst analyising what they are saying, or
not saying as the case may be
• Resistance analysis: testing the patients’ resistance to conversing about certain topics such as
death, or childhood experiences
• Using these methods, the therapist can then explore unconscious issues that may be causing
mental illness
• Then, these issues can be dealt with through catharsis – that is, re-experiencing the trauma in
the safety of the therapy session in order to work through and resolve them
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PSYCHOANALYSIS CONT’D
• Therapy can also explore the use of coping strategies that are causing problems E.g.
using denial to avoid dealing with a tragic incident, such as a death
• It can also explore the nature of relationships a patient had during childhood which could be
adversely affecting their relationships in the present situation – this can be achieved through
transference, in which the patient acts our certain relationships with the therapist – through this,
the therapist can help them to understand the roots of their relationships problems, and how to
resolve them
• These studies have been shown to be effective by the research of Bachrach (1991) and
Leichsenring & Leibing (2007), which found a 60-90% improvement in patients
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PROS AND CONS
+ Shown to be effective (Bachrach, Leichsenring & Leibing) in helping patients with mental
problems
+ Can be employed to help couples with early symptoms of relationship troubles, in order to
resolve them quickly, leading to potentially better relationships, both at work and at home
- Very expensive – due to the level of training needed for the therapist etc.
- Very long term – often requiring many years worth of sessions to resolve problems, due to
their often serious nature
- Can have negative affects on the patient – due to the patient reliving extremely traumatic
experiences from their past, can have severe impact on their mental state
- Finally, due to the retrospective nature of the therapy, memories are accessed on areconstructive basis – therefore, there is no way for the therapist to distinguish between real
memories and false ones