Contour and Topo map Applications

Profile View (Longitudinal Sections): Roads, Canals, Pipes,…

Cross-Sectional View, Roads, Canals, Pipes, Building,…

Chapter 6-Vertical Sections

Longitudinal Sections- Vertical section along the centerline of the complete length of the work.

Cross-Section : Vertical sections drawn at right angles to the center line.

CUT (Level and slope- Upward from formation )Fill or Embankments ( Downward from

Formation)

Applications1. Determining suitable gradients 2. Calculating the volume of earth work.3. Supplying details of depth of cutting or height of filling required.

Important pointsLeveling data and or contour map be obtained.Scale should be as large as possible as it required or limited by paper size. Drawing should shows maximum possible details.Horizontal scale is determined by the length of horizontal distance and the paper size. Vertical scale is determine by the difference of maximum and minimum reduce levels and the paper size. If the difference is small then larger scale is needed. On other hand if the difference if large then small scale should be considered.Design elements must be available, example road (formation) width, building dimension, soil side slope,…Datum: select datum level based on the lowest RL that is included I n the drawing .

Example 1

.Draw with proper scale on A4 the profile view of a propose roads as show on the figure below AB (level) point A follows natural terrain BC is level RL B = RL C =75.18m

CD. EF , RL E is 65 and RL F is 75 .

E

F

A

B

C

Road center line (R1 and R$) W 4.00 M, G 1: 50 Side slope 1: 1

Storm water rising 1 in 40Invert manhole S1 -2.97

Foul water rising 1 in 40Invert manhole S1 -2.95

Example 2

Longitudinal section-Profile viewData collected and reduced

R1 @ 4.400R4 (80) will 6.000Slope 1in 50

HPC RL

6.55 5.200

Calculation

Longitudinal section-Profile viewAlong Road centerline

Examples- Sewer line

Sewer is 0.80 m in widthExcavation: Vertical

Cross-Sections at 40 (RL is 5.200 and 60 (Rl is 6.800). Side Slope 1:1 Width 4:00 m

Examples-Page 106

Cross-Sections Data

Draw sectional view along AB, AC, CD and BD sides of the building. AB=50 meter and CD =40 meter

A B

C D

HomeworkA uniform slope 5 meter road is proposed between point A and B, soil side slope Is 30 degrees. Perform the following:

1. Draw to maximum scale on A4 a profile view of the road, show the formation location2. Compute cut and fill along the center line for every station3. Draw to proper scale the cross section at station A, B and every 20 meter