Continuum states of light neutron- rich nuclei via transfer & knockout…
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CONTINUUM STATES OF LIGHT NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI VIA TRANSFER & KNOCKOUT…
‟Formless Continuum” – Jack Haas
Example : N=7 structure - 9He, 10Li …
… via single-neutron transfer on 8He [9Li]
versus
… nucleon knockout & fragmentation of fast secondary beams
GOAL: Compare and contrast
… Open issues and questions
[5H & 13Be via proton removal ]
NIGEL ORR *
* T AL KALANEE, J GIBELIN, H AL FALOU + CHARISSA+DEMON + MUST COLLABORATIONS
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… toujours la même chose avec lui … mieux vaut peut-être rester ici avec monballon de rouge
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THE LIGHT NEUTRON-RICH NUCLEI …
10Li
… driplines and beyond experimentally accessible via knockout/breakup neutron transfer
9He
... nuclear structure theory becoming mature (NCSM, ab initio, …)
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N=7 : STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION WITH ISOSPIN* …
T O
tsuk
a et
al.
PR
L 20
01
… 9He ??
PG Hansen et al.
1/2+ - 1/2- level inversion …
* Also input for 3-body models of 10He, …
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HISTORICAL INTERLUDE…
… some cases accessible via heavy-ion multi-nucleon transfer & double-charge exchange from stable targets/beams
→ complex mechanisms, selectivity (ℓ>>0), complex spectra, …
HMI group, circa 1994
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TWO ROADS TO THE CONTINUUM: NEUTRON TRANSFER & FAST BEAM KNOCKOUT/BREAKUP
… INVERSE KINEMATICS
--------
- --------
- --------
- --------
- --------
-
n
(d,p)
Si strip
beam PID + EB
tracking
heavy beam-like residue
(PID, E, q, f)
CD2 or Be / C
“knockout”
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8He(d,p) SINGLE-NEUTRON TRANSFER …
1s1/2
1p3/2
1p1/2
2s1/2
1d5/2
N=6
Proton energy and angle Ex of recoil B
Proton angular distribution, ds/dW
angular momentum transfered by neutron, ℓn
ds/dW (expt) = S ds/dW (reaction theory)
8He(d,p)9He Jp = 1/2+ 1/2-, 5/2+, 3/2-(iff 8Hegs “2p-2h”)*
p p
A AB
d
d + A p + B
n
n
d=p+n B=A+n
neutrons 8Hegs Jp = 0+
* 8He(p,d) S(p3/2) 4… 8He(p,t) 2p-2h … MUST [PRC2006, PLB2007 ]
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9He: SHELL MODEL (p-sd 0 –1ħw) …
L Chen et al. PLB (2001)
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d(8He,p)AHe @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al. [MUST2], PRC88 2013
Er=180±85 (G=180±160) ; 1240±120 (G=130+170/-130) ; 3420±780 (G=2900±400) keV
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d(8He,p)AHe @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al., PRC88 2013DWBA & CCBA – N Keeley
DWBA Optical Pot’ls: d+8He global parameters Daehnick et al p+9He systematics Koning+Delaroche Form Factors: Woods-Saxon with “Weak Binding” approx CCBA : d breakup only - d+8He CDCC
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d(8He,p)AHe @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al., PRC88 2013
[ Gsp (ℓ=0) 2700 keV]
[ Gsp (ℓ=1) 2400 keV]
[ Gsp (ℓ=2) 3000 keV]
DWBA: * No reliable form factor for ℓ=0 using WBEA † Uncertainty dominated by form factor ** Barker (2004) R-Matrix < 0.1
*
†
†
‡
‡ as ~ -12 fm
**
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KNOCKOUT & BREAKUP …
… nucleon removal via “knockout” or breakup of projectile (b 0.3) with known structure + in-flight decay
fragment – n FSI
Vf
Vn
Vf - Vn
2nVfVμ21
dE
targetProj.
AZ A-1Z + n
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APPROX. “SELECTION RULES” …
(i) 1 & 2-proton knockout Dℓn0 proj. valence neutron config.
C(11Be,9Li+n)X ,C(11Be,8He+n)X s1/2 [ 11Be C2S (s1/2) 0.8 ]
well adapted to probing low-lying (s-wave strength)
(ii) fragmentation (-xp,-yn) population via neutron-decay of N+1,2, … systems following proton removal
C(14B,9Li+n)X , C(14B,8He+n)X , C(11Li,8He+n)X , s1/2 + p1/2 + …
CAVEAT: decay of narrow resonances in N+1,2,… systems
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N=7 : STRUCTURAL EVOLUTION WITH ISOSPIN …
Brid
a e
at a
l.,. N
UPA
(200
6)
… 10Li *
PG Hansen et al.
s1/2 - p1/2 level inversion …
* pp1/2 s1/2 ;p3/2 2-,1- ; 2+,1+
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SCATTERING/VIRTUAL S-WAVE STATES …
as = 0 fm no FSI ; as << 0 fm stronger FSI
NB: final lineshape Ed(frag+n) depends on projectile and reaction + decay path
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10Li: C(11Be,9Li+n) @ 35 MEV/NUCLEON [-1p]
s-wave [as = -17±2 fm] + non-resonant continuum
H Al Falou et al.
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10Li: C(14B,9Li+n) @ 35 MEV/NUCLEON [-2p,-2n]
s-wave [as = -10±2 fm] + p-wave [Er = 0.50, G0 0.50 MeV] + background
[ Decay of 11Li* & 12Li … ? ] H Al Falou et al.
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9He: C(11Be,8He+n) @ 35 MEV/NUCLEON [-2p]
s-wave [as = -3 ~ 0 fm (3s)] + non-resonant continuum
H Al Falou et al.
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9He: C(14B,8He+n) @ 35 MEV/NUCLEON [-3p,-2n]
s-wave [as = -3 ~ 0 fm] + p-wave [Er = 1.2, G0 1.0 MeV] + background
[ Decay of 10He & 11He … ? ] H Al Falou et al.
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9He: p(11Li,8He+n) @ 280 MEV/NUCLEON [-1p-1n]
GSI-LAND : HT Johansson, Yu. Aksyutina et al. (2010)[ Decay of 10He … ? ]
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9He: “COMPARE & CONTRAST” …
C(11Be,8He+n)Threshold ℓ=0 strength dominates
… as -3 fm
d(8He,p)
ℓ=0 very low yield … as ~ -12 fm [?]
Can lower EB to improve matching (but … )
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d(9Li,p) @ 2.36 MEV/NUCLEON …
TB Jeppesen et al. [ISOLDE], PLB642 2006CCBA – Antonio Moro
CCBA
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9He : d(8He,p) @ 25 MeV/nucleon
MS Golovkov et al., PRC76 (2007)
→
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9He: AB INITIO THEORY …
P Navratil – ECT* Nov 2013
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(SOME) OPEN ISSUES …
TRANSFERT:
• How best to model transfer to continuum states ? … what is the best means to treat (s-wave) form factor ??
• Realistic estimates of Gsp to derive C2S ? Standard WS ? … ??
KNOCKOUT/BREAKUP:
• Proper reaction theory to continuum states (very crude at present)
• Need to treat consistently “background” (core recoil, valence-n scattering, non-resonant continuum) in theory
IDEALLY (TRANSFERT & KNOCKOUT):
• “Ab initio” yi & yf combined with realistic reaction theory …
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Lebond, Ogoshi, et al., LPC-TITECH-SAMURAI: NP1106 – SAMURAI04 @ RIBF
SPECTROSCOPY OF 18B : THESHOLD S-WAVE STRENGTH …
… PRELIMINARY
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HISTORICAL INTERLUDE…
… some cases accessible via heavy-ion multi-nucleon transfer & double-charge exchange from stable targets/beams
→ complex mechanisms, selectivity (ℓ>>0), complex spectra, …
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9He : d(8He,p) @ 15 MeV/nucleon
S Fortier et al., AIP Conf Proc 912 (2007)
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d(8He,p)AHe @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al. [MUST2], PRC88 2013
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17O : d(16O,p) @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al., PRC88 2013
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d(160/8He,p)17O/9He @ 15 MEV/NUCLEON : RESOLUTION…
T Al Kalanee, PhD Thesis LPC-Caen (2010)
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9He: SUMMARY …
T Al Kalanee, J Gibelin et al., PRC88 2013
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9He: AB INITIO THEORY …
P Navratil – ECT* Nov 2013
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INVARIANT MASS SPECTROSCOPY: LIGHT NUCLEI @ ~40 MeV/u …
9Li+n 12Be+n
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dEFWHM
ResolutionEXPERIMENTAL RESPONSE FUNCTION …
Efficiency
FWHM ~ 0.3 Ed1/2
en
JL Lecouey LPCC 04-03
model distributions must be “filtered” through the simulation
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INITIAL STATE DEPENDENCE OF UNBOUND STATES …
G Bertsch et al., PRC (1998), L Chen et al. PLB (2001)
• sudden approximation
neutron configuration of projectile preserved (Dℓn = 0)
0
0*2 )()()( rrdrrka k y
Initial bound state
jy 1A0
Final unbound state
jfragment
2)(kaEdEd d
ds
DecayEnergy
SimulationComparison to
data (c2)
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INITIAL STATE DEPENDENCE OF VIRTUAL S-STATES …
as = 0 fm no FSI ; as << 0 fm stronger FSI
H Al Falou LPCC 07-03
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13Be: DISCUSSION …
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s1/2 intruder (halo)
p-shell sd-shell
Single-Neutron Removal in the p-sd shell : AZ A-1Z
Inclusive Expt : E Sauvan, et al., PLB (2000)
13Be: DISCUSSION …
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13Be: DISCUSSION …
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13Be: DISCUSSION …
p,C(14Be,12Be+n) vs C(14B,12Be+n)
Randisi et al.
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13Be: UNMIXED SHELL MODEL (WBT/P) …
DJ Millener, unpublished
[HMI/Dubna]
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13Be: C(14B,12Be+n) VS MIXED (0–3)ħw SHELL MODEL …
G Randisi et al.* WBP & HTF predictions: 1/2+ normalised to 0.40 MeV level in EXPeriment
* *
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13Be: C(14B,12Be+n) …
G Randisi et al.
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13Be: C(14B,12Be+n) …
G Randisi et al.
… virtual vs resonant s-wave strength + d-wave resonance
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13Be: C(14B,12Be+n) …
G Randisi et al.
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13Be: C(14B,12Be+g) …
G Randisi et al.
… 12Be*: Ex (2+) =2.1 MeV ; Ex (1-) =2.7 MeV ; Ex (0+) =2.25 MeV