Contents National Biodiversity Assessment (NBA)...

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Contents National Biodiversity Assessment (NBA) 2018: Progress reporting on the Freshwater Component Presentation to the Freshwater Ecosystem Network (FEN) meeting 13 July 2016 Heidi van Deventer GIS/RS researcher CSIR

Transcript of Contents National Biodiversity Assessment (NBA)...

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Contents National Biodiversity Assessment

(NBA) 2018: Progress reporting on the Freshwater

Component

Presentation to the Freshwater Ecosystem Network (FEN) meeting

13 July 2016

Heidi van Deventer

GIS/RS researcher CSIR

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Freshwater component team

Jeanne Nel

Lindie Smith-Adao

Namhla Mbona

Chantel Petersen

Heidi van Deventer

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Themes addressed in NBA2018

Realms→ Realm Reports

Themes↓

Terr

estr

ial

Fres

hw

ate

r

(We

tlan

d &

Riv

ers)

Estu

arin

e

Mar

ine

& C

oas

tal

Describe the range of Benefits of Biodiversity

Ass

ess

men

t o

f B

iod

iver

sity

Describe

Biodiversity

Ecosystems

Species

Genetic

Describe Pressures on Biodiversity and their

Trends over time

Assess the Status of Biodiversity (Ecosystem

Threat Status and Protection Level)

Determine the Trends in Biodiversity Status

over time

Describe the range of Responses to Biodiversity Pressures

Groundwater: ? - TS and PL √ Usage and global change impact

Karst pools: √ TS and PL √ Usage and global change impact

River types √ TS and PL √ Usage and global change impact

Wetland types √ TS and PL √ Usage and global change impact

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Wetland Ecosystem Classification Committees (WECC)

River Ecosystem Classification Committees (RECC)

NBA2018 Freshwater component team CSIR and SANBI creates a Technical report

Freshwater Ecosystem Network meetings at SANBI annually first week of July

SANBI Biodiversity Planning Forums, annually in June

National Wetlands Indaba annually October

SASAQs conference, annually June

Species specialists: Add hoc liaison between SANBI and specialist for planning and assessments • Dr Erwin Sieben UKZN • Dr Paul Skelton, Dr Olaf Weyl, Albert

Chakona (SAIAB) • Ferdy de Moor (Albany Museum) • Specialist (EWT) • Dr Johan P Simaika (SUN) and Dr Mike

Samways • Hermien Roux (University of Venda) • Databases from Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife • Dr John Measey (SUN-CIB) • Dr Res Altweg (UCT) • DWS freshwater invertebrates database

(https://www.dwa.gov.za/iwqs/rhp/naehmp.aspx)

NBA2018 strategic oversight committee

Advisory committees; active participation in data creation, planning and assessments:

Stakeholder community: Communication during the NBA via (a) Newsletter distribution / SANBI website (b) Presentations via existing platforms:

Wetland data sources: • DEA Working for wetlands, water

and fire programmes as well as EIAs

• DWS • WRC • SANParks • ARC • Universities Species data sources: • E.g. SAIAB, Albany and provincial

governments

Interdepartmental Inland Water Ecosystem Liaison Committee ; representation DEA, DWS, SANBI, SANParks, CMAs, DAFF, DMR, provincial conservation; organs of state

South African Spatial Data Infrastructure (SASDI) Committee for Spatial

Information (CSI)

Governance structure of the Freshwater

component of NBA2018

SANBI to collate and integrate into SYNTHESIS &LIFE reports

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Process flow of national biodiversity

inventorying, to assessment and planning M

on

itorin

g

INVENTORY

• Extent and type of freshwater ecosystems (rivers & wetlands)

• Extent of threats and indicators of degradation (invasive species, connectivity)

• Mapping indicators of condition of ecosystems

• Data collection of species information

• Accuracy assessment and validation of data sets

ASSESSMENT

• Assessment of ecosystem, species and genetic diversity; identify hotspot areas

• Headline indicators: threat status and protection levels

• Trend compared to previous years (back casting)

• Including trends in headline indicators for ecosystems and species, threat

• Responses

PLANNING

• Prioritisation / conservation planning

31 March 2017

31 Feb 2018

To be determined

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Priorities for river types in NBA2018

• River Ecosystem Classification Committee (WECC) 23 May 2016

• River network updates:. Use the NFEPA network.

• Longitudinal zones:

– Dallas and Day 2007 combines mountain streams and upper foothills; then lower foothills and

lowland rivers for invertebrates. For now, keep the four categories.

• SASS data interpretation band studies showed that combining level 1 Ecoregions with the zones

work

• Flow variability: flow types for quinary catchments – Nick Rivers-Moore’s WRC project. Includes

variance, means, low flow durations etc. Will investigate for updating the ecosystem types.

• River condition, PES/EIS 2011 data: use in NBA 2018

– But could apply the confidence ratings (e.g. mean rating per ecosystem type)

– Also there is scale issues with site level vs catchment scale data

– What other condition data could we use for a national assessment?

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223 ecosystem types classified 1:500 000 scale river network according to combinations of:

• 31 Level I ecoregions

• 2 broad flow variability categories

(permanent/seasonal; ephemeral)

• 4 slope categories:

River types used in NBA2011

NFEPA river ecosystem types Nel et al. 2011

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Future priorities of river ecosystem types

• Maintenance and update of data

• Classification of water resources –more detailed datasets are available

• Sub-catchment planning units that take account of condition changes

• Ecological meaningful lumping of longitudinal zones – extend the Dallas

and Day 2007 analysis to fish, vegetation, etc.

• Improving the Ecoregion map

• Ultimately publishing the river ecosystem type map: e.g. Mucina and

Rutherford 2006 vegetation map, with descriptions and characteristic species

[email protected]

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Progres on wetland sub-component

Institution Situation Assessment & data collection

Clean new NGI hydrological polygon data

Wetlands data capturing

Modelling of wetland courses / probabilistic modelling

New landforms data set (modelling)

Integration of data sets

Validation and Accuracy assessment

CSIR √ Complete √ Complete Commenced 1 Aug 2016 1 Aug 2016 1 Aug 2016

1 April 2017

SANBI In progress (WRC K5/2546)

-

1 Aug 2016 2017/8 (WRC K5/2546)

- Limpopo 2016/7 (GEF 5) 2017/8 (WRC K5/2546)

FS DESTEA - -

-

Commenced -

-

Tbd

SANParks -

Commenced -

-

-

Commenced

ICLEI - -

Commenced -

-

-

Various - - -

? -

-

Tbd

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Additional data to consider (NGI) - 1

Desktop verification

Riverine wetlands

Seeps?

Depressions

Artificial

• NGI 2016 updates

– Nacelle : Flood banks indicate possible floodplain wetlands?

• NGI Springs and hot springs

12 of 90 hot springs mapped 6858 of 7312 = seeps?

WRC TT 577/13 “Thermal springs are underutilized” ”about half of the documented 74+ thermal springs have been developed as family leisure and recreational resorts alone, while the rest remain undeveloped.”

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You can comment!

• http://gsdi.geoportal.csir.co.za/projects

E-mail corrections to

Leolin Qegu

Before 28 Feb 2017

[email protected]

National Biodiversity Assessment 2018 -> Map viewer

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Temporary map viewer for the

National Freshwater Inventory

Click to expand

More data and metadata to follow

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SPECIES Class Nr of species or taxa associated with freshwater

Mammals 14 species Birds about 200 species

Reptiles 1 croc, 3 terrapins, 1 water monitor and 5 snakes

Amphibians 95 species

Fishes (SAIAB)

Molluscs 19 species gastropods, 25 species bivalves Springtails 20 species Mayflies 105 species Damsel and dragonflies 240 species Stoneflies 40 species Earwigs, crickets and grasshoppers 4 species

Bugs 41 species Dobsonflies, fishflies and alderflies 2 families

Water beetles 24 species Flies Caddisflies 230 species Arachnids spiders? Mites 160 species Crabs, prawns and crayfish 23 crab species 3 shrimp species? Amphipods 40 amphipod species and 15 isopod species Branciopods >43 species shrimps and 50 species fleas Copepods and allies 53 species copepods Ostracods (seed shrimps) >150 species Bryozoans (moss animals) poorly known Lesser-known invertebrates 7 sponge species, 2 medusa species, 150 roundworm species

Flowering plants 250 species

Mosses, liverworts and hornworts 50 mosses

Ferns Protists Prokaryotes Griffiths et al 2015

Freshwater Life (field guide)

Botts et al 2011

Sieben, flora

DWS freshwater invertebrates

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PRESSURES

• Invasive species

– DEA WIMS (plants)

– SAPIA II

– Kotze database

– Aquaculture farms

• Degradation

– Land cover changes between 1990 and 2013/4

• Strategic Water Resource areas

– Loss of river connectivity

AQUACULTURE YEARBOOK 2012

WRC Atlas of mining-impacted waters in South Africa

Winde and Erasmus 2011 Water, 3(1)

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Pressures ~ climate change

• General – Garcia et al 2014 Multiple Dimensions of Climate Change and Their

Implications for Biodiversity, Science

– IPCC WGII Fourth Assessment Report

– Kruger and Sekele 2012 Trends in extreme temperature indices in South Africa: 1962–2009, Int J Climatol

• Groundwater – Climate change vulnerability index for South African aquifers, Dennis

and Dennis 2012 WaterSA 38(3)

• Freshwater – Rivers-Moore and Karssing 2014 Water temperature affects life-

cycle duration of tadpoles of Natal cascade frog, African Journal of Aquatic Science

– Cunningham et al 2013 Identifying Biologically Meaningful Hot-Weather Events Using Threshold Temperatures That Affect Life-History

– Rivers-Moore, Dallas and Ross-Gillespie 2012 Life history does matter in assessing potential ecological impacts of thermal changes on aquatic macroinvertebrates, River Res Appl

– Dallas and Rivers-Moore 2013 Ecological consequences of global climate change for freshwater ecosystems in South Africa, S Afr J Sci (Review)

Engelbrecth 2015 CCAM_African_temps

Climate change vulnerability index

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Responses Working for wetlands

Metse a me

• Legislative

• National programmes

– Working for wetlands

– Working for water

– Areas of biocontrol

– Monitoring programmes • eutrophication

– DWS special projects

– Wetland off-set areas

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Thank you

Name ([email protected])