CONTENTS INSIGHTSILLUSTRATIONS (TOP TO BOTT): STEPHANIE ABRAMOWICZ; A. KITTERMAN AND V. ALTOUNIAN/...
3
ILLUSTRATIONS (TOP TO BOTTOM): STEPHANIE ABRAMOWICZ; A. KITTERMAN AND V. ALTOUNIAN/SCIENCE 6 NOVEMBER 2020 • VOL 370 ISSUE 6517 633 SCIENCE sciencemag.org NEWS IN BRIEF 640 News at a glance IN DEPTH 642 ‘A very, very bad look’ for remdesivir FDA and Europe anointed it as a key therapy just after a major study found it has little value By J. Cohen and K. Kupferschmidt 644 Europe is locking down again—but its strategy is unclear Without a plan to eliminate the virus, countries may face shutdowns over and over, scientists warn By K. Kupferschmidt 645 Growth spurt for height genetics By tallying thousands of genetic variants, researchers account for height’s remaining “missing heritability” By J. Kaiser 646 How the horse powered human prehistory Wide-ranging warriors made Mongolian empire a melting pot, sweeping gene study shows By A. Curry INSIGHTS PERSPECTIVES 654 A surprising fossil vertebrate An ancient amphibian converged on a chameleon-like way of feeding By D. B. Wake RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 687 655 The genetic law of the minimum The genetic code evolved to reduce the impact of nutrient limitations By M. F. Polz and O. X. Cordero RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 683 657 Regulation in common: Sponge to zebrafish Developmental enhancers from a sponge regulate gene expression in zebrafish neurons By N. Harmston RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 681 658 Nudging people to court Behavioral interventions may improve court attendance, but how to reform the system remains unclear By I. Kohler-Hausmann RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 682 660 Food for thought The nuclear metabolic-epigenetic axis bridges the environment and genes to modulate behavior By G. Egervari et al. 662 Steering iceberg armadas The Asian-Pacific tropics likely instigated millennial-scale climate changes By J. M. Jaeger and A. E. Shevenell REPORT p. 716 663 Public health during the pandemic in India Data from two Indian states give detail about variation in transmission and disease outcomes By J. John and G. Kang RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 691 POLICY FORUM 665 Species protection will take more than rule reversal Key improvements are needed for implementation of the Endangered Species Act By Y.-W. Li et al. BOOKS ET AL. 667 The ascent of Wikipedia Scholars reflect on 20 years of crowdsourced knowledge By A. Robinson 668 Recognizing the work of women Despite several stumbles, a new volume about women in paleontology will likely prove valuable to future scholars By J. Miller-Camp 647 New chip-based lasers promise practical terahertz imaging Semiconductor lasers work with small coolers, enabling medical imaging and contraband detection By R. F. Service 648 Black holes by the dozens challenge theorists Trove of gravitational wave detections allows black holes to be studied en masse By A. Cho PODCAST FEATURES 649 The long shot A little company chases its bigger competitors in the race for a coronavirus vaccine By M. Wadman 652 ‘Nothing is impossible,’ says lab ace Nita Patel By M. Wadman VIDEO CONTENTS 654 6 NOVEMBER 2020 • VOLUME 370 • ISSUE 6517 Published by AAAS on May 4, 2021 http://science.sciencemag.org/ Downloaded from
Transcript of CONTENTS INSIGHTSILLUSTRATIONS (TOP TO BOTT): STEPHANIE ABRAMOWICZ; A. KITTERMAN AND V. ALTOUNIAN/...
ILL
US
TR
AT
ION
S (
TO
P T
O B
OT
TO
M):
ST
EP
HA
NIE
AB
RA
MO
WIC
Z;
A.
KIT
TE
RM
AN
AN
D V
. A
LT
OU
NIA
N/SCIENCE
6 NOVEMBER 2020 • VOL 370 ISSUE 6517 633SCIENCE sciencemag.org
NEWS
IN BRIEF
640 News at a glance
IN DEPTH
642 ‘A very, very bad look’ for remdesivirFDA and Europe anointed it as
a key therapy just after a major study
found it has little value
By J. Cohen and K. Kupferschmidt
644 Europe is locking down again—but its strategy is unclearWithout a plan to eliminate the virus,
countries may face shutdowns over and
over, scientists warn By K. Kupferschmidt
645 Growth spurt for height geneticsBy tallying thousands of genetic variants,
researchers account for height’s
remaining “missing heritability”
By J. Kaiser
646 How the horse powered human prehistoryWide-ranging warriors made Mongolian
empire a melting pot, sweeping gene study
shows By A. Curry
INSIGHTS
PERSPECTIVES
654 A surprising fossil vertebrateAn ancient amphibian converged on a chameleon-like way of feeding By D. B. Wake
RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 687
655 The genetic law of the minimumThe genetic code evolved to reduce the impact of nutrient limitations By M. F. Polz and O. X. Cordero
RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 683
657 Regulation in common: Sponge to zebrafishDevelopmental enhancers from a sponge regulate gene expression in zebrafish neurons By N. Harmston
RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 681
658 Nudging people to courtBehavioral interventions may improve court attendance, but how to reform the system remains unclear By I. Kohler-Hausmann
RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 682
660 Food for thoughtThe nuclear metabolic-epigenetic axis bridges the environment and genes to modulate behavior By G. Egervari et al.
662 Steering iceberg armadasThe Asian-Pacific tropics likely instigated millennial-scale climate changes By J. M. Jaeger and A. E. Shevenell
REPORT p. 716
663 Public health during thepandemic in IndiaData from two Indian states give detail about variation in transmission and disease outcomes By J. John and G. Kang
RESEARCH ARTICLE p. 691
POLICY FORUM
665 Species protection will take more than rule reversalKey improvements are needed for implementation of the Endangered Species Act By Y.-W. Li et al.
BOOKS ET AL.
667 The ascent of WikipediaScholars reflect on 20 years of crowdsourced knowledge By A. Robinson
668 Recognizing the work of womenDespite several stumbles, a new volume about women in paleontology will likely prove valuable to future scholars By J. Miller-Camp
647 New chip-based lasers promise practical terahertz imagingSemiconductor lasers work with small coolers, enabling medical imaging and contraband detection By R. F. Service
648 Black holes by the dozens challenge theoristsTrove of gravitational wave detections allows black holes to be studied en masse By A. Cho
PODCAST
FEATURES
649 The long shotA little company chases its biggercompetitors in the race for a coronavirusvaccine By M. Wadman
652 ‘Nothing is impossible,’
says lab ace Nita PatelBy M. Wadman
VIDEO
CONTENTS
654
6 NOVEMBER 2020 • VOLUME 370 • ISSUE 6517
Published by AAAS
on May 4, 2021
http://science.sciencem
ag.org/D
ownloaded from
6 NOVEMBER 2020 • VOL 370 ISSUE 6517 635SCIENCE sciencemag.org
RESEARCH
IN BRIEF
677 From Science and other journals
REVIEW
680 Climate changePast climates inform our future J. E. Tierney et al.REVIEW SUMMARY; FOR FULL TEXT:
DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/SCIENCE.AAY3701
RESEARCH ARTICLES
681 Enhancer genomicsDeep conservation of the enhancer regulatory code in animals E. S. Wong et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY; FOR FULL TEXT:
DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/SCIENCE.AAX8137
PERSPECTIVE p. 657
682 Criminal justiceBehavioral nudges reduce failure to appear for court A. Fishbane et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY; FOR FULL TEXT:
DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/SCIENCE.ABB6591
PERSPECTIVE p. 658
683 Metabolic genomicsResource conservation manifests in the genetic code L. Shenhav and D. Zeevi
PERSPECTIVE p. 655
687 PaleontologyEnigmatic amphibians in mid-Cretaceous amber were chameleon-like ballistic feeders J. D. Daza et al.PERSPECTIVE p. 654
691 CoronavirusEpidemiology and transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in two Indian states R. Laxminarayan et al.PERSPECTIVE p. 663
REPORTS
698 Organic devicesLarge-area low-noise flexible organic photodiodes for detecting faint visible light C. Fuentes-Hernandez et al.
701 Topological opticsNonlinearity-induced photonic topological insulator L. J. Maczewsky et al.
705 Climate changeGlobal food system emissions could preclude achieving the 1.5° and 2°C climate change targets M. A. Clark et al.
708 BatteriesRational design of layered oxide materials for sodium-ion batteries C. Zhao et al.
712 Ecological monitoringEcological insights from three decades of animal movement tracking across a changing Arctic S. C. Davidson et al.PODCAST
716 PaleoclimatePhasing of millennial-scale climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans M. H. Walczak et al.PERSPECTIVE p. 662
721 Ecological genomicsGenomic architecture of a genetically assimilated seasonal color pattern K. R. L. van der Burg et al.
725 CoronavirusFree fatty acid binding pocket in the locked structure of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein C. Toelzer et al.
SCIENCE (ISSN 0036-8075) is published weekly on Friday, except last week in December, by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1200 New York Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Periodicals mail postage (publication No. 484460) paid at Washington, DC, and additional mailing offices. Copyright © 2020 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The title SCIENCE is a registered trademark of the AAAS. Domestic individual membership, including subscription (12 months): $165 ($74 allocated to subscription). Domestic institutional subscription (51 issues): $2148; Foreign postage extra: Air assist delivery: $98. First class, airmail, student, and emeritus rates on request. Canadian rates with GST available upon request, GST #125488122. Publications Mail Agreement Number 1069624. Printed in the U.S.A.Change of address: Allow 4 weeks, giving old and new addresses and 8-digit account number. Postmaster: Send change of address to AAAS, P.O. Box 96178, Washington, DC 20090–6178. Single-copy sales: $15 each plus shipping and handling available from backissues.sciencemag.org; bulk rate on request. Authorization to reproduce material for internal or personal use under circumstances not falling within the fair use provisions of the Copyright Act can be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), www.copyright.com. The identification code for Science is 0036-8075. Science is indexed in the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature and in several specialized indexes.
CONTENTS
DEPARTMENTS
639 Editorial Gradually, then suddenly By H. Holden Thorp
738 Working LifeA sabbatical reboot By Thomas Gernon
Science Staff ............................................. 636
Science Careers .........................................734
LETTERS
669 Aquaculture jeopardizes migrating Oriental storksBy Y. Sun et al.
669 Indigenous rights to PatagoniaBy P. A. Marquet et al.
670 Fisheries rely on threatened salt marshesBy R. Baker et al.
INTRODUCTION
672 Sampling the early solar system
RESEARCH
674 Variations in color and reflectance on the surface of asteroid (101955) Bennu D. N. DellaGiustina et al.
RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;
FOR FULL TEXT: DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/
SCIENCE.ABC3660
675 Widespread carbon-bearing materials on near-Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu A. A. Simon et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;
FOR FULL TEXT: DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/
SCIENCE.ABC3522
676 Bright carbonate veins on asteroid (101955) Bennu: Implications for aqueous alteration history H. H. Kaplan et al.RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY;
FOR FULL TEXT: DX.DOI.ORG/10.1126/
SCIENCE.ABC3557
ON THE COVER
The near-Earth carbonaceous asteroid (101955) Bennu, as observed by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft. A lidar-derived shape model is overlain in grayscale with the albedo, and in color with a map of the abundance of carbon-bearing material (center, see page 675) and a false-color image indicating the near-ultraviolet and
near-infrared spectral slopes (right, see page 674). Graphic: NASA’s
Scientific Visualization
Studio; Data: Daly et al.
Sci. Adv. 6, eabd3649/
DellaGiustina et al./
Simon et al./OSIRIS-
REx Team
SEE ALSO SCIENCE ADVANCES RESEARCH
ARTICLES BY D. J. SCHEERES ET AL. 10.1126/
SCIADV.ABC3350, M. G. DALY ET AL. 10.1126/
SCIADV.ABD3649, AND B. ROZITIS ET AL.
10.1126/SCIADV.ABC3699
SPECIAL SECTION
OSIRIS-REx at Bennu
Published by AAAS
on May 4, 2021
http://science.sciencem
ag.org/D
ownloaded from
370 (6517)
(6517), 639-738.370Science
ARTICLE TOOLS http://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6517
PERMISSIONS http://www.sciencemag.org/help/reprints-and-permissions
Terms of ServiceUse of this article is subject to the
is a registered trademark of AAAS.ScienceScience, 1200 New York Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005. The title (print ISSN 0036-8075; online ISSN 1095-9203) is published by the American Association for the Advancement ofScience
Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of
on May 4, 2021
http://science.sciencem
ag.org/D
ownloaded from
