Contents: Course information Language change
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Transcript of Contents: Course information Language change
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
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Introduction to historical linguistics.
VETKANB213T/VETLANB213T
Lecture 1.Important course information -
Basic notions
Szilárd Szentgyörgyi
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Contents:– Course information– Language change
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Contact information:Szentgyörgyi Szilárd
Office in Building „K” upstairs Office hours: Wed. 13.00-14.00 and Thu. 14.00-15.00
Course materials at:http://angolweb.uni-pannon.hu in Fixinfo (Course title: Intro to historical linguistics, password: 123456)
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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•Obligatory readings:
Terry Crowley: An Introduction to Historical Linguistics. 1996. Oxford University Press.
John Algeo – Thomas Pyles: The Origins and Development of the English Language. 1994. Wadsworth Publishing.
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Requirements for signature– 2 midterms including theoretical and
practical tasks on weeks 8 and 15 (NO make up tests!!!)
– Gradebooks only signed if you get at least 40% of the points in both parts separately.
– Grades will be offered if you get at least 60% in average.
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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2008
• Exam requirements:– 4 written exams
– passmark: 50%
– Tasks: same as in midterm tests• gap-filling• multiple choice• practical task
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Historical linguistics
– describes objectively what and how happened in the language at an earlier stage of its development
???– Synchronic vs diachronic linguistics
(Ferdinand de Saussure)
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Linguistic universals– languages change throughout time– all (states of) languages are equal: no
golden age?
• Why do languages change?– ease of pronunciation (laziness)?– shortage of memory?– imperfect imitation?
• How do languages change?– haphazardly or in similar ways?
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• What changes in languages?– everything: sounds, sound patterns,
morphemes, words, morpheme and word structure rules, phrase structure rules, etc.
– one change may lead to another (chain shifts)
• What is the result of changes in languages?– emergence of varieties (social and
geographical)– emergence of languages– difference between language and dialect
(linguistic and common sense)– dialect chains
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Classification of languages:
– typological (isolating, inflecting, agglutinating)
– genetic (language families)
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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• Sir William Jones (1786):– „The Sankskrit language, whatever be its
antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which perhaps, no longer exists: there is similar reason, though not quite forcible, for supposing that both the Gothic and Celtic, though blended with a very different idiom, had the same origin with the Sanskrit; and the Old Persian might be added to the same family.
![Page 12: Contents: Course information Language change](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022083006/56813bf1550346895da525a5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
INtr
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tori
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2008
• Sir William Jones (1786):– „The Sankskrit language, whatever be its
antiquity, is of a wonderful structure; more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either, yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which perhaps, no longer exists: there is similar reason, though not quite forcible, for supposing that both the Gothic and Celtic, though blended with a very different idiom, had the same origin with the Sanskrit; and the Old Persian might be added to the same family.
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
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2008
• lanuages being related (instead of deriving one language from another, there is parallel development)
• thus families of languages arise (proto- languages)
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University of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesUniversity of Pannonia, Faculty of Arts, Institute of English and American StudiesH-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail: H-8200 Veszprém, Egyetem u. 10. Phone: (36) 88/624-378 E-mail:
[email protected]@almos.uni-pannon.hu
Institute of Englishand American Studies
INtr
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2008
• language change:– natural vs deliberate– automatic vs planned